Epididymis Response Partly Compensates for Spermatozoa Oxidative Defects in snGPx4 and GPx5 Double Mutant Mice

We report here that spermatozoa of mice lacking both the sperm nucleaus glutathione peroxidase 4 (snGPx4) and the epididymal glutathione peroxidase 5 (GPx5) activities display sperm nucleus structural abnormalities including delayed and defective nuclear compaction, nuclear instability and DNA damage. We show that to counteract the GPx activity losses, the epididymis of the double KO animals mounted an antioxydant response resulting in a strong increase in the global H2O2-scavenger activity especially in the cauda epididymis. Quantitative RT-PCR data show that together with the up-regulation of epididymal scavengers (of the thioredoxin/peroxiredoxin system as well as glutathione-S-transferases) the epididymis of double mutant animals increased the expression of several disulfide isomerases in an attempt to recover normal disulfide-bridging activity. Despite these compensatory mechanisms cauda-stored spermatozoa of double mutant animals show high levels of DNA oxidation, increased fragmentation and greater susceptibility to nuclear decondensation. Nevertheless, the enzymatic epididymal salvage response is sufficient to maintain full fertility of double KO males whatever their age, crossed with young WT female mice

La valeur seuil, le pourcentage d'abaissement et la vélocité du PSA sont des facteurs prédictifs du risque de progression chez les patients ayant un cancer de prostate T1a non traité

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Cancer du rein du sujet de 40 ans (analyse comparative des caractéristiques clinico-pathologiques et de la survie)

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocSudocFranceF

La thérapie cellulaire de l'insuffisance sphinctérienne urétrale (description d un modèle animal préclinique et comparaison de 3 techniques de tranferts de cellules précurseurs musculaires)

PARIS12-Bib. électronique (940280011) / SudocSudocFranceF

Cancer de prostate de stade T1a (étude prospective des facteurs pronostiques pré- et post-opératoires)

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Cancer du rein de moins de 4 cm (traitement dans un centre régional de référence en cancérologie)

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Survival of patients with nonmetastatic pT3 renal tumours: a matched comparison of laparoscopic vs open radical nephrectomy.

International audienceOBJECTIVES: To compare the oncological outcome of patients with pT3 renal tumours treated either by laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) or open RN (ORN). PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a retrospective review of a multi-institutional database, we identified 1003 patients with a T3N0M0 renal tumour and with no vena caval invasion. Sixty-five patients treated by LRN were matched with up to four patients treated by ORN. Exact matches were made for age, gender, tumour size, perirenal fat invasion, renal vein invasion, and histological subtype. Following the matching process there were 44 patients treated by LRN and 135 by ORN. Qualitative and continuous variables were compared using chi-square and independent-sample t-tests, respectively. Differences in survival were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method. A Cox regression model was used to test the effect of variables on survival. RESULTS: The two groups were comparable for age (P = 0.4), gender, tumour size (P = 0.4), tumour grade (P = 0.25) and histological subtype (P = 0.45). The mean follow-up was longer in the ORN group (55 vs 28 months, P < 0.001). There was no difference in survival between the ORN and LRN groups in the whole T3 population (P = 0.7), in those with perirenal fat invasion (P = 0.9), or in the subset with renal vein invasion (P = 0.31). In univariate analysis, the only predictor for death from cancer was tumour grade (P = 0.05). In multivariate analysis, no variable was significantly associated with cancer survival. CONCLUSIONS: LRN has no adverse effect on cancer survival compared to ORN in patients with microscopic T3 renal cancer. Additional prospective evaluation is warranted

Thirty-day mortality after nephrectomy: clinical implications for informed consent.

International audienceBACKGROUND: The existing literature suggests that the surgical mortality (SM) observed with nephrectomy for localised disease varies from 0.6% to 3.6%. OBJECTIVE: To examine age- and stage-specific 30-d mortality (TDM) rates after partial or radical nephrectomy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We relied on 24535 assessable patients from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. MEASUREMENTS: In 12283 patients, logistic regression models were used to develop a tool for pretreatment prediction of the probability of TDM according to individual patient and tumour characteristics. External validation was performed on 12252 patients. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: In the entire cohort of 24535 patients, 219 deaths occurred during the initial 30 d after nephrectomy (0.9% TDM rate). TDM increased with age (≤49 yr: 0.5% vs 50-59 yr: 0.7% vs 60-69 yr: 0.9% vs 70-79 yr: 1.2% vs ≥80 yr: 2.0%; χ(2) trend p<0.001) and stage (0.3% for T1-2N0M0 vs 1.3% for T3-4N0-2M0 vs 4.2% for T1-4N0-2M1; χ2 trend p=<0.001). TDM decreased in more recent years (1988-1993: 1.3% vs 1994-1998: 0.9% vs 1999-2002: 0.7% vs 2003-2004: 0.6%; χ2 trend p<0.001) and was lower after partial versus radical nephrectomy (RN) (0.4% vs 0.9%; p=0.008). Only age (p<0.001) and stage (p<0.001) achieved independent predictor status. The look-up table that relied on the regression coefficients of age and stage reached 79.4% accuracy in the external validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Age and stage are the foremost determinants of TDM after nephrectomy. Our model provides individual probabilities of TDM after nephrectomy, and its use should be highly encouraged during informed consent prior to planned nephrectomy