ESTIMATION OF LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE USING LANDSAT TM THERMAL INFRARED IN SELANGOR-NEGERI SEMBILAN

A full-scene of Landsat TM acquired on April 17, 1988 (path 127/row58) was used in this study. This scene covers the areas of Selangor and north part of Negeri Sembilan in Peninsular Malaysia. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the use of remote sensed information, especially thermal band 6 to gain land surface temperature (LST) using thermal band of Landsat images. The result will be compared with urban and non-urban surfaces by using normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and compare relationships between them. The initial result showed that the correlation between the LST and the NDVI over ten locations in the study area is quite significant. The derivation of LST map using remote sensing technique in this study is useful in providing information for analysing geophysical parameters over Selangor-Negeri Sembilan area, especially dealing with the urban heat island phenomenon

Determination of elastic properties of holomium phospate glasses via ultrasonic technique

The elastic properties of holmium phosphate xHo2O3 (1-x)P2O5 glasses with different compositions containing from 10 to 25 mole% Ho2O3 has been determined via ultrasonic technique as functions of temperature from 270 K to 303 K. By using ultrasonic measurement system, the velocities of ultrasonic propagate wave could be used to estimate the elastic properties of glasses. Hence, it could determine the elastic modulus C11 and C44, Young’s modulus (E), bulk modulus (B) and Poisson ratio (s ). From the results, it shows that an addition of Ho2O3 into phosphate glass system produced the variation of wave velocities thus effected the elastic properties of glass sample. The mechanism of chain entanglement effects of PO2 groups and the reduction of non-bridging oxygens by the modified rare earth cations seem to play significant roles to enhance the strength of our glasses as presented in our experimental observations of high values of elastic moduli

Structural Studies of NiTe2 Thin Films with the Influence of Amino-additives

Background: Nickel, one of the transition metals synthesised with chalcogenides such as Se, S and Te with possible combinations of nickel chalcogenides such as NiS2, NiSe, NiSe2 and Ni3Se2. The combination of nickel and telluride are the fewest being observed due to the nature of tellurium that is relatively heavier than both sulphur and selenium, thus poorly-adhesive onto the substrate. Methods: Therefore, NiTe2 thin film is being synthesised onto the indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates with the complex additives (Triethanolamine, TEA and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, EDTA) and their properties are studied. The present work is focusing on the NiTe2 synthesise through electrochemical route. Results: Cyclic voltammetry experiments have been done prior to electrodeposition in order to get the electrodeposition potential range. The observable reduction range is between -0.9-(-1.1) V with 5-10 min induction period of full thin film distribution depending upon the electrolyte conditions. Conclusion: The electrodeposition is carried out using the potentials in the reduction region, producing the well-adherent, well-distributed and dark-coloured thin films. Structural studies confirm the presence of NiTe2 in electrolyte containing TEA with crystallite sizes lying on the 9 – 20 nm range

University-Community Engagement in Malaysia:Practices and Prospects

Introduction Universities can no longer operate as ivory towers independent of society. They must play active roles as members of the society towards developing the community (Ruben, 2004, p.1). There are also authors who ..

HRTEM analysis of magnetron sputtered Ni4Al thin films

The nanostructural characteristics of direct-current magnetron sputter-deposited Ni4Al alloy films were studied during in situ isothermal annealing in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). An expansion of the lattice by nearly 5% was observed for the synthesized films in their low-thickness and as-deposited state. The lattice size approaches the bulk value when the film thickness increases or after vacuum annealing heat-treatment. The Ni4Al films have a nanocrystalline structure in which the ordered L12 phase appears upon annealing at above 500°C. A grain coalescence trend was found for the Ni4Al films during the in situ annealing above 500°C. This can be the main reason for the abnormal grain growth of these films at these high temperatures