The genus Thalictrum species as promising medicinal plants of the Tomsk region (Western Siberia)

The genus Thalictrum species (Ranunculaceae) are of interest for study as medicinal plants that are promising for expanding the gene pool and treating socially significant diseases. The data of the analysis of more than 100 geobotanical descriptions obtained in 2010-2017 were used to study the coenotic complexes of Thalictrum minus and Thalictrum simplex growing in Tomsk region and to determine their ecological-coenotic confinement. The aim of our research was to study the species of the genus Thalictrum growing in Tomsk region, their distribution and use in medicine, to investigate the coenotic complex, and to determine the ecological-coenotic confinement of Thalictrum minus L. and Thalictrum simplex L. growing in Tomsk region. The coenotic complex of Thalictrum minus includes 146 species. Thalictrum minus is the reserve of raw materials of Category II, which are identified in species confined to coenoses of different synanthropic degree, where they grow abundantly. The coenotic complex of Thalictrum simplex in Tomsk region includes 62 species. Thalictrum simplex is the reserve of raw materials of Category II

Biological features of high altitude rare medicinal plant species Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. in Western Siberia cultivation

The paper summarizes the results of a long-term introduction study of a rare alpine plant Hedysarum theinum Krasnob., which is widely used in medicine. We found that the species demonstrates sufficiently high seed productivity with adequate agrotechnical care under introduction conditions. Nevertheless, there were cases of a single lack of fruiting, which cannot be considered a reaction to different ecological conditions since these phenomena can also be observed in natural habitats; most likely, this is a feature of the reproductive biology of the species. The phenological characteristics, seed productivity, and seed germination of the species are given, and the range of variation in signs of the vegetative and generative spheres is established. The introduction assessment indicates high plasticity and a high degree of the species adaptation

Toxic properties and allelopathic activity of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall.

Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., known as yellow sweetclover (Fabaceae), is widely used in medicine and agriculture. At the same time, yellow sweetclover is a weed and invasive plant in Siberia. In Russia, M. officinalis is cultivated as a valuable medicinal, fodder and honey plant. Its widespread use is due to its high ecological plasticity. In recent years, an interest in cultivation of M. officinalis as a low maintenance multipurpose crop has increased in biological agriculture. The herb M. officinalis contains a rich complex of biologically active compounds. However, along with positive properties, this species, though with a rich chemical composition and high physiological activity, is toxic towards different groups of living organisms. The toxic effect of M. officinalis extracts is primarily due to the presence of coumarin. A high allelopathic activity of M. officinalis was revealed. The phytotoxic effect of herb extracts on germination of crop and weed seeds was studied in detail. Data on the fungicidal and insecticidal activity of M. officinalis were obtained. Laboratory and in situ studies showed that the aboveground part of M. officinalis is a potential source of biopesticides with a broad-spectrum effect (bioherbicidal, insecticidal and fungicidal)

Coenocomplex and ecological area of Atragene speciosa Weinm. in the Altai-Sayan mountain region

Atragene speciosa Weinm. is a valuable nootropic medicinal plant, but not abundant in nature. The coenocomplex of Atragene speciosa consists mainly of dark coniferous taiga forest. The species composition of this cenocomplex includes 324 species, 74 of which are constant. According to humidity of habitats, this species is in the mesophyte group, and, according to the abundance and salinity or nutrient status of soil, it refers to the mesotrophic group. Cattle grazing is very little or absent in the sites of its vegetation

Elemental composition of macrophytes of thermokarst lakes in Western Siberia

Relevance. Macrophytes are one of the key participants in accumulation of chemical elements in lake ecosystems, but despite this, the issue of elemental composition of macrophytes of thermokarst lakes in Western Siberia and accumulation of chemical elements relative to the sediments and pore water remains practically unexplored. The aim of the research is to describe the formation of elemental composition of macrophyte species of thermokarst lakes in the north of Western Siberia and to identify the possibility of their use in biomonitoring. The objects of research were macrophyte plants (Hippuris vulgaris L., Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb., Comarum palustre L., Ranunculus spitzbergensis Hadac, Carex aquatilis Wahlenb s. Str., Menyanthes trifoliata L.), sediments and pore waters of thermokarst lakes of the north of Western Siberia. Methods. The elemental composition of the samples was studied by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS, Agilent Technologies, 7500 se), the concentration of anions in water samples was determined by liquid chromatography (Dionex ICS/2000), the dissolved organic carbon was defined by infrared spectroscopy TOC/VCSN, Shimadzu), the organic carbon content of the sediments was determined by infrared spectrometry (Horiba Jobin Yvon Emia/320V C/S Analyzer). Statistical processing of data was carried out using the STATISTICA 6.0 software package. Results. The coefficients of biological accumulation of chemical elements in macrophytes relative to sediments and pore water were calculated for four key thermokarst lakes. It has been shown that macronutrients (Na, Mg, Ca), some heavy metals and metalloids (Ni, Cu, Zn, Co, As, Cd), as well as B and Mo are actively accumulated in water plants of thermokarst lakes of Western Siberia. High coefficients of accumulation of heavy metals indicate a significant phytoremediation function of macrophytes in a given territory

Biogeochemistry of macrophytes, sediments and porewaters in thermokarst lakes of permafrost peatlands, western Siberia

The chemical composition of thermokarst lake ecosystem components is a crucial indicator of current climate change and permafrost thaw. Despite high importance of macrophytes in shallow permafrost thaw lakes for control of major and trace nutrients in lake water, the trace element (TE) partitioning between macrophytes and lake water and sediments in the permafrost regions remains virtually unknown. Here we sampled dominant macrophytes in thermokarst lakes of discontinuous and continuous permafrost zones in the Western Siberia Lowland (WSL) and measured major and trace elements in plant biomass, lake water, lake sediments and sediment porewater. All six plant species (Hippuris vulgaris L., Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb., Comarum palustre L., Ranunculus spitzbergensis Hadac, Carex aquatilis Wahlenb s. str., Menyanthes trifoliata L.) sizably accumulated macronutrients (Na, Mg, Ca), micronutrients (B, Mo, Nu, Cu, Zn, Co) and toxicants (As, Cd). Accumulation of other trace elements, including rare earth elements (REE), in macrophytes relative to pore waters and sediments was highly variable among species. Using miltiparametric statistics, we described the behavior of ТЕ across two permafrost zones and identified several group of elements depending on their sources in the lake ecosystems and their affinity to sediments and macrophytes. Under future climate warming and shifting the permafrost border to the north, we anticipate an increasing uptake of heavy metals and lithogenic low mobile elements such as Ti, Al, Cr, As, Cu, Fe, Ni, Ga, Zr, and REEs by macrophytes in the discontinuous permafrost zone and Ba, Zn, Pb and Cd in the continuous permafrost zone. This may eventually diminish transport of metal micronutrients and geochemical tracers from soils to lakes and rivers and further to the Arcti

Elemental composition of macrophytes of thermokarst lakes in Western Siberia

Актуальность. Растения-макрофиты являются одним из ключевых звеньев накопления химических элементов в озерных экосистемах, несмотря на это в настоящее время остается практически не изученным вопрос элементного состава макрофитов термокарстовых озер Западной Сибири и аккумуляции ими химических элементов относительно донных отложений и поровой воды. Цель: описание формирования элементного состава видов макрофитов термокарстовых озер севера Западной Сибири и выявление возможности их использования в биомониторинге. Объектами исследования служили растения-макрофиты (Hippuris vulgaris L., Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb., Comarum palustre L., Ranunculus spitzbergensis Hadac, Carex aquatilis Wahlenb s. str., Menyanthes trifoliata L.), донные отложения, поровые воды донных отложений термокарстовых озер севера Западной Сибири. Методы. Исследование элементного состава образцов проводилось методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой (ИСП/МС, Agilent Technologies, 7500 се), концентрации анионов в образцах воды определялись методом жидкостной хроматографии (Dionex ICS/2000), определение растворенного органического углерода проводилось методом инфракрасной спектроскопии (TOC/VCSN, Shimadzu), содержание органического углерода донных отложений определялось методом инфракрасной спектрометрии (Horiba Jobin Yvon Emia/320V C/S Analyzer). Статистическая обработка данных проводилась с использованием пакета программ STATISTICA 6.0.Результаты. Коэффициенты биологического накопления химических элементов в макрофитах относительно донных отложений и поровой воды были рассчитаны для четырех ключевых термокарстовых озер. Было показано, что водными растениями термокарстовых озер Западной Сибири активно накапливаются макроэлементы (Na, Mg, Ca), некоторые тяжелые металлы и металлоиды (Ni, Cu, Zn, Co, As, Cd), а также B и Mo. Высокие коэффициенты накопления тяжелых металлов могут говорить о существенной фиторемедиационной функции растений-макрофитов данной территории.Relevance. Macrophytes are one of the key participants in accumulation of chemical elements in lake ecosystems, but despite this, the issue of elemental composition of macrophytes of thermokarst lakes in Western Siberia and accumulation of chemical elements relative to the sediments and pore water remains practically unexplored. The aim of the research is to describe the formation of elemental composition of macrophyte species of thermokarst lakes in the north of Western Siberia and to identify the possibility of their use in biomonitoring. The objects of research were macrophyte plants (Hippuris vulgaris L., Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb., Comarum palustre L., Ranunculus spitzbergensis Hadac, Carex aquatilis Wahlenb s. Str., Menyanthes trifoliata L.), sediments and pore waters of thermokarst lakes of the north of Western Siberia. Methods. The elemental composition of the samples was studied by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS, Agilent Technologies, 7500 se), the concentration of anions in water samples was determined by liquid chromatography (Dionex ICS/2000), the dissolved organic carbon was defined by infrared spectroscopy TOC/VCSN, Shimadzu), the organic carbon content of the sediments was determined by infrared spectrometry (Horiba Jobin Yvon Emia/320V C/S Analyzer). Statistical processing of data was carried out using the STATISTICA 6.0 software package. Results. The coefficients of biological accumulation of chemical elements in macrophytes relative to sediments and pore water were calculated for four key thermokarst lakes. It has been shown that macronutrients (Na, Mg, Ca), some heavy metals and metalloids (Ni, Cu, Zn, Co, As, Cd), as well as B and Mo are actively accumulated in water plants of thermokarst lakes of Western Siberia. High coefficients of accumulation of heavy metals indicate a significant phytoremediation function of macrophytes in a given territory

Elemental composition of macrophytes of thermokarst lakes in Western Siberia

Актуальность. Растения-макрофиты являются одним из ключевых звеньев накопления химических элементов в озерных экосистемах, несмотря на это в настоящее время остается практически не изученным вопрос элементного состава макрофитов термокарстовых озер Западной Сибири и аккумуляции ими химических элементов относительно донных отложений и поровой воды. Цель: описание формирования элементного состава видов макрофитов термокарстовых озер севера Западной Сибири и выявление возможности их использования в биомониторинге. Объектами исследования служили растения-макрофиты (Hippuris vulgaris L., Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb., Comarum palustre L., Ranunculus spitzbergensis Hadac, Carex aquatilis Wahlenb s. str., Menyanthes trifoliata L.), донные отложения, поровые воды донных отложений термокарстовых озер севера Западной Сибири. Методы. Исследование элементного состава образцов проводилось методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой (ИСП/МС, Agilent Technologies, 7500 се), концентрации анионов в образцах воды определялись методом жидкостной хроматографии (Dionex ICS/2000), определение растворенного органического углерода проводилось методом инфракрасной спектроскопии (TOC/VCSN, Shimadzu), содержание органического углерода донных отложений определялось методом инфракрасной спектрометрии (Horiba Jobin Yvon Emia/320V C/S Analyzer). Статистическая обработка данных проводилась с использованием пакета программ STATISTICA 6.0.Результаты. Коэффициенты биологического накопления химических элементов в макрофитах относительно донных отложений и поровой воды были рассчитаны для четырех ключевых термокарстовых озер. Было показано, что водными растениями термокарстовых озер Западной Сибири активно накапливаются макроэлементы (Na, Mg, Ca), некоторые тяжелые металлы и металлоиды (Ni, Cu, Zn, Co, As, Cd), а также B и Mo. Высокие коэффициенты накопления тяжелых металлов могут говорить о существенной фиторемедиационной функции растений-макрофитов данной территории.Relevance. Macrophytes are one of the key participants in accumulation of chemical elements in lake ecosystems, but despite this, the issue of elemental composition of macrophytes of thermokarst lakes in Western Siberia and accumulation of chemical elements relative to the sediments and pore water remains practically unexplored. The aim of the research is to describe the formation of elemental composition of macrophyte species of thermokarst lakes in the north of Western Siberia and to identify the possibility of their use in biomonitoring. The objects of research were macrophyte plants (Hippuris vulgaris L., Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb., Comarum palustre L., Ranunculus spitzbergensis Hadac, Carex aquatilis Wahlenb s. Str., Menyanthes trifoliata L.), sediments and pore waters of thermokarst lakes of the north of Western Siberia. Methods. The elemental composition of the samples was studied by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS, Agilent Technologies, 7500 se), the concentration of anions in water samples was determined by liquid chromatography (Dionex ICS/2000), the dissolved organic carbon was defined by infrared spectroscopy TOC/VCSN, Shimadzu), the organic carbon content of the sediments was determined by infrared spectrometry (Horiba Jobin Yvon Emia/320V C/S Analyzer). Statistical processing of data was carried out using the STATISTICA 6.0 software package. Results. The coefficients of biological accumulation of chemical elements in macrophytes relative to sediments and pore water were calculated for four key thermokarst lakes. It has been shown that macronutrients (Na, Mg, Ca), some heavy metals and metalloids (Ni, Cu, Zn, Co, As, Cd), as well as B and Mo are actively accumulated in water plants of thermokarst lakes of Western Siberia. High coefficients of accumulation of heavy metals indicate a significant phytoremediation function of macrophytes in a given territory