ASSESSMENT MODEL OF QUALITY AND DEMAND FOR EDUCATIONAL SERVICES CONSIDERING THE CONSUMERS’ OPINION

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to develop an integrative, structural and functional, indicative, aggregating, algorithmic, the multi-criteria model for assessing the quality and demand for educational services of higher education considering the consumers’ opinion. Methodology: The leading research method of the indicated problem was the assessment of various aspects of educational relations in the process of complex diagnostics of the studied phenomena, which includes: preliminary system model of research, interpretation and operationalization of the basic concepts included in it; relevant means of fixation of primary characteristics; the order of data collection; algorithm of analysis and data processing in order to obtain a rating assessment proposed as a mechanism for assessing the quality and demand for educational services with the participation of consumers. Result: The authors substantiate the inclusion in the system of indicators of both objective characteristics: the professional status of graduates of higher educational institutions (the share of employed, the level of wages, the area of employment), the status of educational programs (social and professional accreditation), and their subjective characteristics, expressed in: the formation of professional competencies of graduates (including hard skills and soft skills), which together characterize their professional subjectivity. The materials of the article are of practical value for government agencies, heads of educational institutions, rating agencies, representatives of organizations-employers, applicants, their parents, and students. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Assessment model of quality and demand for educational services considering the consumers’ opinion is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Sona transition studies in the RHIC OPPIS.

In Optically Pumped Polarized Ion Sources (OPPIS), the atomic beam is first electron polarized, and then this polarization is transferred to the nucleus by a suitable perturbing magnetic field. In the BNL OPPIS, the electron polarized atomic beam experiences the perturbing field when it traverses a region where the axial magnetic field reverses direction in a controlled manner, strength and gradient. This is the so-called Sona Transition region, named after P. G. Sona, who fist suggested the technique. We have extensively studied how the magnetic field profile in the Sona region affects beam polarization. In these studies, we have observed oscillations in polarization for certain field profiles, and tried to explain them. We report on these studies

TOWARDS 100% POLARIZATION IN THE OPTICALLY-PUMPED POLARIZED ION SOURCE.

The depolarization factors in the multi-step spin-transfer polarization technique and basic limitations on maximum polarization in the OPPIS (Optically-Pumped Polarized H{sup -} Ion Source) are discussed. Detailed studies of polarization losses in the RHIC OPPIS and the source parameters optimization resulted in the OPPIS polarization increase to 86-90%. This contributed to increasing polarization in the AGS and RHIC to 65-70%

ЧИСЛЕННАЯ ОЦЕНКА СТОИМОСТИ ЖИЗНИ ЧЕЛОВЕКА В РОССИИ И В МИРЕ

The authors of the article present modern approaches to the assessment of the value of human life abroad and in contemporary Russia, which can be used to determine the fair amount of compensation payments to victims in emergency situations of various natures. To this end, a wide range of initial data was used: the results of Russian and international sociological surveys, statistics of Rosstat, the World Bank, and other international databases. The analysis of the legislation carried out by the authors showed that the value of human life in Russia fixed in the normative acts is from 0.5 to 9.2 million roubles. The authors obtained estimates of material losses for the national economy due to the premature death of the average person as a result of emergency situations and for the individual household — they amount to 31.7 and 7.9–10.5 million roubles respectively (in 2017 prices). The authors also provided estimates of the value of the life of the average person in Russia, obtained on the basis of sociological surveys conducted in 2017. The average value of human life in Russia, obtained by methods of sociology, is 5.2 million roubles; the median value is 1.4 million roubles. The article presents the author’s method of assessing the value of human life, taking into account the material and moral damage caused to the family of the deceased, built on the balance of average life expectancy, per capita final consumption, and satisfaction of the population of different countries with their lives. As an equivalent of people’s satisfaction with their lives, the authors also used data on the level of domestic violence in society and the balance of migration flows, both at the national and regional levels. Within the framework of this method, the value of the life of the average person is the average increase in the level of individual consumption, necessary to restore a normal level of satisfaction with their lives in conditions of increased mortality and reduction of the average life expectancy. The article presents also the author’s calculations performed by this method for different groups of countries. It is shown that the total value of human life in the world as a whole is 4.6–4.7 million uS dollars in 2011 prices. In the group of countries with per capita consumption of more than 10 thousand uS dollars the value of human life reaches 18.5 million dollars per year. In the group of countries with incomes below this mark, the value of human life reaches 0.5–1.9 million dollars. According to the authors, in Russia, the “value” of human life should be 51–61 million roubles in the prices of 2017 (about 1 million uS dollars depending on the official exchange rate). The results of the study of the quantitative assessment of the value of human life in Russia are correlated with the conclusions about the social need for just compensation of the damage suffered by the families of the victims of natural, man-made and other emergencies.Приводятся современные подходы к оценке стоимости жизни человека за рубежом и в современной России, которые могут быть использованы для определения справедливого размера компенсационных выплат потерпевшим в чрезвычайных ситуациях различного характера. Привлечен широкий перечень исходных данных: результаты российских и международных социологических опросов, статистика Росстата, Всемирного банка и иных международных баз данных.Анализ законодательства показал, что закрепленная в нормативных актах стоимость жизни человека в России составляет от 0,5 до 9,2 млн руб. Получены оценки материальных потерь из-за преждевременной смерти среднестатистического человека в результате чрезвычайных ситуаций для национальной экономики и для отдельного домохозяйства — они составляют 31,7 и 7,9–10,5 млн руб. соответственно (в ценах 2017 г.). Приводятся оценки стоимости жизни среднестатистического человека в России, полученные на основании социологических опросов, проведенных в 2017 г. Оценка среднего значения стоимости жизни в России, полученная методами социологии, составляет 5,2 млн руб., медианное значение — 1,4 млн руб.Приводится авторская методика оценки стоимости человеческой жизни с учетом материального и морального ущерба, нанесенного семье погибшего, построенная на балансировании средней ожидаемой продолжительности жизни, душевого конечного потребления и удовлетворенности населения различных стран своей жизнью. В качестве эквивалента удовлетворенности людей своей жизнью также используются данные об уровне домашнего насилия в обществе и сальдо миграционных потоков — как на национальном, так и региональном уровне. В рамках данной методики стоимость жизни среднестатистического человека — это средняя прибавка в уровне индивидуального потребления, необходимая для восстановления нормального уровня удовлетворенности людей своей жизнью в условиях повышенной смертности и снижения средней ожидаемой продолжительности жизни.Приводятся расчеты, выполненные по данной методике для различных групп стран мира. Показано, что общая стоимость человеческой жизни в мире в целом составляет 4,6–4,7 млн долл. США в ценах 2011 г. В группе стран с душевым потреблением более 10 тыс. долл. в год стоимость жизни увеличивается до 18,5 млн долл. В группе стран с доходом ниже этой отметки стоимость жизни составляет 0,5–1,9 млн долл. США.По оценке авторов, в России стоимость человеческой жизни должна составлять 51–61 млн руб. в ценах 2017 г. (около 1 млн долл. США в зависимости от официального курса обмена валют).Полученные результаты исследования количественной оценки стоимости человеческой жизни в России соотносятся с выводами о социальной необходимости справедливого возмещения понесенного ущерба семьям погибших в результате чрезвычайных ситуаций природного, техногенного и иного характеров

The RHIC Optically-Pumped Polarized H Ion Source.

The depolarization factors in the multi-step spin-transfer polarization technique and basic limitations on maximum polarization in the OPPIS (Optically-Pumped Polarized H{sup -} Ion Source) are discussed. Detailed studies of polarization losses in the RHIC OPPIS and the source parameters optimization resulted in the OPPIS polarization increase to 86-90%. This contributed to increasing polarization in the AGS and RHIC to 65-70%

Как придать импульс развитию российской экономики: приоритеты действий (предложения к Основным направлениям деятельности Правительства РФ до 2024 г.)

This report was prepared by the staff of the Institute for Economic Forecast of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation. It gives suggestions to implement priority measures to facilitate the transfer the Russian economy to the direction defined by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation (est. May 7, 2018). The report also highlights priority directions of the economic policy, primarily in investment activity, development of the domestic market, as well as financial and organizational support for the suggested actions.В докладе, подготовленном сотрудниками Института народнохозяйственного прогнозирования РАН и Финансового университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации, представлены предложения по первоочередным мерам, способствующим переводу российской экономики на траекторию, определенную Указом Президента Российской Федерации от 07.05.2018. Выделены приоритетные направления  экономической политики, прежде всего, в инвестиционной деятельности, развитии внутреннего рынка, а также финансового и организационного обеспечения предлагаемых мер

QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE VALUE OF HUMAN LIFE IN RUSSIA AND IN THE WORLD

The authors of the article present modern approaches to the assessment of the value of human life abroad and in contemporary Russia, which can be used to determine the fair amount of compensation payments to victims in emergency situations of various natures. To this end, a wide range of initial data was used: the results of Russian and international sociological surveys, statistics of Rosstat, the World Bank, and other international databases. The analysis of the legislation carried out by the authors showed that the value of human life in Russia fixed in the normative acts is from 0.5 to 9.2 million roubles. The authors obtained estimates of material losses for the national economy due to the premature death of the average person as a result of emergency situations and for the individual household — they amount to 31.7 and 7.9–10.5 million roubles respectively (in 2017 prices). The authors also provided estimates of the value of the life of the average person in Russia, obtained on the basis of sociological surveys conducted in 2017. The average value of human life in Russia, obtained by methods of sociology, is 5.2 million roubles; the median value is 1.4 million roubles. The article presents the author’s method of assessing the value of human life, taking into account the material and moral damage caused to the family of the deceased, built on the balance of average life expectancy, per capita final consumption, and satisfaction of the population of different countries with their lives. As an equivalent of people’s satisfaction with their lives, the authors also used data on the level of domestic violence in society and the balance of migration flows, both at the national and regional levels. Within the framework of this method, the value of the life of the average person is the average increase in the level of individual consumption, necessary to restore a normal level of satisfaction with their lives in conditions of increased mortality and reduction of the average life expectancy. The article presents also the author’s calculations performed by this method for different groups of countries. It is shown that the total value of human life in the world as a whole is 4.6–4.7 million uS dollars in 2011 prices. In the group of countries with per capita consumption of more than 10 thousand uS dollars the value of human life reaches 18.5 million dollars per year. In the group of countries with incomes below this mark, the value of human life reaches 0.5–1.9 million dollars. According to the authors, in Russia, the “value” of human life should be 51–61 million roubles in the prices of 2017 (about 1 million uS dollars depending on the official exchange rate). The results of the study of the quantitative assessment of the value of human life in Russia are correlated with the conclusions about the social need for just compensation of the damage suffered by the families of the victims of natural, man-made and other emergencies

Multifunctionality of nitrogen oxide compounds as a basis for preparation of practically important cellulose materials

The experience of using the multifunctional character of nitrogen oxide compounds (N204, N02, N203, HN03) in cellulose chemistry and technology is summarized. The approach discussed is based on the ability of the nitrogen oxide compounds to act as multi-purpose reagents with respect to cellulose, enabling oxidation, nitrosation, nitration, hydrolytic cleavage or adduct formation to be performed on cellulose, depending on reaction conditions. It is often possible to perform simultaneously several chemical or/and structural cellulose modifications using a sole reagent in a «one-pot» process. High solubility of nitrates formed from mineral components of vegetal tissues, along with high reactivity of HN03 toward lignin that occurs together with cellulose, provide the possibility of selective extraction of radionuclides in the course of nitric acid delignification of contaminated vegetal material. In this review, examples are given of effective use of multiple functionality of nitrogen oxide compounds in the preparation of such practically important materials as totally or partially substituted cellulose acetates soluble in organic solvents, water-soluble polysaccharide sulphates with low degree of substitution, powder forms of cellulose hydrate and of carboxylated cellulose in both structurally disordered and microcrystalline forms, as well as in isolation of radionuclide-free cellulose and nitrolignin from contaminated agricultural residues

High-intensity, high-brightness polarized and unpolarized beam production in charge-exchange collisions

Basic limitations on the high-intensity H{sup -} ion beam production were experimentally studied in charge-exchange collisions of the neutral atomic hydrogen beam in the Na-vapour jet ionizer cell. These studies are the part of the polarized source upgrade (to 10 mA peak current and 85% polarization) project for RHIC. In the source the atomic hydrogen beam of a 5-10 keV energy and total (equivalent) current up to 5 A is produced by neutralization of proton beam in pulsed hydrogen gas target. Formation of the proton beam (from the surface of the plasma emitter with a low transverse ion temperature {approx}0.2 eV) is produced by four-electrode spherical multi-aperture ion-optical system with geometrical focusing. The hydrogen atomic beam intensity up to 1.0 A/cm{sup 2} (equivalent) was obtained in the Na-jet ionizer aperture of a 2.0 cm diameter. At the first stage of the experiment H-beam with 36 mA current, 5 keV energy and {approx}1.0 cm {center_dot} mrad normalized emittance was obtained using the flat grids and magnetic focusing

The RHIC polarized source upgrade

The RHIC polarized H{sup -} ion source is being upgraded to higher intensity (5-10 mA) and polarization for use in the RHIC polarization physics program at enhanced luminosity RHIC operation. The higher beam peak intensity will allow reduction of the transverse beam emittance at injection to AGS to reduce polarization losses in AGS. There is also a planned RHIC luminosity upgrade by using the electron beam lens to compensate the beam-beam interaction at collision points. This upgrade is also essential for future BNL plans for a high-luminosity electron - proton (ion) Collider eRHIC