Compositional heterogeneity near the base of the mantle transition zone beneath Hawaii

Global seismic discontinuities near 410 and 660 km depth in Earth’s mantle are expressions of solid-state phase transitions. These transitions modulate thermal and material fluxes across the mantle and variations in their depth are often attributed to temperature anomalies. Here we use novel seismic array analysis of SS waves reflecting off the 410 and 660 below the Hawaiian hotspot. We find amplitude–distance trends in reflectivity that imply lateral variations in wavespeed and density contrasts across 660 for which thermodynamic modeling precludes a thermal origin. No such variations are found along the 410. The inferred 660 contrasts can be explained by mantle composition varying from average (pyrolitic) mantle beneath Hawaii to a mixture with more melt-depleted harzburgite southeast of the hotspot. Such compositional segregation was predicted, from petrological and numerical convection studies, to occur near hot deep mantle upwellings like the one often invoked to cause volcanic activity on Hawaii

After-effects of thixotropic conditionings on operational chest wall and compartmental volumes of patients with Parkinson’s disease

Individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) present respiratory dysfunctions, mainly due to decreased chest wall expansion, which worsens with the course of the disease. These findings contribute to the restrictive respiratory pattern and the reduction in chest wall volume. According to literature, inspiratory muscle thixotropic conditioning maneuvers may improve lung volumes in these patients. The study aimed to determine the after-effects of respiratory muscle thixotropic maneuvers on breathing patterns and chest wall volumes of PD. A crossover study was performed with twelve patients with PD (8 males; mean age 63.9±8.8 years, FVC%pred 89.7±13.9, FEV1%pred 91.2±15, FEV1/FVC%pred 83.7±5.7). Chest wall volumes were assessed using OEP during thixotropic maneuvers. Increases in EIVCW (mean of 126mL, p = 0.01) and EEVCW (mean of 150mL, p = 0.005) were observed after DITLC (deep inspiration from total lung capacity) due to increases in pulmonary (RCp) and abdominal (RCa) ribcage compartments. Changes in ICoTLC (inspiratory contraction from TLC) led to significant EIVCW (mean of 224mL, p = 0.001) and EEVCW (mean of 229mL, p = 0.02) increases that were mainly observed in the RCp. No significant changes were found when performing DERV (deep expiration from residual volume) and ICoRV (Inspiratory contraction from RV). Positive correlations were also observed between the degree of inspiratory contraction during ICoTLC and EEVRCp (rho = 0.613, p = 0.03) and EIVRCp (rho = 0.697, p = 0.01) changes. Thixotropy conditioning of inspiratory muscles at an inflated chest wall volume increases EIVCW and EEVCW in the ten subsequent breaths in PD patients. These maneuvers are easy to perform, free of equipment, low-cost, and may help patients improve chest wall volumes during rehabilitation

Avaliação de linhagens de feijão-caupi no Município de Mazagão, Estado do Amapá.

No Estado do Amapá o cultivo pelo feijão-caupi começa a ter grande aceitação, principalmente em função de sua excelente adaptação, baixo custo de produção e boa aceitação comercial. Um dos objetivos dos experimentos na região é desenvolver cultivares de porte ereto e semi-ereto adequadas ao cultivo totalmente mecanizado. Assim, em Latossolo Amarelo, em clima do tipo Ami, usando-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições e adubação de 80 kg ha-1 (superfosfato triplo) e 50 kg ha-1 (cloreto de potássio), foram avaliadas vinte linhagens de feijão-caupi. A análise de variância mostrou diferença significativa pelo teste de Tukey (p< 0,05) para todas as características avaliadas. Os melhores desempenhos produtivos foram das linhagens MNC03-737F-5-1 com 1.425,7 kg ha-1, seguida pelos genótipos MNC03-737F-5-10 e MNC03-737F-5-9, com 1.293,9 kg ha-1 e 1.202,6 kg ha-1, respectivamente. Estes materiais estão inseridos na subclasse comercial branco. O início de floração teve média experimental em 45,6 dias, enquanto o comprimento de vagem foi de 18,2 cm. As linhagens mostraram-se tolerantes ao ataque de doenças e pragas.CONAC 2012. Disponível em: http://www.conac2012.org/resumos/pdf/133a.pdf. Acesso em: 22 jul. 2013

Avaliação de linhagens de feijão-caupi no Amapá.

A demanda por novas cultivares de feijão-caupi tem sido comum no meio rural do Amapá. Cabe destacar que os genótipos de porte prostrado apresentam maior vigor e se adaptam melhor em ambientes desfavoráveis, relativamente às cultivares de porte ereto. Nesse sentido o experimento teve objetivo de avaliar vinte linhagens de porte prostrado e semi-prostrado na região. Em Latossolo Amarelo, clima do tipo Ami, usou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso e quatro repetições, adubação de 80 kg ha-1 (superfosfato triplo) e 50 kg ha-1 (cloreto de potássio). A semeadura manual ocorreu em fileiras espaçadas de 0,80 m e área útil de 8 m². A análise de variância mostrou diferença significativa pelo teste de Tukey (p< 0,05). A melhor produtividade de 1.251,9 kg ha-1, foi da cultivar BRS-Pajeú. Destacaram-se também MNC03-736F-6, BRS Xiquexique, MNC02-701F-2, MNC03-761F-1, MNC02-677F-5, Pingo de Ouro-1-2, MNC02-675F-9-5 e BRS Gurgéia. A linhagem MNC01-649F-1-3 alcançou menor período de floração, enquanto o maior comprimento de vagem foi do genótipo MNC02-677F-2.CONAC 2012. Disponível em: http://www.conac2012.org/resumos/pdf/133b.pdf. Acesso em: 22 jul. 2013

Situação atual e perspectivas para o cultivo da mangaba no estado de Sergipe.

bitstream/CPATC/19775/1/f_13_2007.pd

Conservacao e uso sustentavel de recursos geneticos de Manihot.

Recursos geneticos de especies brasileiras de Manihot (Euphorbiaceae) foram estudados numa abordagem interdisciplinar que visou a produzir conhecimentos em areas de pesquisa pouco exploradas ou em areas cujo conhecimento e considerado carente. Nesta comunicacao apresentam-se sequencialmente resultados das seguintes pesquisas inter-relacionadas: 1. estudos etnobotanicos da mandioca na Amazonia brasileira; 2. estudos taxonomicos de especies silvestres da Amazonia brasileira; 3. estudos sobre a origem geografica da mandioca; 4. estudos de mapas ambientais georeferenciados aplicados a distribuicao ecogeografica de especies; 5. estudos de tecnicas de conservacao ex situ de especies, em especial o estabelecimento de protocolos para a quebra da dormencia e melhorar os indices de germinacao de sementes, conservacao de sementes a longo prazo em temperatura sub-zero, regeneracao de eixos embrionarios e conservacao de vitroplantulas; 6. producao de germoplasma-semente em campos de polinizacao aberta e por polinizacao controlada

BRS Tumucumaque: cultivar de feijão-caupi para o Amapá e outros estados do Brasil.

bitstream/item/122943/1/CPAF-AP-2014-CT-124-BRSTumucumaque.pd

Understanding innovators' experiences of barriers and facilitators in implementation and diffusion of healthcare service innovations: A qualitative study

This article is made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund - Copyright @ 2011 Barnett et al.Background: Healthcare service innovations are considered to play a pivotal role in improving organisational efficiency and responding effectively to healthcare needs. Nevertheless, healthcare organisations encounter major difficulties in sustaining and diffusing innovations, especially those which concern the organisation and delivery of healthcare services. The purpose of the present study was to explore how healthcare innovators of process-based initiatives perceived and made sense of factors that either facilitated or obstructed the innovation implementation and diffusion. Methods: A qualitative study was designed. Fifteen primary and secondary healthcare organisations in the UK, which had received health service awards for successfully generating and implementing service innovations, were studied. In-depth, semi structured interviews were conducted with the organisational representatives who conceived and led the development process. The data were recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed. Results: Four main themes were identified in the analysis of the data: the role of evidence, the function of inter-organisational partnerships, the influence of human-based resources, and the impact of contextual factors. "Hard" evidence operated as a proof of effectiveness, a means of dissemination and a pre-requisite for the initiation of innovation. Inter-organisational partnerships and people-based resources, such as champions, were considered an integral part of the process of developing, establishing and diffusing the innovations. Finally, contextual influences, both intra-organisational and extra-organisational were seen as critical in either impeding or facilitating innovators' efforts. Conclusions: A range of factors of different combinations and co-occurrence were pointed out by the innovators as they were reflecting on their experiences of implementing, stabilising and diffusing novel service initiatives. Even though the innovations studied were of various contents and originated from diverse organisational contexts, innovators' accounts converged to the significant role of the evidential base of success, the inter-personal and inter-organisational networks, and the inner and outer context. The innovators, operating themselves as important champions and being often willing to lead constructive efforts of implementation to different contexts, can contribute to the promulgation and spread of the novelties significantly.This research was supported financially by the Multidisciplinary Assessment of Technology Centre for Healthcare (MATCH)

Nursing Diagnosis Risk for falls: prevalence and clinical profile of hospitalized patients

Objectives: to identify the prevalence of the Nursing Diagnosis (ND) Risk for falls in the hospitalizations of adult patients in clinical and surgical units, to characterize the clinical profile and to identify the risk factors of the patients with this ND. Method: a cross-sectional study with 174 patients. The data was collected from the computerized nursing care prescriptions system and on-line hospital records, and analyzed statistically. Results: the prevalence of the ND Risk for falls was 4%. The patients’ profile indicated older adults, males (57%), those hospitalized in the clinical units (63.2%), with a median length of hospitalization of 20 (10-24) days, with neurological illnesses (26%), cardio-vascular illnesses (74.1%) and various co-morbidities (3±1.8). The prevalent risk factors were neurological alterations (43.1%), impaired mobility (35.6%) and extremes of age (10.3%). Conclusion: the findings contributed to evidencing the profile of the patients with a risk of falling hospitalized in clinical and surgical wards, which favors the planning of interventions for preventing this adverse event