357 research outputs found
Comparative advantage, multi-product firms and trade liberalisation : An empirical test
This paper investigates how economies of scope in multi-product firms interact with comparative advantage in determining the effect of trade liberalisation on resource reallocation, using Belgian manufacturing firm- and firm-product-level data over the period 1997-2007. We first provide evidence on industry integration induced by multi-product firms producing simultaneously in multiple industries and on the extent to which industry integration occurs between industries that have different degrees of comparative advantage. We then examine the impact of opening up trade with low-wage countries on both inter- and intra-industry resource reallocation, taking into account heterogeneity in the integration rate across sectors and industries. Our results indicate that, within more closely integrated sectors, trade liberalisation with low-wage countries leads to less reallocation from low-skill-intensity (comparative-disadvantage) industries to high-skill-intensity (comparative-advantage) industries, both in terms of employment and output. We also find that more integrated industries experience less skill upgrading after trade liberalisation with low-wage countries. Furthermore, we find that within sectors with a low integration rate, trade liberalisation with low-wage countries induces relatively more aggregate TFP and average firm output growth in comparative-advantage industries than in comparative-disadvantage industries, in line with the prediction of Bernard, Redding and Schott (2007), while the opposite is true in highly integrated sectors. Decomposition of the industry-level aggregate TFP changes reveals that the result is mainly driven by reallocation between incumbent firms within industries. Overall, the results are highly consistent with the predictions of the Song and Zhu (2010) model.trade liberalisation, industry integration, comparative advantage, firm heterogeneity, microeconomic panel data, Total Factor Productivity
Predictions of energy profile of four states in USA
In this paper, we calculate the value of the residual energy in 2001-2009 in four states by establishing Grey Prediction Model. We use MATLAB software programming to predict the energy profile of each state for 2025 and 2050 in the absence of any policy changes
Para-particle oscillator simulations on a trapped ion quantum computer
Deformed oscillators allow for a generalization of the standard fermions and
bosons, namely, for the description of para-particles. Such particles, while
indiscernible in nature, can represent good candidates for descriptions of
physical phenomena like topological phases of matter. Here, we report the
digital quantum simulation of para-particle oscillators by mapping
para-particle states to the state of a qubit register, which allow us to
identify the para-particle oscillator Hamiltonian as an model, and further
digitize the system onto a universal set of gates. In both instances, the gate
depth grows polynomially with the number of qubits used. To establish the
validity of our results, we experimentally simulate the dynamics of
para-fermions and para-bosons, demonstrating full control of para-particle
oscillators on a quantum computer. Furthermore, we compare the overall
performance of the digital simulation of dynamics of the driven para-Fermi
oscillator to a recent analog quantum simulation result.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
Quantum walks and Dirac cellular automata on a programmable trapped-ion quantum computer
The quantum walk formalism is a widely used and highly successful framework
for modeling quantum systems, such as simulations of the Dirac equation,
different dynamics in both the low and high energy regime, and for developing a
wide range of quantum algorithms. Here we present the circuit-based
implementation of a discrete-time quantum walk in position space on a
five-qubit trapped-ion quantum processor. We encode the space of walker
positions in particular multi-qubit states and program the system to operate
with different quantum walk parameters, experimentally realizing a Dirac
cellular automaton with tunable mass parameter. The quantum walk circuits and
position state mapping scale favorably to a larger model and physical systems,
allowing the implementation of any algorithm based on discrete-time quantum
walks algorithm and the dynamics associated with the discretized version of the
Dirac equation.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure
Generation of Thermofield Double States and Critical Ground States with a Quantum Computer
Finite-temperature phases of many-body quantum systems are fundamental to
phenomena ranging from condensed-matter physics to cosmology, yet they are
generally difficult to simulate. Using an ion trap quantum computer and
protocols motivated by the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA),
we generate nontrivial thermal quantum states of the transverse-field Ising
model (TFIM) by preparing thermofield double states at a variety of
temperatures. We also prepare the critical state of the TFIM at zero
temperature using quantum-classical hybrid optimization. The entanglement
structure of thermofield double and critical states plays a key role in the
study of black holes, and our work simulates such nontrivial structures on a
quantum computer. Moreover, we find that the variational quantum circuits
exhibit noise thresholds above which the lowest depth QAOA circuits provide the
best results
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