Factorization for radiative heavy quarkonium decays into scalar Glueball

We establish the factorization formula for scalar Glueball production through radiative decays of vector states of heavy quarkonia, e.g. $J/\psi$, $\psi(2S)$ and $\Upsilon(nS)$, where the Glueball mass is much less than the parent heavy quarkonium mass. The factorization is demonstrated explicitly at one-loop level through the next-to-leading order (NLO) corrections to the hard kernel, the non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) long-distance matrix element (LDMEs) of the heavy quarkonium, and the light-cone distribution amplitude (LCDA) of scalar Glueball. The factorization provides a comprehensive theoretical approach to investigate Glueball production in the radiative decays of vector states of heavy quarkonia and to determine the physic nature of Glueball. We discuss the scale evolution equation of LCDA for scalar Glueball. In the end, we extract the value of the decay constant of Scalar Glueball from Lattice QCD calculation and analyze the mixing effect among $f_0(1370)$, $f_0(1500)$ and $f_0(1710)$.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, and 1 table; version to appear in JHE

Gluon quasidistribution function at one loop

We study the unpolarized gluon quasidistribution function in the nucleon at one loop level in the large momentum effective theory. For the quark quasidistribution, power law ultraviolet divergences arise in the cut-off scheme and an important observation is that they all are subjected to Wilson lines. However for the gluon quasidistribution function, we first point out that the linear ultraviolet divergences also exist in the real diagram which is not connected to any Wilson line. We then study the one loop corrections to parton distribution functions in both cut-off scheme and dimensional regularization to deal with the ultraviolet divergences. In addition to the ordinary quark and gluon distributions, we also include the quark to gluon and gluon to quark splitting diagrams. The complete one-loop matching factors between the quasi and light cone parton distribution functions are presented in the cut-off scheme. We derive the $P^z$ evolution equation for quasi parton distribution functions, and find that the $P^z$ evolution kernels are identical to the DGLAP evolution kernels.Comment: 26 pages,8 figures;accepted by Eur.Phys.J

Customer Awarenessof Internet Banking Security in China

Internet banking is becoming increasingly popular throughout the world due to its convenience and low cost. The security issues surrounding internet banking are always the focus of both banks and customers. Although much emphasis has been laid on advanced security technology and the human factor in security, there is little research that aims to fully understand customer awareness of internet banking security in China. This paper presents the findings of a research conducted to evaluate current levels of customer awareness of internet banking security. Some of the findings raise implications which call for further investigation

An Initial Study of Customer Internet Banking Security Awareness and Behaviour in China

Internet banking is becoming increasingly popular throughout the world due to its convenience and low cost. The security issues surrounding internet banking are always the focus of both banks and customers. Although much emphasis has been laid on advanced security technology and the human factor in security, there is little research that aims to fully understand customer awareness and behaviour of internet banking security in China. This paper presents the findings from an initial study conducted to evaluate current levels of customer awareness of internet banking security and to map out the linkage between awareness and behaviour. Some of the findings raise implications which call for further investigation