589 research outputs found
Linear kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and void models for acceleration
There has been considerable recent interest in cosmological models in which
the current apparent acceleration is due to a very large local underdensity, or
void, instead of some form of dark energy. Here we examine a new proposal to
constrain such models using the linear kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect
due to structure within the void. The simplified "Hubble bubble" models
previously studied appeared to predict far more kSZ power than is actually
observed, independently of the details of the initial conditions and evolution
of perturbations in such models. We show that the constraining power of the kSZ
effect is considerably weakened (though still impressive) under a fully
relativistic treatment of the problem, and point out several theoretical
ambiguities and observational shortcomings which further qualify the results.
Nevertheless, we conclude that a very large class of void models is ruled out
by the combination of kSZ and other methods.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures; minor changes, version published in CQG focus
section "Inhomogeneous Cosmological Models and Averaging in Cosmology
How Many Universes Do There Need To Be?
In the simplest cosmological models consistent with General Relativity, the
total volume of the Universe is either finite or infinite, depending on whether
or not the spatial curvature is positive. Current data suggest that the
curvature is very close to flat, implying that one can place a lower limit on
the total volume. In a Universe of finite age, the "particle horizon" defines
the patch of the Universe which is observable to us. Based on today's best-fit
cosmological parameters it is possible to constrain the number of observable
Universe sized patches, N_U. Specifically, using the new WMAP data, we can say
that there are at least 21 patches out there the same volume as ours, at 95%
confidence. Moreover, even if the precision of our cosmological measurements
continues to increase, density perturbations at the particle horizon size limit
us to never knowing that there are more than about 10^5 patches out there.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure; received "honourable mention" in 2006 GRF essay
contest; v2: improved analysis with newly available WMAP Monte Carlo Markov
Chain; version published in IJMP
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