Capacidade de infiltração em neossolo flúvico e cambissolo haplico no semiárido pernambucano

Estudos relacionados a dinâmica da água no solo do semiárido torna-se importante por se tratar de áreas com grande escassez hídrica, onde a infiltração de água no solo influencia diretamente na dinâmica do solo, rendimento das culturas e otimização do uso da água. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi avaliar a capacidade de infiltração básica do Neossolo Flúvico e do Cambissolo Háplico no semiárido Pernambucano, em períodos chuvoso e seco, através dos modelos equação de Horton e Kostiakov utilizando o método do infiltrômetro com anéis concêntricos do anel duplo. As características físicas dos solos estudados, foram classificados ambos com textura franco arenosa, com semelhanças na composição granulométrica. A capacidade de infiltração inicial foi alta com valor de 39,75 cm.h-1 para o Cambissolo, comparada com a do Neossolo para o período seco de 23,44 cm.h-1, assim como para o Neossolo 24,09 cm.h-1 e Cambissolo 24,84 cm.h-1 no período chuvoso. A capacidade de infiltração do Cambissolo Háplico se mostrou superior aos demais tratamentos, podendo estar relacionado a evolução estrutural deste solo em comparação ao Neossolo Flúvico. Tanto a equação de Kostiakov quanto a de Horton podem ser usados para estimar a taxa potencial de infiltração do solo in situ no semiárido.Studies related to water dynamics, without soil to make semi-arid, are important because they are areas with great water scarcity, where a infiltration of water does not only influence directly the soil dynamics, crop yield and optimization of water use. The general objective of the research was to evaluate the basic infiltration capacity of the Fluovian Neossolo and the Hapless Cambisol without semiarid Pernambuco, in rainy and dry periods, using the Horton and Kostiakov equation models, the infiltrator method with concentric double ring rings. The physical characteristics of the studied soils were classified with both sandy loam texture, with terms in the granulometric composition. The initial infiltration capacity was high with a value of 39.75 cm.h-1 for the Cambisols, compared with a Neosol for the dry period of 23.44 cm.h-1, as well as for the Neosol 24.09 cm. H-1 and Cambissolo 24.84 cm.h-1 in the rainy season. The infiltration capacity of the Hapol Cambisol showed to be superior to the other treatments, being able to be related to a structural development of this soil in comparison to the Flossic Neosol. Both the Kostiakov and Horton equations can be used to estimate the potential rate of soil infiltration in situ without semiarid.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPE

Soil pollution of urban origin: environmental management of solid waste in the municipalities of Pernambuco Center Agreste | Poluição do solo de origem urbana: gestão ambiental de resíduos sólidos nos municípios do Centro de Pernambuco Agreste

The Brazil has serious problems in the management of solid waste. The Pernambuco states occupies an area of approximately 98,146 square kilometers and is divided into 12 Regions Development, based on environmental, socioeconomic, cultural and geographic. The Northern Region Agreste has 19 municipalities with a population of approximately 430,222 habitants; the region faces problems of degradation and soil erosion, lack of sanitation, in addition to poor housing. Poor management and inadequate disposal have generated social and environmental impacts increasingly significant because the production system not only uses of natural resources, but also generates increasing amounts of materials in the form of waste on the environment. When using the landfill for final disposal of waste, this area suffers a high degree of negative environmental impacts such as contamination of the subsoil and groundwater in disposal sites. This research aims to present environmental problems on the management of municipal solid waste, its environmental damage of some municipalities of the Agreste and present some suggestions for programs and actions to improve environmental quality