A poorer nutritional status impacts quality of life in a sample population of elderly cancer patients

Rationale Quality of Life (QoL) is impaired in cancer, and the elderly are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition. A diagnosis of cancer in elderly patients further exacerbates risks of negative health outcomes. Here we investigated associations between QoL and nutritional status in a sample population of mostly socially deprived elderly cancer patients. Method 432 cancer patients were recruited for this cross-sectional study at point of admission to a tertiary referral hospital for cancer treatment. Patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) assessed nutritional status. Functional assessment of cancer therapy- general (FACT-G) quantified QoL. Relationship between PG-SGA and QoL was assessed by Spearman correlation. PG-SGA outcomes were compared against FACT-G scores employing Mann–Whitney test. Bivariate Linear Regression Model was employed to investigate influences of sociodemographic, clinical and nutritional status upon QoL. Results 37.5% of participants were malnourished or at risk. 39% were illiterate and 54.6% had family income lower than minimum wage. Malnourished patients showed lower FACT-G scores (76.8 vs. 84.7; p = 0.000). Poor nutritional diagnosis was inversely correlated with all QoL domains. Bivariate regression analysis showed that lower PG-SGA scores (βo =  − 1.00; p = 0.000) contributed to FACT-G score deterioration, the male gender showed better QoL scores, and other clinical and sociodemographic variables did not show relationship. Conclusion Poorer nutritional status was significantly associated with worsened physical, social, emotional and functional well-being QoL domains in elderly cancer patients. Poorer nutritional status is an independent risk factor for worsened QoL. Future policies aimed at particularly vulnerable populations may improve QoL and health outcomes

Característica leucocitária, relação albumina/globulina, proteína plasmática e fibrinogênio de bovinos da raça Nelore, confinados e terminados a pasto Leukocyte characteristic, albumin/globulin relation, plasmatic protein and fibrinogen of bovines of the Nelore race confined and grazing

Esse trabalho avaliou as mudanças na contagem de leucócitos e algumas proteínas séricas de bovinos confinados e terminados a pasto. De 120 amostras sangüíneas coletadas, 60 foram obtidas de bovinos Nelores machos confinados e 60 de animais com as mesmas características, porém manejados extensivamente. As amostras foram obtidas por ocasião do abate desses animais. Os parâmetros estudados foram contagem de leucócitos, razão albumina/globulina e concentração de fibrinogênio plasmático. Na análise dos dados empregou-se estatística descritiva, obtendo-se as médias, desvio padrão e coeficiente de variação para todos as variáveis avaliadas e posteriormente comparou-se as médias por meio de teste não-paramétrico. Os bovinos terminados a pasto apresentaram maior nível de globulina e fibrinogênio (P>0,05) quando comparados com os confinados (globulina: pastejo=3,29g dL-1 0,76; confinamento 2,99g dL-1&plusmn;0,60 e Fibrinogênio: pastejo=872mg dL-1&plusmn;610; confinamento=633mg dL-1&plusmn;319). O número de leucócitos total foi de 7,64&plusmn;2,15 em bovinos confinados e de 7,72&plusmn;1,84 nos terminados a pasto. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) entre essa variável e a contagem diferencial de leucócitos bem como na proteína sérica total (g dL-1) dos bovinos terminados a pasto (6,10&plusmn;0,53) e dos confinados (5,96&plusmn;0,49). O nível de albumina dos bovinos confinados (3,01g dL-1&plusmn;0,43) e a razão A/G (1,07&plusmn;8,91) foram maiores quando comparados com os bovinos terminados a pasto (2,82g dL-1&plusmn;0,45) e (0,95&plusmn;0,38) respectivamente. O nível mais elevado de albumina nos bovinos confinados sugere que eles foram submetidos a uma dieta nutricional mais adequada. O constante desafio imunológico sofrido pelos animais terminados a pasto pode ter sido responsável pelo elevado nível de globulina e fibrinogênio. Esses resultados indicaram que, apesar das adversidades que os bovinos confinados são submetidos, eles não apresentaram alterações correlacionadas com esse fato.<br>This research aimed to evaluate the changes in the white blood cell count and some serum proteins of confined cattle (CC) and grass cattle (GC). From the 120 blood samples collected, 60 were obtained from confined Nelore male bovines and 60 from animals with the same characteristics but managed extensively. Samples were obtained at the moment of slaughter. Parameters studied were the white blood cell count, serum albumin/globulin ratio and concentration of plasma fibrinogen. Descriptive statistics was used in the analysis of the data, and the averages, standard deviation and coefficient of variation calculated for all parameters evaluated. The comparisons between averages were made by non-parametric test. The grazing cattle showed higher levels of globulin and fibrinogen when compared to the confined ones (globulin: GC=3.29g dL-1&plusmn;0.76; CC=2.99g dL-1&plusmn;0.60 and Fibrinogen: GC=872mg dL-1&plusmn;610; CC=633mg dL-1&plusmn;319). The total number of white blood cells mL-1 was 7.64&plusmn;2.15 in confined cattle and 7.72&plusmn;1.84 in grazing cattle. There was no significant difference between this variable and differential white blood cell count as well as the total serum protein (g dL-1) from grazing cattle (6.10&plusmn;0.53) and confined cattle (5.96&plusmn;0.49). The level of albumin from confined cattle (3.01g dL-1&plusmn; 0.43) and the A/G ratio (1.07&plusmn;8.91) were greater when compared to the grazing bovines (2.82g dL-1&plusmn;0.45) and (0.95&plusmn;0.38) respectively. The higher serum levels of albumin found in confined herd suggest that they were subjected to a more adequate nutritional diet. The constant immunological challenge suffered by the GC could be responsible for the elevated serum levels of globulin and fibrinogen. These results showed that although feedlots present a stressful environment they did not show any blood alterations correlated to this fact

A Deep Neural Network for Simultaneous Estimation of b Jet Energy and Resolution

We describe a method to obtain point and dispersion estimates for the energies of jets arising from b quarks produced in proton–proton collisions at an energy of s=13TeV at the CERN LHC. The algorithm is trained on a large sample of simulated b jets and validated on data recorded by the CMS detector in 2017 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 41 fb-1. A multivariate regression algorithm based on a deep feed-forward neural network employs jet composition and shape information, and the properties of reconstructed secondary vertices associated with the jet. The results of the algorithm are used to improve the sensitivity of analyses that make use of b jets in the final state, such as the observation of Higgs boson decay to b b ¯. © 2020, The Author(s)

Measurement of single-diffractive dijet production in proton–proton collisions at √s=8Te with the CMS and TOTEM experiments

Measurements are presented of the single-diffractive dijet cross section and the diffractive cross section as a function of the proton fractional momentum loss ξ and the four-momentum transfer squared t. Both processes pp→pX and pp→Xp, i.e. with the proton scattering to either side of the interaction point, are measured, where X includes at least two jets; the results of the two processes are averaged. The analyses are based on data collected simultaneously with the CMS and TOTEM detectors at the LHC in proton–proton collisions at s=8Te during a dedicated run with β∗=90m at low instantaneous luminosity and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 37.5nb-1. The single-diffractive dijet cross section σjjpX, in the kinematic region ξ&amp;lt; 0.1 , 0.03&amp;lt;|t|&amp;lt;1Ge2, with at least two jets with transverse momentum pT&amp;gt;40Ge, and pseudorapidity | η| &amp;lt; 4.4 , is 21.7±0.9(stat)-3.3+3.0(syst)±0.9(lumi)nb. The ratio of the single-diffractive to inclusive dijet yields, normalised per unit of ξ, is presented as a function of x, the longitudinal momentum fraction of the proton carried by the struck parton. The ratio in the kinematic region defined above, for x values in the range - 2.9 ≤ log 10x≤ - 1.6 , is R=(σjjpX/Δξ)/σjj=0.025±0.001(stat)±0.003(syst), where σjjpX and σjj are the single-diffractive and inclusive dijet cross sections, respectively. The results are compared with predictions from models of diffractive and nondiffractive interactions. Monte Carlo predictions based on the HERA diffractive parton distribution functions agree well with the data when corrected for the effect of soft rescattering between the spectator partons. © 2020, CERN for the benefit of the CMS and TOTEM collaborations

Erratum to: Measurement of exclusive Υ photoproduction from protons in pPb collisions at s NN = 5.02 TeV (The European Physical Journal C, (2019), 79, 3, (277), 10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-6774-8)

In this article the author name Luigi Calligaris was incorrectly written as A. Calligaris. The original article has been corrected. © CERN for the benefit of the CMS collaboration 2022

Measurements of triple-differential cross sections for inclusive isolated-photon+jet events in p p collisions at √s=8TeV

Measurements are presented of the triple-differential cross section for inclusive isolated-photon+jet events in p p collisions at s=8 TeV as a function of photon transverse momentum (pTγ), photon pseudorapidity (ηγ), and jet pseudorapidity (ηjet). The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7fb-1 that probe a broad range of the available phase space, for | ηγ| &amp;lt; 1.44 and 1.57 &amp;lt; | ηγ| &amp;lt; 2.50 , | ηjet| &amp;lt; 2.5 , 40&amp;lt;pTγ&amp;lt;1000GeV, and jet transverse momentum, pTjet, &amp;gt; 25GeV. The measurements are compared to next-to-leading order perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculations, which reproduce the data within uncertainties. © 2019, CERN for the benefit of the CMS collaboration

Measurements with silicon photomultipliers of dose-rate effects in the radiation damage of plastic scintillator tiles in the CMS hadron endcap calorimeter

Measurements are presented of the reduction of signal output due to radiation damage for two types of plastic scintillator tiles used in the hadron endcap (HE) calorimeter of the CMS detector. The tiles were exposed to particles produced in proton-proton (pp) collisions at the CERN LHC with a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to a delivered luminosity of 50 fb-1. The measurements are based on readout channels of the HE that were instrumented with silicon photomultipliers, and are derived using data from several sources: A laser calibration system, a movable radioactive source, as well as hadrons and muons produced in pp collisions. Results from several irradiation campaigns using 60Co sources are also discussed. The damage is presented as a function of dose rate. Within the range of these measurements, for a fixed dose the damage increases with decreasing dose rate

Azimuthal separation in nearly back-to-back jet topologies in inclusive 2- and 3-jet events in pp collisions at √s=13Te

A measurement for inclusive 2- and 3-jet events of the azimuthal correlation between the two jets with the largest transverse momenta, Δϕ12, is presented. The measurement considers events where the two leading jets are nearly collinear (“back-to-back”) in the transverse plane and is performed for several ranges of the leading jet transverse momentum. Proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13Te and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb-1 are used. Predictions based on calculations using matrix elements at leading-order and next-to-leading-order accuracy in perturbative quantum chromodynamics supplemented with leading-log parton showers and hadronization are generally in agreement with the measurements. Discrepancies between the measurement and theoretical predictions are as large as 15%, mainly in the region 177 ∘&amp;lt; Δϕ12&amp;lt; 180 ∘. The 2- and 3-jet measurements are not simultaneously described by any of models. © 2019, CERN for the benefit of the CMS collaboration