2,599 research outputs found
Researching Dynamic Brand Competitiveness Based on Consumer Clicking Behavior
Analyzing brand dynamic competition relationship by using consumer sequential online click data, which was collected from JD.com. It is found that the competition intensity of the products across categories is quite different. Owing to the purchasing time of durable-like goods is more flexible, that is, the purchasing probability of such products changes more obviously over time. Therefore, we use the Local Polynomial Regression Model to analyze the relationship between the brand competition of durable-like goods and the purchasing probability of the specific brand. Finding that when brands increase at a half of the total market share for consumers cognition preference, the brands’ competitiveness is peak and makes no significant different from one hundred percent for consumer to complete a transaction. The findings contribute to brand competitiveness for setting up marketing strategy from the dynamic and online consumer behavior’s perspective
An Optimal Method For Product Selection By Using Online Ratings And Considering Search Costs
With the collecting and publishing data about consumers purchasing and browsing products at the platform of online, this data prodives new ways to better understand the consumers search behavior before purchase. How to base on consumers online search behavior and simutaneously consider offline experience costs is worth studying. An optimal method based on the utility of the attribute of product is proposed. The proposed method follows steps below. Firstly, based on the multi-attribute utility theory, the overall utility of product is calculated by using ratings data. Secondly, the overall utility is combined into the original sequential search model to find the optimal selection strategy. Thirdly, the candidate product sets arranged in descending order of the reservation utilities are finally obtained. Finally, taking the online ratings data provided by a comprehensive automobile website as an example, lastly the proposed method is simulated and compared with other method. The result shows that the proposed method is feasible and effective
Optimal Management of DC Pension Plan with Inflation Risk and Tail VaR Constraint
This paper investigates an optimal investment problem under the tail Value at
Risk (tail VaR, also known as expected shortfall, conditional VaR, average VaR)
and portfolio insurance constraints confronted by a defined-contribution
pension member. The member's aim is to maximize the expected utility from the
terminal wealth exceeding the minimum guarantee by investing his wealth in a
cash bond, an inflation-linked bond and a stock. Due to the presence of the
tail VaR constraint, the problem cannot be tackled by standard control tools.
We apply the Lagrange method along with quantile optimization techniques to
solve the problem. Through delicate analysis, the optimal investment output in
closed-form and optimal investment strategy are derived. A numerical analysis
is also provided to show how the constraints impact the optimal investment
output and strategy
Tetrakis[μ-3-(3-pyridyl)acrylato-κ2 O:O′]bis{(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)[3-(3-pyridyl)acrylato-κ2 O,O′]europium(III)} pentahydrate
The europiumIII ion in the title compound, [Eu2(C8H6NO2)6(C12H8N2)2]·5H2O, is coordinated by seven carboxylÂate O atoms and two N atoms from one phenanthroline molÂecule. The carboxylÂate groups of 3-(3-pyridÂyl)acrylate link pairs of europium(III) ions, forming centrosymmetric dinuclear units, which further assemble into a sheet parallel to the (001) plane through hydrogen-bonding interÂactions involving the uncoordinated water molÂecules. One water molecule is disordered
Spin transfer and polarization of antihyperons in lepton induced reactions
We study the polarization of antihyperon in lepton induced reactions such as
and with polarized beams using
different models for spin transfer in high energy fragmentation processes. We
compare the results with the available data and those for hyperons. We make
predictions for future experiments.Comment: 31 pages, 6 figures. submitted to Phys. Rev. D. content changed,
references adde
Self Sparse Generative Adversarial Networks
Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are an unsupervised generative model
that learns data distribution through adversarial training. However, recent
experiments indicated that GANs are difficult to train due to the requirement
of optimization in the high dimensional parameter space and the zero gradient
problem. In this work, we propose a Self Sparse Generative Adversarial Network
(Self-Sparse GAN) that reduces the parameter space and alleviates the zero
gradient problem. In the Self-Sparse GAN, we design a Self-Adaptive Sparse
Transform Module (SASTM) comprising the sparsity decomposition and feature-map
recombination, which can be applied on multi-channel feature maps to obtain
sparse feature maps. The key idea of Self-Sparse GAN is to add the SASTM
following every deconvolution layer in the generator, which can adaptively
reduce the parameter space by utilizing the sparsity in multi-channel feature
maps. We theoretically prove that the SASTM can not only reduce the search
space of the convolution kernel weight of the generator but also alleviate the
zero gradient problem by maintaining meaningful features in the Batch
Normalization layer and driving the weight of deconvolution layers away from
being negative. The experimental results show that our method achieves the best
FID scores for image generation compared with WGAN-GP on MNIST, Fashion-MNIST,
CIFAR-10, STL-10, mini-ImageNet, CELEBA-HQ, and LSUN bedrooms, and the relative
decrease of FID is 4.76% ~ 21.84%
How Neutral is the Intergalactic Medium at z ~ 6?
Recent observations of high redshift quasar spectra reveal long gaps with
little flux. A small or no detectable flux does not by itself imply the
intergalactic medium (IGM) is neutral. Inferring the average neutral fraction
from the observed absorption requires assumptions about clustering of the IGM,
which the gravitational instability model supplies. Our most stringent
constraint on the neutral fraction at z ~ 6 is derived from the mean Lyman-beta
transmission measured from the z=6.28 SDSS quasar of Becker et al. -- the
neutral hydrogen fraction at mean density has to be larger than 4.7 times
10^{-4}. This is substantially higher than the neutral fraction of ~ 3-5 times
10^{-5} at z = 4.5 - 5.7, suggesting that dramatic changes take place around or
just before z ~ 6, even though current constraints are still consistent with a
fairly ionized IGM at z ~ 6. An interesting alternative method to constrain the
neutral fraction is to consider the probability of having many consecutive
pixels with little flux, which is small unless the neutral fraction is high.
This constraint is slightly weaker than the one obtained from the mean
transmission. We show that while the derived neutral fraction at a given
redshift is sensitive to the power spectrum normalization, the size of the jump
around z ~ 6 is not. We caution that systematic uncertainties include spatial
fluctuations in the ionizing background, and the continuum placement. Tests are
proposed. In particular, the sightline to sightline dispersion in mean
transmission might provide a useful diagnostic. We express the dispersion in
terms of the transmission power spectrum, and develop a method to calculate the
dispersion for spectra that are longer than the typical simulation box.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures; ApJ accepted version; constraints revised due to
a revised power spectrum normalization in fiducial mode
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