Numerical Solutions for a Model of Tissue Invasion and Migration of Tumour Cells

The goal of this paper is to construct a new algorithm for the numerical simulations of the evolution of tumour invasion and metastasis. By means of mathematical model equations and their numerical solutions we investigate how cancer cells can produce and secrete matrix degradative enzymes, degrade extracellular matrix, and invade due to diffusion and haptotactic migration. For the numerical simulations of the interactions between the tumour cells and the surrounding tissue, we apply numerical approximations, which are spectrally accurate and based on small amounts of grid-points. Our numerical experiments illustrate the metastatic ability of tumour cells

Пути оптимизации интенсивной терапии инфекционных больных

Intensive care of patients with infectious diseases, as part of the resuscitation, in our country took root in clinical practice on stages – from the treatment of very severe forms of some infections (nosological approach) to differentiated treatment depending on the clinical and pathogenic syndromes critical states (internosological approach). Based on the analysis of intensive therapy in 1387 patients with various infections identified the main syndromes of critical states: infectious and toxic encephalopathy, toxic shock, dehydration syndrome (shock), acute respiratory, hepatic and renal failure. Shows the frequency of their development or threat for the most common diseases. In modern conditions, improve the efficiency of treatment of patients with extremely severe forms of infectious diseases can be achieved by preventive measures – preventive intensive therapy in the presence of high-risk factors, urgent and emergency measures in the infectious disease department at the methodological and direct participation of resuscitation services, the introduction of high-tech methods and means of treatment.Интенсивная терапия инфекционных больных как составная часть реаниматологии в нашей стране внедрялась в клиническую практику поэтапно – от лечения крайне тяжелых форм отдельных инфекций (нозологических подход) до дифференцированной терапии в зависимости от клинико-патогенетических синдромов критических состояний (интернозологический подход). На основании анализа интенсивной терапии 1387 больных различными инфекциями определены основные синдромы критических состояний: инфекционно-токсическая энцефалопатия, инфекционно-токсический шок, дегидратационный синдром (шок), острые дыхательная, печеночная и почечная недостаточности. Показана частота их развития или угрозы при наиболее часто встречающихся заболеваниях. В современных условиях повышению эффективности лечения больных крайне тяжелыми формами инфекционных заболеваний может быть достигнуто путем предупредительных мер – превентивной интенсивной терапии при наличии факторов повышенного риска, неотложных и экстренных мероприятий в инфекционном отделении при методологическом и непосредственном участии реаниматологической службы, внедрения высокотехнологических методов и средств лечения

Light-induced formation of dimeric LHCII

It emerges from numerous experiments that LHCII, the major photosynthetic antenna complex of plants, can appear not only in the trimeric or monomeric states but also as a dimer. We address the problem whether the dimeric form of the complex is just a simple intermediate element of the trimer–monomer transformation or if it can also be a physiologically relevant molecular organization form? Dimers of LHCII were analyzed with application of native electrophoresis, time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The results reveal the appearance of two types of LHCII dimers: one formed by the dissociation of one monomer from the trimeric structure and the other formed by association of monomers into a distinctively different molecular organizational form, characterized by a high rate of chlorophyll excitation quenching. The hypothetical structure of such an energy quencher is proposed. The high light-induced LHCII dimerization is discussed as a potential element of the photoprotective response in plants

Acute benefits of the microbial-derived isoflavone metabolite equol on arterial stiffness in men prospectively recruited according to equol producer phenotype: a double-blind randomized controlled trial

There is much speculation with regard to the potential cardioprotective benefits of equol, a microbial-derived metabolite of the isoflavone daidzein, which is produced in the large intestine after soy intake in 30% of Western populations. Although cross-sectional and retrospective data support favorable associations between the equol producer (EP) phenotype and cardiometabolic health, few studies have prospectively recruited EPs to confirm this association. The aim was to determine whether the acute vascular benefits of isoflavones differ according to EP phenotype and subsequently investigate the effect of providing commercially produced S-(–)equol to non-EPs. We prospectively recruited male EPs and non-EPs (n = 14/ group) at moderate cardiovascular risk into a double-blind, placebocontrolled crossover study to examine the acute effects of soy isoflavones (80-mg aglycone equivalents) on arterial stiffness [carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity (cfPWV)], blood pressure, endothelial function (measured by using the EndoPAT 2000; Itamar Medical), and nitric oxide at baseline (0 h) and 6 and 24 h after intake. In a separate assessment, non-EPs consumed 40 mg S-(–)equol with identical vascular measurements performed 2 h after intake. After soy intake, cfPWV significantly improved in EPs at 24 h (cfPWV change from 0 h: isoflavone, 20.2 6 0.2 m/s; placebo, 0.6 6 0.2 m/s; P , 0.01), which was significantly associated with plasma equol concentrations (R = 20.36, P = 0.01). No vascular effects were observed in EPs at 6 h or in non-EPs at any time point. Similarly, no benefit of commercially produced S-(–)equol was observed in non-EPs despite mean plasma equol concentrations reaching 3.2 mmol/L. Acute soy intake improved cfPWV in EPs, equating to an 11–12% reduced risk of cardiovascular disease if sustained. However, a single dose of commercially produced equol had no cardiovascular benefits in non-EPs. These data suggest that the EP phenotype is critical in unlocking the vascular benefits of equol in men, and long-term trials should focus on confirming the implications of EP phenotype on cardiovascular health. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01530893. Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.125690

ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ ПОЛИМОРФИЗМОВ ГЕНА ИЛ-28В, КЛИНИКО-ЛАБОРАТОРНЫХ И ВИРУСОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ПРИ ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ HCV-ИНФЕКЦИИ

For the purpose of clinical laboratory and virologic characteristics of chronic HCV-infection, depending on the gene polymorphisms of IL-28B were examined 104patients. In 70 patients (50 – with genotype 1 and 20 – with genotypes 2 and 3) treated with pegylated interferon-α2a (PIFN) and ribavirin (RBV), evaluated the frequency of sustained virologic response (SVR). According to the results of the study it was found that the patients with HCV had a sufficiently high frequency of registration of «favorable» prognostic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs12979860 CC (23.1%) and rs8099917 TT gene IL-28B (50,9%). On therapy of PIFN and RBV SVR frequency rate in patients with chronic hepatitis C (genotype 1)and SNPs CC rs12979860 (82,4%) was significantly higher than the efficiency of treatment in patients without this polymorphism (45,5%). In chronic HCV-infection (genotypes 2 and 3) SVR was observed significantly more frequently in patients who have both IL28B CC polymorphism rs12979860, and TT for rs8099917 (88,8%).С целью изучения клинико-лабораторной и вирусологической характеристики хронической HCV- инфекции в зависимости от полиморфизмов гена ИЛ-28В было обследовано 104 больных. У 70 пациентов (50 – с генотипом 1 и 20 – с генотипами 2 и 3), получавших пегилированный интерферон-α2a (ПИФН) и рибавирин (РБВ), оценивалась частота устойчивого вирусологического ответа (УВО). По результатам проведенного исследования было установлено, что у больных ХГС отмечалась достаточно высокая частота регистрации «благоприятных» в прогностическом плане однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов (ОНП) rs12979860 СС (23,1%) и rs8099917 ТТ гена ИЛ-28В (50,9%). На фоне противовирусной терапии ПИФН и РБВ частота формирования УВО у пациентов с ХГС (генотип 1) и ОНП СС по rs12979860 (82,4%) статистически значимо превышала эффективность лечения больных без данного полиморфизма (45,5%). При хронической HCV- инфекции (генотипы 2 и 3) УВО достоверно чаще наблюдался у пациентов, имеющих как полиморфизм гена IL28B СС rs12979860, так и ТТ по rs8099917 (88,8%)

СКРЫТАЯ («ОККУЛЬТНАЯ») HBV-ИНФЕКЦИЯ (КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ)

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Numerical experiments with model equations of cancer invasion of tissue

In this paper we investigate a mathematical model of cancer invasion of tissue, which incorporates haptotaxis, chemotaxis, proliferation and degradation rates for cancer cells and the extracellular matrix, kinetics of urokinase receptor, and urokinase plasminogen activator cycle. We solve the model using spectrally accurate approximations and compare its numerical solutions with laboratory data. The spectral accuracy allows to use low-dimensional matrices and vectors, which speeds up the computations of the numerical solutions and thus to estimate the parameter values for the model equations. Our numerical results demonstrate correlations between numerical data computed from the mathematical model and in vivo tumour growth rates from prostate cell lines

Numerical Experiments with Model Equations of Cancer Invasion of Tissue

In this paper we investigate a mathematical model of cancer invasion of tissue, which incorporates haptotaxis, chemotaxis, proliferation and degradation rates for cancer cells and the extracellular matrix, kinetics of urokinase receptor, and urokinase plasminogen activator cycle. We solve the model using spectrally accurate approximations and compare its numerical solutions with laboratory data. The spectral accuracy allows to use low-dimensional matrices and vectors, which speeds up the computations of the numerical solutions and thus to estimate the parameter values for the model equations. Our numerical results demonstrate correlations between numerical data computed from the mathematical model and in vivo tumour growth rates from prostate cell lines