Особенности внутренней позиции младших школьников с различной направленностью личности

The article submits some psychological features of the internal position of younger schoolchildren with various orientations of the personality. The basic directions of psychological support of the internal position of the personality of younger schoolchildren are proved in the article.В статье представлены некоторые психологические особенности внутренней позиции младших школьников с различной направленностью личности. Обоснованы основные направления психологического сопровождения внутренней позиции личности младших школьников

Craniology and odontology of the Early Medieval population alongside the Tobol river, based on Ustyug-1 burial ground

The article presents the results of craniological and odontological research based on a group of Ustyug-1 burial ground. The goal of the research is to determine genesis of the Bakal population from the Tobol river region of the Great Migration time. Morphology of the group was compared with the available data on the populations of the Early Iron Age, Early and High Middle Ages of this and adjacent regions. Their biological connection was determined. It was established that a dominant component in the Bakal population is genetically associated with Western Siberian population of the Early Iron Age. It is found out that by the IV–VI centuries AD the ancient multicomponent substrate of the Bakal group almost did not contain Caucasian morphological type. It was present only as a small admixture. The main component is the West Siberian short-faced Mongoloid complex. By the IX–XIII centuries, that component completely dominated in the paleopopulation structure. But a mixed population with Central Asian admixture came from the East in the Turkic period. A small proportion of this South Siberian morphological type is observed in the later Bakal groups. Superstrata component of Kushnarenkovo, which was identified basing on the archaeological materials, is not observed in the anthropological structure of the Bakal population. Odontology data gives a similar conclusion. A complex of odontology traits suggests heterogeneity of the group. Besides, Sargatka component was transformed under the influence of migration from the Eastern part of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia and Central Asia. Sargatka component in the Bakal group looks much more indistinct, compared with the population of the Baraba forest-steppe. Markers of the Southern gracile type almost disappear, being replaced by Western Siberian complex

Structure of alimentation of the bearers of the Odino culture from the Baraba forrest-steppe area (odonologic data)

The article is dedicated to reconstruction of paleodiet in three groups of the Odino archaeological culture from the burial sites of Sopka-2/4A, Tartas-1 and Preobrazhenka-6. The main goals of the article are to analyse carbohydrates and protein consumption, to determine the level of biological stress and to compare the Odinovo diet with the same features of the Neolithic — Late Bronze Age populations from the South region of Western Siberia. Chronological changes in the composition of the diet were analyzed too. Frequencies of dental pathologies allow us to suggest a complex composition of the diet in the Sopka-2/4A group where a low level of carbohydrates and prevalence of animal protein were presented. The level of the food stresses was low. There are no serious differences between men and women. Basing on the sample from Tartas-1, we can suggest a higher, than in Sopka-2/4A, level of carbohydrates consumption and also a low level of stress. There is a higher level of animal proteins in the late burials. Very high frequency of caries was found in the samples from Preobrazhenka-6, which indicates a high level of carbohydrates here. Also there is a high level of food stresses, which is respectively low in women than in men. Women from this site are characterized by lower frequency of ante-mortem tooth loss and caries than men. The results of the comparative analysis showed that the strategy of food consumption had been common for the population of the Baraba forrest and steppe area during at least three thousand years

Reconstruction and dynamics of food structure of the Odino people in the Baraba forest-steppe area during the 3rd millennium BC: according to archaeological and isotopic data

The paper aims at reconstructing the paleodiet of the Early Bronze Age population in the Baraba forest-steppe area of Western Siberia (the Odino culture). The study is based on materials of three large necropoleis of Sopka 2/4A, Tartas 1 and Preobrazhenka 6. Two chronological groups of the Odino culture burials have been defined by radiocarbon dating which gives us an opportunity to research the structure and changes in the paleodiet during the 3rd millennium BC. Reconstructions of the paleodiet are based on paleozoological determinations (including bone artifacts) and analyses of carbon (δ13С) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes in human and faunal bones (including some modern faunal samples). Results of isotopic measurements indicate that fish had formed a basic food component in the subsistence of the Odino population throughout the 3rd millennium BC. High values of δ15N in mushrooms (Boletaceae) do not exclude their important role along with fish in the human diet. A secondary food source for the Odino people was meat of herbivores and possibly also omnivores. The main game animal for the Odino population was an elk. Higher δ13С values in human bones in the last third of the 3rd millennium BC indicate changes in food sources. Preliminary, we associate this signal with an increased consumption of animal products of more southern origins (steppe?) by Odino people, which might be a result of the emergence of domesticated animals in economy

Matta, a Neolithic burial in Central Yakutia. Results of an anthropological analysis

The article is dedicated to the results of a complex anthropological investigation of the Late Neolithic Matta burial complex. The burial was found in Megino-Kangalas district of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) in 1996. Radiocarbon dates obtained from the human bones fall to the second half of the III millennium BC, the time when two Late Neolithic archaeological cultures — Ymyjakhtakh and Belkachi — existed in the region. Burial customs described in the Matta complex differ from both cultures because no grave goods and unusual position of the skeleton were found. The left arm was missing and a hare leg was put in the grave instead. The fragments of the scull, bones and teeth found in the grave were investigated using a complex research program. That included standard protocols of dental anthropological analysis, used in Russia and abroad (ASUDAS), cranial measurements using Martin’s program, and osteological analysis including measurements of bones and registration of enthesopathies, using Mariotti’s method. The results of analysis reveal that morphological features of the women buried in Matta’s grave were closer to Ymyjakhtakh population than to the Belcachi. The isotopic analysis of bone collagen (δ15N and δ13C) was also made. The results allow a suggestion about the prevalence of animal proteins in the Matta women’s diet, low level of fish proteins, and using local C4 plants for food

The woman’s burial of Atlasovskoe-2 of the xvii century in Central Yakutia: results of a complex research

This article presents a complex study of the female burial of the XVII century in Central Yakutia. The burial rite (traces of ritual roasting of the coffin, orientation to the North) and composition of the accompanying inventory (a knife of the non-Yakut origin, a sphero-conical top part of a headdress with a support for a plume, twin overlaid decorative details of the headdress’s crown, a composite pectoral panel picture of sewn-on patches, an earring in the form of a question mark with a biconical bead) determine the peculiarity of the burial, and their nearest parallels can be traced to the Medieval cultures of the Eurasian steppe and forest-steppe nomads, as well as to the population of the Siberian forest and tundra zones of the XVI–XIX centuries. Craniological characteristics of the buried woman draw her closer to the populations of Central Asian and Baikal anthropological types of the North Asian formation

Comprehensive study of the early Yakut Sergelyakh burial of the XV — beginning of the XVI centuries

The paper presents a comprehensive study of graves which relate to rare burial sites of the early stage of ethnic history of the Yakuts. The burial belongs to an equestrian warrior. It is confirmed by the findings of the horse harness and fragments of weapons, including a part of a Central Asian composite bow which is unique to the Yakuts, arrowheads and a blade of palma (Siberian pole weapon). The vertebral pathologies and morphological features of femurs also point at riding as a usual way of transportation. Multiple injuries of bones indicate to an aggressive lifestyle. The death of the man was caused by a penetrating injury of the head with a bladed weapon. Craniological characteristics of the man correspond to the South Siberian populations characterized by a combination of Caucasoid and Mongoloid features. In this case, the latter prevails. The ritual funerary complexes correspond to the Ust-Talkin culture, which alongside with cranial features of the man enable us to associate Sergelyakh burial with Turkic part of the Sakha people, which is epically correlated with the legendary Elley Bootur

Paleolithic Man of Denisova Cave and Zoogeography of Pleistocene Mammals of Northwestern Altai

Mammal population of the northwestern Altai included residents, autochthonous species, cosmopolitans, and migrants. The last clearly indicate biogeographical relationships of the biota of the Altai Mountains in the Pleistocene. Most of them penetrated into the Altai from the south. The majority of ungulates and rodents migrated from Central Asia. Yak, red dog, and snow leopard came from the Himalayas, Pamir, and Tien Shan. The natural environment of the Altai Mountains in the Pleistocene enabled migrations of these mammals from the south to north. The same opportunity was true of the ancient man. It is possible to assume that humans migrated from southeastern Asia and Indochina along the eastern foothills of the Himalayas and Nan Shan Mountains to the northwest, to the Zaisan Depression and Altai. This resulted in inevitable exchange of gene material of Paleolithic human populations of southeastern Asia and the Altai