Research on Legal Risks and Legal Regulations of Autonomous Driving from the Perspective of Civil Law

In recent years, artificial intelligence has been widely used in various fields of social production and daily life. Methods to promote artificial intelligence and its active integration into social life has caused fierce disputes in the scientific and technological circles and legal circles. Autonomous driving technology is a type of artificial intelligence technology. As these technologies have achieved breakthrough development, the risks of legal subject qualification and legal liability also follow. Regarding the issue of liability for the damages caused by autonomous driving, the current legal system does not involve this aspect. Whether autonomous vehicles can be applied to the determination of tort liability for traditional vehicles is worthy of in-depth discussion in the academic community. This article analyzes the possible legal risks of autonomous driving from the perspectives of legal subject qualifications, tort liability, and privacy rights. Moreover, it assesses approaches to regulate the corresponding risks from the perspectives of ethics, responsibility sharing, and privacy protection to promote the healthy development of autonomous driving. Keywords: Autonomous driving, legal risk, legal regulation DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/108-02 Publication date: April 30th 202

Intellectual Property Issues in Enterprise Science and Technology Cooperation

Open innovation has become the mainstream innovation paradigm of enterprises since its introduction, which must have a platform for knowledge sharing and open communication to achieve long-term development. The attribution and protection of intellectual property rights must be involved in the cooperation among enterprises in foreign scientific and technological cooperation and other innovation entities. This study initially categorizes the cooperation models among enterprises in Anhui Province and other innovation entities under open innovation. Then, the study summarizes the characteristics and applicable objects of each model. Combined with specific laws and regulations, the current ownership and the existing deficiencies of intellectual property in Anhui Province are discussed. Moreover, the study classifies the dilemma of intellectual property income distribution and proposes specific countermeasures. Simultaneously, the study explores the current existence of intellectual property protection in Anhui Province with the revised “Promotion of the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements Law” as the background. Finally, this study suggests perfect measures from five aspects, namely, strengthening the construction of laws and regulations, increasing innovation investment, promoting result conversion mechanism, improving the enterprise-based assessment system, and cultivating intermediary institutions. The objective is to promote the healthy development of Anhui’s intellectual property system. Keywords: open innovation, cooperation mode, ownership of property rights, income from property rights, protection of property rights DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/12-27-08 Publication date:September 30th 202

Changes and Countermeasures of Investigation Activities Under the Background of Big Data

In recent years, the ideas and methods of big data have caused a substantial change in the field of social and economic life and brought new opportunities and challenges to the public, prosecutors, and judicial organs. However, academic research on big data investigation is still at an early stage, and no theory and method of using big data systems have been formed. Therefore, this study focuses on examining the effect of big data on modern investigation activities and discusses how to use big data to improve the efficiency of investigation activities. The study also proposes the author’s views and opinions on how to maintain high efficiency in big data investigations. This study investigates the application of big data in investigative activities. First, the background of big data and the significance of studying big data investigation are introduced. On this basis, the origin and development of big data and the informatization of investigation are systematically classified. The connotation and changes of the investigation and the informatization of investigation under the background of big data are further examined. This study suggests that big data influences investigative thinking, investigative methods, and techniques. Moreover, traditional investigation methods should be reformed to understand big data investigation. Last, considering the risks that big data may bring to investigation activities, how to use big data to enhance investigation activities from the perspectives of privacy protection, platform establishment, and talent training is analyzed. Keywords: big data, investigation activities, investigation reform and response DOI: 10.7176/DCS10-9-06 Publication date:September 30th 202

Research on Evaluation of Regional Ecological Innovation Efficiency in Anhui Province

With the development of technology, the negative effects brought about by innovation have become more and more attractive. But there are few studies on the relative efficiency of input and output in a region. Since the input and output of a region are multidimensional variables. Therefore, this paper adopts the DEA method, first analyzes 16 cities in Anhui Province without environmental pollution index, and finds that Hefei is in an inefficient region with decreasing scale. Under the same input, it is necessary to improve the efficiency of technology input. After introducing the environmental index, Hefei has reached the effective input standard, and four cities have not reached the effective decision-making unit. Among them, Maanshan, Xuancheng and Anqing are in the stage of increasing returns to scale. For these three regions, technology investment can be increased. . Based on the results of the above data analysis, the corresponding measures are proposed and the direction of policy designation is indicated. Keywords: ecological innovation; efficiency; environmental pollution index; Anhui DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/87-07 Publication date:July 31st 2019

Study on the rights and interests of subject in clinical trials

Clinical trials are essential measures to determine the efficacy and safety of drugs. Clinical trials of new drugs and new medical devices have also received strong support at the national level. In the case of more and more clinical trial cases, how to better protect the rights of the subject becomes a problem that needs to be discussed in more depth. Based on the background of the development of clinical trials, this paper describes the lack of rights protection under the traditional support methods of clinical trial subject and then analyzes the problems of the subject’s right to life, body autonomy, informed consent, privacy and compensation. Problems with current subject rights protection and possible safeguards. The paper believes that the development and application of new life technologies make the clinical trial process more complicated and the results more uncertain. Therefore, the protection of traditional subject rights is not perfect, we need to expand legislative coverage, improve the rights dimension of subject rights protection and the structural dimension analysis of the ethics review committee which are effective measures to protect the rights of subject. Keywords: clinical trial, subject rights, rights protection DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/9-12-01 Publication date: December 31st 2019

Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate Prevents Radiation-Induced Toxicity in H9c2 Cardiomyocytes

The present study was designed to elucidate the key parameters associated with X-ray radiation induced oxidative stress and the effects of STS on X-ray-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Cytotoxicity of STS and radiation was assessed by MTT. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by SOD and MDA. Apoptosis was measured by the flow cytometry, Hoechst 33258, clonogenic survival assay, and western blot. It was found that the cell viability of H9c2 cells exposed to X-ray radiation was significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner and was associated with cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase as well as apoptosis. STS treatment significantly reversed the morphological changes, attenuated radiation-induced apoptosis, and improved the antioxidant activity in the H9c2 cells. STS significantly increased the Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax levels and decreased the Bax and caspase-3 levels, compared with the cells treated with radiation alone. STS treatment also resulted in a significant increase in p38-MAPK activation. STS could protect the cells from X-ray-induced cell cycle arrest, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Therefore, we suggest the STS could be useful for the treatment of radiation-induced cardiovascular injury

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of limb spasticity following multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Pilot trials have suggested that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may reduce limb spasticity in multiple sclerosis (MS). We carried out the current meta-analysis to synthesize currently available evidence regarding such correlation. Up to November 2022, five international electronic databases (Cochrane CENTRAL, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL) and four Chinese electronic databases (CBM, CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP) were systematically searched to identify randomized trials comparing active rTMS and sham stimulation in patients with MS-related spasticity. Two reviewers independently selected studies and extracted data on study design, quality, clinical outcomes, and time points measured. The primary outcome was clinical spasticity relief after intervention. Secondary outcomes included spasticity at the follow-up visit 2 weeks later and post-treatment fatigue. Of 831 titles found, we included 8 studies (181 participants) in the quantitative analysis. Pooled analyses showed that rTMS therapy was associated with significant spasticity relief in the early post-intervention period [standardized mean differences (SMD): -0.67; 95%CI: -1.12 to -0.21], but there was insufficient evidence for rTMS in reducing spasticity at the follow-up visit 2 weeks later (SMD: -0.17; 95%CI: -0.52 to 0.17) and fatigue (SMD: -0.26; 95%CI: -0.84 to 0.31). This evidence supports the recommendations to treat MS-related spasticity with rTMS, but underlines the need for further large randomized trials