The research on the immuno-modulatory defect of Mesenchymal Stem Cell from Chronic Myeloid Leukemia patients

Overwhelming evidence from leukemia research has shown that the clonal population of neoplastic cells exhibits marked heterogeneity with respect to proliferation and differentiation. There are rare stem cells within the leukemic population that possess extensive proliferation and self-renewal capacity not found in the majority of the leukemic cells. These leukemic stem cells are necessary and sufficient to maintain the leukemia. While the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) origin of CML was first suggested over 30 years ago, recently CML-initiating cells beyond HSCs are also being investigated. We have previously isolated fetal liver kinase-1-positive (Flk1+) cells carrying the BCR/ABL fusion gene from the bone marrow of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) patients with hemangioblast property. Here, we showed that CML patient-derived Flk1+CD31-CD34-MSCs had normal morphology, phenotype and karyotype but appeared impaired in immuno-modulatory function. The capacity of patient Flk1+CD31-CD34- MSCs to inhibit T lymphocyte activation and proliferation was impaired in vitro. CML patient-derived MSCs have impaired immuno-modulatory functions, suggesting that the dysregulation of hematopoiesis and immune response may originate from MSCs rather than HSCs. MSCs might be a potential target for developing efficacious cures for CML

Facile One-Pot Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hierarchical MoS2/α-MnS Nanocomposites with Good Cycling Performance as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

The design of nanoscale composites with a hierarchical structure can improve the poor cycling performances of transition metal sulfides such as anode materials. The hierarchical MoS2/α-MnS nanocomposites were synthesized by a facile one-pot hydrothermal method in this study, aiming to improve the cycling performance. As an anode material, hierarchical MoS2/α-MnS nanocomposites deliver a high reversible capacity, of 1498 mAh g−1 at a current density of 50 mA g−1; a capacity of ~800 mAh g−1 is maintained over 100 cycles at 300 mA g−1, and a capacity of 907 mAh g−1 is obtained at 1200 mA g−1. Moreover, these capacities increase with the number of cycles, which is mainly owed to the occurring metallic nanoparticles that catalyze the developing polymeric film and enhance the conductivity of the active materials during the electrochemical reactions. The good cycling performances are attributed to the synergistic effects between MoS2 and α-MnS

Facile One-Pot Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hierarchical MoS₂/α-MnS Nanocomposites with Good Cycling Performance as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

The design of nanoscale composites with a hierarchical structure can improve the poor cycling performances of transition metal sulfides such as anode materials. The hierarchical MoS2/α-MnS nanocomposites were synthesized by a facile one-pot hydrothermal method in this study, aiming to improve the cycling performance. As an anode material, hierarchical MoS2/α-MnS nanocomposites deliver a high reversible capacity, of 1498 mAh g−1 at a current density of 50 mA g−1; a capacity of ~800 mAh g−1 is maintained over 100 cycles at 300 mA g−1, and a capacity of 907 mAh g−1 is obtained at 1200 mA g−1. Moreover, these capacities increase with the number of cycles, which is mainly owed to the occurring metallic nanoparticles that catalyze the developing polymeric film and enhance the conductivity of the active materials during the electrochemical reactions. The good cycling performances are attributed to the synergistic effects between MoS2 and α-MnS

Beam-Membrane Coupled Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers with Enhanced Transmitting Sensitivity

Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUTs) are a promising alternative to conventional bulk piezoelectric ceramic-based ultrasonic transducers. However, the transmitting sensitivity of the reported PMUTs is far from satisfactory. In this paper, we report a beam-membrane coupled PMUT (BM-PMUT), which enhances the transmitting sensitivity via simultaneously increasing the acoustic emission areas and maintaining the comparable vibration amplitude. Experimental results show that the center and edge transmitting sensitivities of the BM-PMUT are 108.1 and 96 nm/V at 370 kHz, which are 109.9 and 49.6 nm/V at 677 kHz for the traditional PMUT (T-PMUT). Thus, the BM-PMUT realizes piston-like mode shapes and achieves around twofold improvement in the effective acoustic emission area relative to the traditional T-PMUT of the same size. Due to the larger acoustic emission areas and comparable vibration amplitudes, the normalized far-field sound pressure level of the BM-PMUT is 8.5 dB higher than that of the T-PMUT

Elevator block brake structural optimization design based on an approximate model.

An Aquila optimizer-back propagation (AO-BP) neural network was used to establish an approximate model of the relationship between the design variables and the optimization objective to improve elevator block brake capabilities and achieve a lightweight brake design. Subsequently, the constraint conditions and objective functions were determined. Moreover, the multi-objective genetic algorithm optimized the structural block brake design. Finally, the effectiveness of the optimization results was verified using simulation experiments. The results demonstrate that the maximum temperature of the optimized brake wheel during emergency braking was 222.09°C, which is 36.71°C lower than that of 258.8°C before optimization, with a change rate of 14.2%. The maximum equivalent stress after optimization was 246.89 MPa, 28.87 MPa lower than that of 275.66 MPa before optimization, with a change rate of 10.5%. In addition, the brake wheel mass was reduced from 58.85 kg to 52.40 kg, and the thermal fatigue life at the maximum equivalent stress increased from 64 times before optimization to 94 times after optimization

Improved Spectral Water Index Combined with Otsu Algorithm to Extract Muddy Coastline Data

Based on the spectral reflection characteristics analysis of the muddy coastline in Jiangsu, an improved spectral water index (IWI) combined with the Otsu algorithm is proposed to extract muddy coastlines from Landsat Operational Land Imager (OLI) images. The IWI-extracted coastline results are compared with those extracted by the modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI), normalized difference water index (NDWI), enhanced water index (EWI), revised normalized different water index (RNDWI) and automated water extraction index (AWEI). The results show that the IWI is not affected by tidal conditions or sand content in the water, can reduce the “salt-and-pepper” phenomenon in the Otsu algorithm classification, can accurately identify water boundaries and can extract silty mudflats and marine buildings with high accuracy. It can also significantly increase the degree of automation of coastline extraction. The IWI combined with the Otsu algorithm demonstrates high accuracy of over 84% in the extraction muddy coastline data with one-pixel tolerance, which is twice as accurate as other indices. The accuracy of extraction for all other types of coastlines is over 81%. Therefore, the IWI index combined with the Otsu algorithm is reliable for studies of sea–land processes and coastline evolutions

Inversion of intertidal zone topography based on optimized random forest regression characteristic parameters

It is a fundamental task to monitor the topography and understand the changes of intertidal zone for rational utilization and sustainable development. A new method is proposed for identifying the terrain of the intertidal zone, using ICESat-2 data to replace a large amount of on-site observation data, thereby reducing costs and improving efficiency. Based on pre-experiments and correlation analysis, time phase index, water index, water transparency index and suspended sediment concentration index are added as features for the random forest (RF). Compared with using only the original band as the model input, the RMSE is reduced by 0.08 m. The results show that the inverted terrain has an RMSE of 0.45 m compared with handheld RTK data, and the RMSE at the mudflat from UAV data is 0.20 m. Based on the analysis of terrain changes over the four-year period, the trend towards sedimentation closer to land becomes more pronounced