Comparison of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Serological and Histology Tests for Helicobacter Pylori in Patients with Dyspepsia and Metabolic Syndrome

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a major cause of chronic gastritis, especially in metabolic syndrome patients. The use of a accessible and easy diagnostic method, can speed up the treatment of this infection This study compared two methods of histology and serology for diagnosis of H. pylori in metabolic syndrome patients.Methods: This study was done on 175 metabolic syndrome patients with dyspepsia referred to Shahroud Imam Hossain hospital in 2014. From each patient, standard biopsy and serology tests were taken with endoscopy. This data will be analyzed with sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value.Results: Of the 175 patients studied, 90 (51.4%) were male and 85 (48.6%) were female. The mean patient age was 46.9±18.6 years. From 175 patients, 114(65.1%)  and 149 (85.3%) patients tested positive by serology and histology, respectively. For the serological test, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 66.4%, 42.3%, 86.8%, and 18.1%. It was also found that with IgG values higher than 1.3, there was a sensitivity of 90.7%, and specificity of 72.8%, which was considered a positive test. The cut-off point performance test means that  maximum at this point with 78.3% the area under the curve (AUC),  there is the highest sensitivity and specificity.Conclusions: Due to the relative sensitivity and specificity of serological tests in comparison with other diagnostic methods as well as the simplicity, speed, and low cost, it is recommended that this test be used for screening metabolic syndrome patients

Comparison of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Serological and Histology Tests for Helicobacter Pylori in Patients with Dyspepsia and Metabolic Syndrome

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a major cause of chronic gastritis, especially in metabolic syndrome patients. The use of a accessible and easy diagnostic method, can speed up the treatment of this infection This study compared two methods of histology and serology for diagnosis of H. pylori in metabolic syndrome patients.Methods: This study was done on 175 metabolic syndrome patients with dyspepsia referred to Shahroud Imam Hossain hospital in 2014. From each patient, standard biopsy and serology tests were taken with endoscopy. This data will be analyzed with sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value.Results: Of the 175 patients studied, 90 (51.4%) were male and 85 (48.6%) were female. The mean patient age was 46.9±18.6 years. From 175 patients, 114(65.1%)  and 149 (85.3%) patients tested positive by serology and histology, respectively. For the serological test, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 66.4%, 42.3%, 86.8%, and 18.1%. It was also found that with IgG values higher than 1.3, there was a sensitivity of 90.7%, and specificity of 72.8%, which was considered a positive test. The cut-off point performance test means that  maximum at this point with 78.3% the area under the curve (AUC),  there is the highest sensitivity and specificity.Conclusions: Due to the relative sensitivity and specificity of serological tests in comparison with other diagnostic methods as well as the simplicity, speed, and low cost, it is recommended that this test be used for screening metabolic syndrome patients

The Evaluation of Relationship between Oral Contraceptive Usages with Psychiatry Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to a set of physical, psychological or behavioral symptoms occurring in ovulation cycles, which in some ways disturbs a person's activities. The aim of study was to investigate the relationship between previous use of contraceptive pills and psychological symptoms of PMS.  Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among all female students of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. Samples were selected by simple census and were provided a standard questionnaire for measuring the PMS. Significant level was set at 0.05.  Results: 65.5% of the participants had some degree of PMS. The use of OCP significantly reduced some PMS related symptoms such as depression (Pvalue=0.039), sadness (Pvalue=0.012), sobering up (Pvalue=0.003) and anger (Pvalue=0.032).  Conclusions: The results of this study showed the use of OCP can clearly and significantly reduce some of the symptoms associated with PMS, such as depression, sadness and sobering up, and anger.  Key words: PMS, OCP, Psychiatry Symptoms. &nbsp

Evaluation of Relationship between Oral Contraceptive Usages with Psychiatry Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to a set of physical, psychological or behavioral symptoms occurring in ovulation cycles, which in some ways disturbs a person's activities. The aim of study was to investigate the relationship between previous use of contraceptive pills and psychological symptoms of PMS.  Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among all female students of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. Samples were selected by simple census and were provided a standard questionnaire for measuring the PMS. Significant level was set at 0.05.  Results: 65.5% of the participants had some degree of PMS. The use of OCP significantly reduced some PMS related symptoms such as depression (Pvalue=0.039), sadness (Pvalue=0.012), sobering up (Pvalue=0.003) and anger (Pvalue=0.032).  Conclusions: The results of this study showed the use of OCP can clearly and significantly reduce some of the symptoms associated with PMS, such as depression, sadness and sobering up, and anger.  Key words: PMS, OCP, Psychiatry Symptoms. &nbsp

The Relationship between Uric Acid and Blood Glucose in Diabetic Patients

Background: some studies have shown that there is a correlation between serum uric acid and blood glucose levels so that these changes are not exactly clear. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between uric acid and blood glucose in diabetic patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 190 type 2 diabetic (DM) patients in Shahroud by convenience sampling method. FBS, uric acid, triglyceride, and total cholesterol under standard conditions were measured. Patients were divided into four groups in terms of uric acid level. Results: In this study, 53.7% of patients were male. The average age of cases was 58.3 ± 13.5 years. There was a significant difference in uric acid between age groups (Pvalue<0.023), educational levels (Pvalue<0.041), BMI (Pvalue<0.012) and cholesterol (Pvalue<0.002) groups. Also, there was a significant reverse relationship between mean FBS (Pvalue<0.001), blood glucose two hours after feeding (Pvalue<0.001), and HbA1c (Pvalue<0.02) with different levels of uric acid. Conclusions: The results showed that there was a significant and reversal relationship between the levels of uric acid and glucose levels. In order to control the level of uric acid, the level of glucose in these patients is also to be measured and controlled. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Blood glucose, Uric acid.   &nbsp

Comparison of the Effect of Inhalational Isoflurane-Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia and Intravenous Propofol-Remifentanil Anesthesia on Postoperative Pain

Background: The severity of postoperative pain varies widely in the different types of anesthesia. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of isoflurane-nitrous oxide anesthesia and propofol-remifentanil anesthesia on postoperative pain after foot and ankle surgery. Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial, 60 eligible patients were divided into two equal intervention and control groups; the first group inhaled anesthesia with isoflurane-nitrous oxide and the control group were given intravenous anesthesia with propofol-remifentanil using the quadruple random block model and postoperative pain intensity was measured and compared in the two groups. Data on pain severity were collected at different times and analyzed using SPSS statistical software and related tests. The significant level was set at 0.05.   Results: Of the 60 participants, 38 (52.4%) were male and 22 (47.6%) were female. The mean age of the participants was 33.9±15.1 years. The intensity of pain in the recovery room and up to 4 hours after surgery was significantly (Pvalue<0.001) lower in the intervention group but after 4 hours there was no significant difference between the two groups. So, it can be seen in the present study that there was a significant decrease (Pvalue<0.036) in the number of cases requiring analgesics prescribed in the recovery room and up to 4 hours after surgery in the intervention group. Conclusions: According to the results, evaporation anesthetic isoflurane-nitrous oxide can be used in the stage of induction of anesthesia in orthopedic surgeries, and has achieved good results in reducing pain, especially during the first 4 hours, postoperative. Key Words: Isoflurane, Propofol, Inhaler Anesthesia, IV Anesthesia, Postoperative Pai

Comparison of the Effect of Ciprofloxacin and Nalidixic Acid in the Infection of Different Parts of the Urinary Tract

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections. The most common cause is Escherichia coli. This research is done with the aim at compare effect of ciprofloxacin with nalidixic acid in the infection of different parts of the urinary tract.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 130 patients with symptoms of the urinary tract infection referred to Imam Hossain Hospital of Shahrood were studied. For the all patients, urine samples were collected by standard method and urine analysis and culture was performed. Then, positive culture samples were tested by antibiogram and the resistance rate for the two antibiotics ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid and MBC and MIC was investigated.Results: Of the 130 patients with symptoms of UTI (fever, flank pain or tenderness and dysuria, urgency or frequency (84 patients had positive urine culture. Of all patients with positive urine, 31 cases had symptoms of pyelonephritis, 25 patients had symptoms of cystitis and 28 patients had symptoms of UTI. In antibiogram for positive urine samples, 21 pieces were resistant to ciprofloxacin and 46 pieces were resistant to nalidixic acid which significantly reduced resistance to ciprofloxacin (P=0.005). There was no significant difference between the two antibiotics in place of clinical symptoms and drug resistance. So there was no significant difference between the two MIC and MBC in place of clinical symptoms and drug resistance.Conclusions: This study showed that ciprofloxacin is more effective in controlling infection of different parts of the urinary tract due to less drug resistance

Association between Serum Thyroid Hormones and Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. Given the lack of definitive documentation for the effect of thyroid gland disorders on fatty liver, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between serum thyroid hormones levels and fatty liver in patients referring to Imam Hossain Hospital in Shahroud, in 2016.Methods: This case-control study was performed on 150 patients. The case group consisted of fatty liver patients whose disease was diagnosed based on laboratory and ultrasound findings, and a control group of patients with any other diseases without fatty liver. After liver ultrasonography, blood samples were taken from all patients and thyroid hormones levels were measured.Results: Of the 150 patients examined, the mean BMI of the patients was 24.79±6.9 kg / m2, which was significantly higher in the case group (P<0.012). The mean FBS level, was 131.5±83.5 mg / dl, which was significantly higher (P<0.001) in the case group. Similarly, the mean of TG was 245.5±128.5 mg / dl, which was significantly higher in the case group (P<0.047). On the other hand, the mean LDL of patients was 145.5±30.5 mg / dl, which was significantly higher (P<0.012) in patients with fatty liver. Further, the mean TSH of patients was significantly higher in the case group (P<0.014). Finally, there were no significant differences between the two groups regarding other variables.Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that thyroid gland disorders, especially hypothyroidism, were significantly higher in patients with fatty liver than in other patients. Nevertheless, they could not be influential in the incidence, exacerbation and persistence of fatty liver as a favorable factor

Association between Serum Thyroid Hormones and Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. Given the lack of definitive documentation for the effect of thyroid gland disorders on fatty liver, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between serum thyroid hormones levels and fatty liver in patients referring to Imam Hossain Hospital in Shahroud, in 2016.Methods: This case-control study was performed on 150 patients. The case group consisted of fatty liver patients whose disease was diagnosed based on laboratory and ultrasound findings, and a control group of patients with any other diseases without fatty liver. After liver ultrasonography, blood samples were taken from all patients and thyroid hormones levels were measured.Results: Of the 150 patients examined, the mean BMI of the patients was 24.79±6.9 kg / m2, which was significantly higher in the case group (P<0.012). The mean FBS level, was 131.5±83.5 mg / dl, which was significantly higher (P<0.001) in the case group. Similarly, the mean of TG was 245.5±128.5 mg / dl, which was significantly higher in the case group (P<0.047). On the other hand, the mean LDL of patients was 145.5±30.5 mg / dl, which was significantly higher (P<0.012) in patients with fatty liver. Further, the mean TSH of patients was significantly higher in the case group (P<0.014). Finally, there were no significant differences between the two groups regarding other variables.Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that thyroid gland disorders, especially hypothyroidism, were significantly higher in patients with fatty liver than in other patients. Nevertheless, they could not be influential in the incidence, exacerbation and persistence of fatty liver as a favorable factor

The Effect of Zinc Sulfate on Malnutrition in Hemodialysis Patients

Background: Malnutrition is common in hemodialysis patients and it must be controlled quickly. This study aimed to investigate the effect of zinc sulfate on malnutrition in dialysis patients. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial on 84 hemodialysis patients referred to Imam Hossain Hospital in Shahroud (northeastern of Iran). Patients were randomly divided into two case and control groups. For the intervention group, one tablet of zinc sulfate 220 mg was administered daily for 8 weeks. Both groups were subjected to standard dialysis three times in the week and all patients were assessed for malnutrition using a standard questionnaire, lab tests, and necessary examinations in the first stage, one month and two months after the treatment.   Results: Of 84 patients, 39 cases (46.4%) were female and rest was male. The mean age of the patients was 59.1±27.2 years. The mean total duration of dialysis was 2.9±2.3 years. The severity and extent of malnutrition at the beginning and one month after the study did not differ between the two groups, but after the second month, there was a significant decrease of malnutrition in the intervention group (Pvalue=0.015). Also, malnutrition variables were significantly associated with BMI less than 18 kg/m2 (Pvalue<0.039), and serum creatinine less than 3 mg/dl (Pvalue<0.011) and hemoglobin less than 11 g/dl (Pvalue<0.001), Conclusions: The results of this study showed that zinc sulfate consumption for at least 2 months could significantly reduce the severity of malnutrition in hemodialysis patients. Keywords: Malnutrition, Zinc sulfate, Hemodialysis