156 research outputs found
RestNet: Boosting Cross-Domain Few-Shot Segmentation with Residual Transformation Network
Cross-domain few-shot segmentation (CD-FSS) aims to achieve semantic
segmentation in previously unseen domains with a limited number of annotated
samples. Although existing CD-FSS models focus on cross-domain feature
transformation, relying exclusively on inter-domain knowledge transfer may lead
to the loss of critical intra-domain information. To this end, we propose a
novel residual transformation network (RestNet) that facilitates knowledge
transfer while retaining the intra-domain support-query feature information.
Specifically, we propose a Semantic Enhanced Anchor Transform (SEAT) module
that maps features to a stable domain-agnostic space using advanced semantics.
Additionally, an Intra-domain Residual Enhancement (IRE) module is designed to
maintain the intra-domain representation of the original discriminant space in
the new space. We also propose a mask prediction strategy based on prototype
fusion to help the model gradually learn how to segment. Our RestNet can
transfer cross-domain knowledge from both inter-domain and intra-domain without
requiring additional fine-tuning. Extensive experiments on ISIC, Chest X-ray,
and FSS-1000 show that our RestNet achieves state-of-the-art performance. Our
code will be available soon.Comment: BMVC 202
Semi-supervised Domain Adaptation via Prototype-based Multi-level Learning
In semi-supervised domain adaptation (SSDA), a few labeled target samples of
each class help the model to transfer knowledge representation from the fully
labeled source domain to the target domain. Many existing methods ignore the
benefits of making full use of the labeled target samples from multi-level. To
make better use of this additional data, we propose a novel Prototype-based
Multi-level Learning (ProML) framework to better tap the potential of labeled
target samples. To achieve intra-domain adaptation, we first introduce a
pseudo-label aggregation based on the intra-domain optimal transport to help
the model align the feature distribution of unlabeled target samples and the
prototype. At the inter-domain level, we propose a cross-domain alignment loss
to help the model use the target prototype for cross-domain knowledge transfer.
We further propose a dual consistency based on prototype similarity and linear
classifier to promote discriminative learning of compact target feature
representation at the batch level. Extensive experiments on three datasets,
including DomainNet, VisDA2017, and Office-Home demonstrate that our proposed
method achieves state-of-the-art performance in SSDA.Comment: IJCAI 202
Robust Learning of Deep Time Series Anomaly Detection Models with Contaminated Training Data
Time series anomaly detection (TSAD) is an important data mining task with
numerous applications in the IoT era. In recent years, a large number of deep
neural network-based methods have been proposed, demonstrating significantly
better performance than conventional methods on addressing challenging TSAD
problems in a variety of areas. Nevertheless, these deep TSAD methods typically
rely on a clean training dataset that is not polluted by anomalies to learn the
"normal profile" of the underlying dynamics. This requirement is nontrivial
since a clean dataset can hardly be provided in practice. Moreover, without the
awareness of their robustness, blindly applying deep TSAD methods with
potentially contaminated training data can possibly incur significant
performance degradation in the detection phase. In this work, to tackle this
important challenge, we firstly investigate the robustness of commonly used
deep TSAD methods with contaminated training data which provides a guideline
for applying these methods when the provided training data are not guaranteed
to be anomaly-free. Furthermore, we propose a model-agnostic method which can
effectively improve the robustness of learning mainstream deep TSAD models with
potentially contaminated data. Experiment results show that our method can
consistently prevent or mitigate performance degradation of mainstream deep
TSAD models on widely used benchmark datasets
Mechanical Parameter Inversion in Sandstone Diversion Tunnel and Stability Analysis during Operation Period
A large number of experimental studies show that the mechanical parameters of deep buried surrounding rock show significant attenuation characteristics with the increase of strain from the rheological acceleration stage to the attenuation stage. However, the existing numerical models all take mechanical parameters as constants when describing the rheological behavior of surrounding rocks, which can only be applied to the stability analysis of the shallowly buried tunnel. Therefore, this work proceeding from the actual project, improved the sandstone rheological constitutive model and optimized the algorithm of parameter inversion, and put forward a long-term stability analysis model that can accurately reflect the rheological characteristics of surrounding rocks under the complex geological condition including high stress induced by great depth and high seepage pressure. In the process, a three-dimensional nonlinear rheological damage model was established based on Burgers rheological model by introducing damage factors into the derivation of the sandstone rheological constitutive model to accurately describe the rheological behaviors of the deep buried tunnel. And BP (Back Propagation) neural network optimized by the multi-descendant genetic algorithm is used to invert the mechanical parameters in the model, which improves the efficiency and precision of parameter inversion. Finally, the rheological equation was written by using parametric programming language and incorporated into the general finite element software ANSYS to simulate the rheological behavior of the tunnel rock mass at runtime. The results of the model analysis are in good agreement with the monitoring data in the later stage. The research results can provide a reference for the stability analysis of similar projects
Enhanced photoresponse in MoTe2 photodetectors with asymmetric graphene contacts
Atomically thin two dimensional (2D) materials are promising candidates for miniaturized high-performance optoelectronic devices. Here, we report on multilayer MoTe2 photodetectors contacted with asymmetric electrodes based on n- and p-type graphene layers. The asymmetry in the graphene contacts creates a large (Ebi ~100 kV cm-1) built-in electric field across the short (l = 15 nm) MoTe2 channel, causing a high and broad (? = 400 to 1400 nm) photoresponse even without any externally applied voltage. Spatially resolved photovoltage maps reveal an enhanced photoresponse and larger built-in electric field in regions of the MoTe2 layer between the two graphene contacts. Furthermore, a fast (~10 ?s) photoresponse is achieved in both the photovoltaic and photoconductive operation modes of the junction. Our findings could be extended to other 2D materials and offer prospects for the implementation of asymmetric graphene contacts in future low-power optoelectronic applications
An Object SLAM Framework for Association, Mapping, and High-Level Tasks
Object SLAM is considered increasingly significant for robot high-level
perception and decision-making. Existing studies fall short in terms of data
association, object representation, and semantic mapping and frequently rely on
additional assumptions, limiting their performance. In this paper, we present a
comprehensive object SLAM framework that focuses on object-based perception and
object-oriented robot tasks. First, we propose an ensemble data association
approach for associating objects in complicated conditions by incorporating
parametric and nonparametric statistic testing. In addition, we suggest an
outlier-robust centroid and scale estimation algorithm for modeling objects
based on the iForest and line alignment. Then a lightweight and object-oriented
map is represented by estimated general object models. Taking into
consideration the semantic invariance of objects, we convert the object map to
a topological map to provide semantic descriptors to enable multi-map matching.
Finally, we suggest an object-driven active exploration strategy to achieve
autonomous mapping in the grasping scenario. A range of public datasets and
real-world results in mapping, augmented reality, scene matching,
relocalization, and robotic manipulation have been used to evaluate the
proposed object SLAM framework for its efficient performance.Comment: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Robotics(T-RO
Room-temperature van der Waals 2D ferromagnet switching by spin-orbit torques
Emerging wide varieties of the two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW)
magnets with atomically thin and smooth interfaces holds great promise for
next-generation spintronic devices. However, due to the lower Curie temperature
of the vdW 2D ferromagnets than room temperature, electrically manipulating its
magnetization at room temperature has not been realized. In this work, we
demonstrate the perpendicular magnetization of 2D vdW ferromagnet Fe3GaTe2 can
be effectively switched at room temperature in Fe3GaTe2/Pt bilayer by
spin-orbit torques (SOTs) with a relatively low current density of 1.3
10^7A/cm2. Moreover, the high SOT efficiency of \xi_{DL}~0.22 is quantitatively
determined by harmonic measurements, which is higher than those in Pt-based
heavy metal/conventional ferromagnet devices. Our findings of room-temperature
vdW 2D ferromagnet switching by SOTs provide a significant basis for the
development of vdW-ferromagnet-based spintronic applications
Using Green Emitting pH-Responsive Nanogels to Report Environmental Changes within Hydrogels: A Nanoprobe for Versatile Sensing
Remotely reporting the local environment within hydrogels using inexpensive laboratory techniques has excellent potential to improve our understanding of the nanometer-scale changes that cause macroscopic swelling or deswelling. Whilst photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy is a popular method for such studies this approach commonly requires bespoke and time-consuming synthesis to attach fluorophores which may leave toxic residues. A promising and more versatile alternative is to use a pre-formed nanogel probe that contains a donor/acceptor pair and then “dope” that into the gel during gel assembly. Here, we introduce green-emitting methacrylic acid-based nanogel probe particles and use them to report the local environment within four different gels as well as stem cells. As the swelling of the nanogel probe changes within the gels the non-radiative energy transfer efficiency is strongly altered. This efficiency change is sensitively reported using the PL ratiometric intensity from the donor and acceptor. We demonstrate that our new nanoprobes can reversibly report gel swelling changes due to five different environmental stimuli. The latter are divalent cations, gel degradation, pH changes, temperature changes and tensile strain. In the latter case, the nanoprobe rendered a nanocomposite gel mechanochromic. The results not only provide new structural insights for hierarchical natural and synthetic gels, but also demonstrate that our new green-fluorescing nanoprobes provide a viable alternative to custom fluorophore labelling for reporting the internal gel environment and its changes
- …