Nursing Care and Parents Contribution in the Care of their Childern with Hypospadias

The term hypospadias is derived from the Greek language and refers to the pathological condition of urethra, which the vestibule, by the time of embryology is imperfect. Approximately 1 to 300 male births appear this problem. The aim of this study is the best quality of nursing management. It is proved that the child recover earlier when the parents involved in care, so it is important to explain the procedure, educate parents about the care after leaving the hospital and to make sure that there are no questions unanswered. The new techniques, the nursing management and the parents’ contribution in care promote to reduce hypospadias hospitalization and so, the less suffering

Η αυτορρύθμιση, τα κίνητρα και η προσέγγιση στη μάθηση μαθητών/ριών με Μαθησιακές Δυσκολίες

Η μάθηση αποτελεί μια δυναμική διαδικασία, η οποία εξαρτάται από πολλούς παράγοντες και συνδέεται με την ψυχοσυναισθηματική και γνωστική ανάπτυξη των μαθητών/ριών. Με το πέρασμα των ετών, η συζήτηση πάνω στα κίνητρα των μαθητών/ριών έχει βελτιώσει και συμβάλλει σε μεγάλο βαθμό τον τρόπο που αντιλαμβανόμαστε τη μαθησιακή διαδικασία καθώς και τους παράγοντες που την επηρεάζουν. Στόχος της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν να διερευνηθούν οι διαστάσεις των κινήτρων και η προσέγγιση στη μάθηση που χρησιμοποιούν οι μαθητές/ριες του Δημοτικού και Γυμνασίου με Μαθησιακές Δυσκολίες (ΜΔ) σε σύγκριση με τους συνομιλήκους τους χωρίς Μαθησιακές Δυσκολίες (ΧΜΔ). Το δείγμα της έρευνας αποτέλεσαν 25 μαθητές/ριες της Ε΄ και ΣΤ΄ Δημοτικου και Α΄ και Β΄ Γυμνασίου με διαγνωσμένες μαθησιακές δυσκολίες και 76 μαθητές/ριες Ε΄και ΣΤ΄ Δημοτικού χωρίς μαθησιακές δυσκολίες. Στους/ις συμμετέχοντες/ουσες χορηγήθηκαν ερωτηματολόγια αυτο-αναφοράς, το Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire -MSLQ (Pintrich, et al , 1990), το οποίο μετρά τους τομείς της αυτορρύθμισης, του εσωτερικού κινήτρου, του άγχους εξετάσεων, της αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας και των γνωστικών στρατηγικών και το ερωτηματολόγιο StudyProcessQuestionnaire- SPQ (Biggs et al., 2001), το οποίο μετρά την προσέγγιση στη μάθηση που ακολουθούν οι μαθητές/ριες. Βρέθηκε ότι οι μαθητές/ριες με ΜΔ ανέφεραν χαμηλότερες τιμές Αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας και Αυτορρύθμισης ενώ φάνηκε ότι αναπτύσσουν Εσωτερικά Κίνητρα σε μικρότερο βαθμό σε σύγκριση με τους μαθητές/ριες ΧΜΔ. Επιπλέον, οι μαθητές/ριες με ΜΔ ανέφεραν περισσότερο Άγχος Εξετάσεων σε σχέση με τους μαθητές χωρίς ΜΔ. Όσον αφορά στις γνωστικές στρατηγικές, οι μαθητές/ριες με ΜΔ ανέφεραν ότι χρησιμοποιούν τις Γνωστικές Στρατηγικές σε μικρότερο βαθμό σε σχέση με τους/ις μαθητές/ριες ΧΜΔ. Τέλος, οι μαθητές/ριες του δείγματος με ΜΔ ανέφεραν υψηλότερες τιμές Επιφανειακής Προσέγγισης στη μάθηση σε σύγκριση με τους μαθητές χωρίς ΜΔ.Learning is a dynamic process, which depends on many factors and is associated with the psycho-emotional and cognitive development of students.Over the years, the discussion on student motivation has greatly improved and contributed to the way we perceive the learning process as well as the factors that influence it.The aim of this research is to investigate motives, cognitive strategies and approach to learning in elementary and high school students with Learning Disabilities as compared to their peers without Learning Disabilities (NLD). The sample of the research consisted of 25 students on 5th and 6th grade of Elementary and Secondary school with diagnosed learning difficulties (LD) and 76 students on 5th and 6th grade of Elementary school without learning difficulties (NLD). Participants were given self-report questionnaires, the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire - MSLQ (Pintrich, et al, 1990), which measures self-regulation, intrinsic motivation, test anxiety, self-efficacy and cognitive strategies and the Study Process Questionnaire- SPQ (Biggs et al., 2001), which measures the approach to learning.It was found that LD students reported lower scores on Self-efficacy and Self-regulation and develop lower Internal Motivation than NLD students. In addition, LD students had higher means on Test Anxiety than NLD students. In terms of cognitive strategies, LD students reported using cognitive strategies less than NLD students. In conclusion, the students of the sample with MD follow a surface approach to learning to a greater extent compared to the students without MD

Interaction Design for Audiences: A Proposition for Building Resilience and Recovery for COVID-safe Independent Cinemas

As in the broader cultural sector, COVID-19 has created unprecedented challenges for cinema exhibitors in the UK and worldwide. Venues have been forced to close for months, operate with substantial uncertainty, or re-open with reduced capacity. Still, their position remains precarious and the challenges to the sustainability of the sector are ongoing: changing restrictions and associated increased costs, reduction in production and distribution pipelines. The British Film Institute highlighted that the pandemic poses an existential threat, especially to independent exhibitors and those operating in remote or deprived areas. Thus, COVID-19 has also highlighted existing inequalities, the digital divide, and the need to expand the audiences’ diversity. Meanwhile, in sectoral events, panels have reflected on how exhibitors and audiences have become more accustomed to accessing media experiences online, and how this new digital literacy will support cinemas’ efforts to attract cinemagoers in their reopening. Prior to COVID-19, the use of interaction design for new cinematic experiences had attracted the interest of festivals, filmmakers and researchers. In this position paper, we argue that interaction design and technologies can help independent cinemas to engage and galvanise new audiences to patronise COVID-safe venues. From low-end online platforms to high-end immersive experiences, new technologies are transforming connectivity across society, and have the potential to support access for D/deaf, neurodivergent, and disabled audiences, but adoption by exhibitors is so far limited. We outline the research needs and priorities in this field. These include identifying facilitators and obstacles to industry adoption of interactive forms, and mapping experiences and attitudes across the sector. Together with directions for immediate practical solutions, it is crucial to gather critical data for future research use, in order to pave the way for long-term solutions and design innovation, so that the sector can build resilience, recover and reach underserved audiences

Interaction Design for Audiences: A Proposition for Building Resilience and Recovery for COVID-safe Independent Cinemas

As in the broader cultural sector, COVID-19 has created unprecedented challenges for cinema exhibitors in the UK and worldwide. Venues have been forced to close for months, operate with substantial uncertainty, or re-open with reduced capacity. Still, their position remains precarious and the challenges to the sustainability of the sector are ongoing: changing restrictions and associated increased costs, reduction in production and distribution pipelines. The British Film Institute highlighted that the pandemic poses an existential threat, especially to independent exhibitors and those operating in remote or deprived areas. Thus, COVID-19 has also highlighted existing inequalities, the digital divide, and the need to expand the audiences’ diversity. Meanwhile, in sectoral events, panels have reflected on how exhibitors and audiences have become more accustomed to accessing media experiences online, and how this new digital literacy will support cinemas’ efforts to attract cinemagoers in their reopening. Prior to COVID-19, the use of interaction design for new cinematic experiences had attracted the interest of festivals, filmmakers and researchers. In this position paper, we argue that interaction design and technologies can help independent cinemas to engage and galvanise new audiences to patronise COVID-safe venues. From low-end online platforms to high-end immersive experiences, new technologies are transforming connectivity across society, and have the potential to support access for D/deaf, neurodivergent, and disabled audiences, but adoption by exhibitors is so far limited. We outline the research needs and priorities in this field. These include identifying facilitators and obstacles to industry adoption of interactive forms, and mapping experiences and attitudes across the sector. Together with directions for immediate practical solutions, it is crucial to gather critical data for future research use, in order to pave the way for long-term solutions and design innovation, so that the sector can build resilience, recover and reach underserved audiences

Personalized screening and risk profiles for Mild Cognitive Impairment via a Machine Learning Framework: Implications for general practice.

peer reviewedOBJECTIVES: Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) requires lengthy diagnostic procedures, typically available at tertiary Health Care Centers (HCC). This prospective study evaluated a flexible Machine Learning (ML) framework toward identifying persons with MCI or dementia based on information that can be readily available in a primary HC setting. METHODS: Demographic and clinical data, informant ratings of recent behavioral changes, self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms, subjective cognitive complaints, and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores were pooled from two aging cohorts from the island of Crete, Greece (N = 763 aged 60-93 years) comprising persons diagnosed with MCI (n = 277) or dementia (n = 153), and cognitively non-impaired persons (CNI, n = 333). A Balanced Random Forest Classifier was used for classification and variable importance-based feature selection in nested cross-validation schemes (CNI vs MCI, CNI vs Dementia, MCI vs Dementia). Global-level model-agnostic analyses identified predictors displaying nonlinear behavior. Local level agnostic analyses pinpointed key predictor variables for a given classification result after statistically controlling for all other predictors in the model. RESULTS: Classification of MCI vs CNI was achieved with improved sensitivity (74 %) and comparable specificity (73 %) compared to MMSE alone (37.2 % and 94.3 %, respectively). Additional high-ranking features included age, education, behavioral changes, multicomorbidity and polypharmacy. Higher classification accuracy was achieved for MCI vs Dementia (sensitivity/specificity = 87 %) and CNI vs Dementia (sensitivity/specificity = 94 %) using the same set of variables. Model agnostic analyses revealed notable individual variability in the contribution of specific variables toward a given classification result. CONCLUSIONS: Improved capacity to identify elderly with MCI can be achieved by combining demographic and medical information readily available at the PHC setting with MMSE scores, and informant ratings of behavioral changes. Explainability at the patient level may help clinicians identify specific predictor variables and patient scores to a given prediction outcome toward personalized risk assessment

Maternal postnatal depression and anxiety and their association with child emotional negativity and behavior problems at two years

Postnatal maternal depression is associated with poorer child emotional and behavioral functioning, but it is unclear whether this occurs following brief episodes or only with persistent depression. Little research has examined the relation between postnatal anxiety and child outcomes. The present study examined the role of postnatal major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptom chronicity on children’s emotional and behavioral functioning at 24 months. Following postnatal screening mothers (n = 296) were identified as having MDD, GAD, MDD and GAD, or no disorder at 3 months postnatal; the average age was 32.3 (SD = 5.0), 91.9% self-identified as Caucasian, and 62.2% were married. Maternal disorder symptom severity was assessed by questionnaires and structured interview at 3, 6, 10, 14, and 24 months postpartum. At 24 months, child emotional negativity and behavior were assessed using questionnaires and by direct observation. Latent trait-state-occasion modeling was used to represent maternal disorder symptom chronicity; both stable trait and time-specific occasion portions of maternal symptomatology were examined in relation to child outcomes. Only the stable trait portion of maternal MDD and GAD symptom severity were related to maternal report of child behavior problems and higher levels of emotional negativity. Persistent maternal MDD, but not GAD, symptom severity was related to higher levels of child emotional negativity as measured observationally. These data suggest that children’s behavior problems and emotional negativity are adversely affected by persistent maternal depression, and possibly anxiety. This has implications for interventions to prevent negative effects of postnatal psychopathology on children

Differences in results and related factors between hospital-at-home modalities in Catalonia: a cross-sectional study

Average stay; Cross-sectional study; Hospital-at-home; MortalityEstancia media; Estudio transversal; Hospital en casa; MortalidadEstada mitjana; Estudi transversal; Hospital a casa; MortalitatHospital-at-home (HaH) is a healthcare modality that provides active treatment by healthcare staff in the patient's home for a condition that would otherwise require hospitalization. The aims were to describe the characteristics of different types of hospital-at-home (HaH), assess their results, and examine which factors could be related to these results. A cross-sectional study based on data from all 2014 HaH contacts from Catalonia was designed. The following HaH modalities were considered-admission avoidance (n = 7,214; 75.1%) and early assisted discharge (n = 2,387; 24.9%). The main outcome indicators were readmission, mortality, and length of stay (days). Multivariable models were fitted to assess the association between explanatory factors and outcomes. Hospital admission avoidance is a scheme in which, instead of being admitted to acute care hospitals, patients are directly treated in their own homes. Early assisted discharge is a scheme in which hospital in-care patients continue their treatment at home. In the hospital avoidance modality, there were 8.3% readmissions, 0.9% mortality, and a mean length of stay (SD) of 9.6 (10.6) days. In the early assisted discharge modality, these figures were 7.9%, 0.5%, and 9.8 (11.1), respectively. In both modalities, readmission and mean length of stay were related to comorbidity and type of hospital, and mortality with age. The results of HaH in Catalonia are similar to those observed in other contexts. The factors related to these results identified might help to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the different HaH modalities

Maternal depression and anxiety in relation to 2 year old children's development of emotion regulation and attention

Background: Maternal postnatal depression, and to a lesser extent anxiety, have been associated with a range of child developmental difficulties which can persist beyond the postnatal period. However, there has been limited research on two key developmental domains, Emotion Regulation (ER) and Attention (AT). This thesis investigated whether compared to controls, maternal depression and anxiety, were associated with lower levels of child ER and AT at 2 years postnatally; and whether any influence persisted despite remission of the disorder. Potential mediating mechanisms were also examined. Method: Three groups (Major Depressive Disorder (N=49), Generalised Anxiety Disorder (N=78) and Controls (N=91» of mothers with their children were identified and followed up until the children reached 24 months of age (OPP 24m study). Detailed assessments of the children's ER and AT were obtained (direct laboratory observations and maternal reports). Data from the ALSPAC survey were also analysed to examine the thesis questions more broadly in a large cohort (N=9578) using maternal self-reported depression and anxiety and maternal reports of children's indicators of ER and AT at 24 months postnatally. Results: Both maternal diagnosed but also self-reported symptomatology of depression and anxiety were associated with poorer children's ER and AT, although problems in AT were shown through maternal reports only and not direct observation. The associations persisted despite remission of the maternal disorder. Maternal repetitive negative thoughts (cognition) and marital distress mediated disturbances in children's ER and AT due to maternal psychopathology. Conclusion: Maternal postnatal depression and anxiety may potentially put at risk key developmental areas of ER and AT during early toddlerhood. Further investigation is required to understand the complex nature of these associationsEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo