53 research outputs found
GPT-4V as Traffic Assistant: An In-depth Look at Vision Language Model on Complex Traffic Events
The recognition and understanding of traffic incidents, particularly traffic
accidents, is a topic of paramount importance in the realm of intelligent
transportation systems and intelligent vehicles. This area has continually
captured the extensive focus of both the academic and industrial sectors.
Identifying and comprehending complex traffic events is highly challenging,
primarily due to the intricate nature of traffic environments, diverse
observational perspectives, and the multifaceted causes of accidents. These
factors have persistently impeded the development of effective solutions. The
advent of large vision-language models (VLMs) such as GPT-4V, has introduced
innovative approaches to addressing this issue. In this paper, we explore the
ability of GPT-4V with a set of representative traffic incident videos and
delve into the model's capacity of understanding these complex traffic
situations. We observe that GPT-4V demonstrates remarkable cognitive,
reasoning, and decision-making ability in certain classic traffic events.
Concurrently, we also identify certain limitations of GPT-4V, which constrain
its understanding in more intricate scenarios. These limitations merit further
exploration and resolution
Real-Time And Robust 3D Object Detection with Roadside LiDARs
This work aims to address the challenges in autonomous driving by focusing on
the 3D perception of the environment using roadside LiDARs. We design a 3D
object detection model that can detect traffic participants in roadside LiDARs
in real-time. Our model uses an existing 3D detector as a baseline and improves
its accuracy. To prove the effectiveness of our proposed modules, we train and
evaluate the model on three different vehicle and infrastructure datasets. To
show the domain adaptation ability of our detector, we train it on an
infrastructure dataset from China and perform transfer learning on a different
dataset recorded in Germany. We do several sets of experiments and ablation
studies for each module in the detector that show that our model outperforms
the baseline by a significant margin, while the inference speed is at 45 Hz (22
ms). We make a significant contribution with our LiDAR-based 3D detector that
can be used for smart city applications to provide connected and automated
vehicles with a far-reaching view. Vehicles that are connected to the roadside
sensors can get information about other vehicles around the corner to improve
their path and maneuver planning and to increase road traffic safety.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2204.0013
Vision Language Models in Autonomous Driving and Intelligent Transportation Systems
The applications of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in the fields of Autonomous
Driving (AD) and Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have attracted
widespread attention due to their outstanding performance and the ability to
leverage Large Language Models (LLMs). By integrating language data, the
vehicles, and transportation systems are able to deeply understand real-world
environments, improving driving safety and efficiency. In this work, we present
a comprehensive survey of the advances in language models in this domain,
encompassing current models and datasets. Additionally, we explore the
potential applications and emerging research directions. Finally, we thoroughly
discuss the challenges and research gap. The paper aims to provide researchers
with the current work and future trends of VLMs in AD and ITS
The Hippo/YAP pathway interacts with EGFR signaling and HPV oncoproteins to regulate cervical cancer progression
The Hippo signaling pathway controls organ size and tumorigenesis
through a kinase cascade that inactivates Yes-associated
protein (YAP). Here, we show that YAP plays a central role in
controlling the progression of cervical cancer. Our results suggest
that YAP expression is associated with a poor prognosis for cervical
cancer. TGF-α and amphiregulin (AREG), via EGFR, inhibit the Hippo
signaling pathway and activate YAP to induce cervical cancer cell
proliferation and migration. Activated YAP allows for up-regulation
of TGF-α, AREG, and EGFR, forming a positive signaling loop to
drive cervical cancer cell proliferation. HPV E6 protein, a major
etiological molecule of cervical cancer, maintains high YAP protein
levels in cervical cancer cells by preventing proteasome-dependent
YAP degradation to drive cervical cancer cell proliferation. Results
from human cervical cancer genomic databases and an accepted
transgenic mouse model strongly support the clinical relevance of
the discovered feed-forward signaling loop. Our study indicates
that combined targeting of the Hippo and the ERBB signaling pathways
represents a novel therapeutic strategy for prevention and
treatment of cervical cancer
Clinical Study Efficacy of Combined Laparoscopic and Hysteroscopic Repair of Post-Cesarean Section Uterine Diverticulum: A Retrospective Analysis
Background. Diverticulum, one of the long-term sequelae of cesarean section, can cause abnormal uterine bleeding and increase the risk of uterine scar rupture. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combined laparoscopic and hysteroscopic repair, a newly occurring method, treating post-cesarean section uterine scar diverticulum. Methods. Data relating to 40 patients with post-cesarean section uterine diverticulum who underwent combined laparoscopic and hysteroscopic repair were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative clinical manifestations, size of uterine defects, thickness of the lower uterine segment (LUS), and duration of menstruation were compared with follow-up findings at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Results. The average preoperative length and width of uterine diverticula and thickness of the lower uterine segment were recorded and analyzed. The average durations of menstruations at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery were significantly shorter than the preoperative one ( < 0.05), respectively. At 6 months after surgery, the overall success improvement rate of surgery was 90% (36/40). Three patients (3/40 = 7.5%) developed partial improvement, and 1/40 (2.5%) was lost to follow-up. Conclusions. Our findings showed that combined treatment with laparoscopy and hysteroscopy was an effective method for the repair of post-cesarean section uterine diverticulum
Senescent renal tubular epithelial cells activate fibroblasts by secreting Shh to promote the progression of diabetic kidney disease
IntroductionDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the complications of diabetes; however, the pathogenesis is not yet clear. A recent study has shown that senescence is associated with the course of DKD. In the present study, we explored whether senescent renal tubular cells promote renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by secreting Sonic hedgehog (Shh) which mediates fibroblast activation and proliferation in DKD.MethodsA 36-week-old db/db mice model and the renal tubular epithelial cells were cultured in high glucose (HG, 60 mmol/L) medium for in vivo and in vitro experiments.ResultsCompared to db/m mice, blood glucose, microalbuminuria, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and UACR (microalbuminuria/urine creatinine) were markedly increased in db/db mice. Collagen III, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were also increased in db/db mice kidneys, suggesting fibrosis and inflammation in the organ. Moreover, the detection of SA-β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) showed that the activity of SA-β-Gal in the cytoplasm of renal tubular epithelial cells increased, and the cell cycle inhibition of the expression of senescence-related gene cell cycle inhibitor p16INK4A protein and p21 protein increased, indicating that renal fibrosis in db/db mice was accompanied by cell senescence. Furthermore, Shh is highly expressed in the injured renal tubules and in the kidney tissue of db/db mice, as detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of immunofluorescence staining showed increased positive staining for Shh in renal tubular epithelial cells of db/db mice and decreased positive staining for Lamin B1, but increased positive staining for γH2A.X in cells with high Shh expression; similar results were obtained in vitro. In addition, HG stimulated renal tubular epithelial cells to secrete Shh in the supernatant of the medium. D-gal treatment of renal tubular epithelial cells increased the protein levels of Shh and p21. We also found enhanced activation and proliferation of fibroblasts cultured with the supernatant of renal tubular epithelial cells stimulated by HG medium but the proliferative effect was significantly diminished when co-cultured with cyclopamine (CPN), an inhibitor of the Shh pathway.DiscussionIn conclusion, HG induces renal tubular epithelial cell senescence, and the secretion of senescence-associated proteins and Shh mediates inflammatory responses and fibroblast activation and proliferation, ultimately leading to renal fibrosis
Novel Uninterruptible Phase-Separation Passing and Power Quality Compensation Scheme Based on Modular Multilevel Converter for Double-Track Electrified Railway
Over-voltage and over-current problems of locomotives when passing phase separation and negative sequence current penetration seriously influence the safety of double-track electrified railway and public power systems. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a novel uninterruptible power supply phase separation passing and power quality compensation (UPSP-PQC) scheme for double-track electrified railway. Three working modes of UPSP-PQC are put forward, including uninterruptible phase separation passing mode, power quality compensation mode and uninterruptible phase separation passing priority, and power quality compensation optimum mode. A three-leg modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology of UPSP-PQC is proposed and the corresponding control strategy has been studied. PSCAD/EMTDC simulation is performed to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed scheme and its control method
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