Amplified endomorphisms of Fano fourfolds

Let $X$ be a smooth Fano fourfold admitting a conic bundle structure. We show that $X$ is toric if and only if $X$ admits an amplified endomorphism; in this case, $X$ is a rational variety.Comment: 34 pages; comments are welcome

Protecting Two-Qubit Quantum States by π\pi-Phase Pulses

We study the state decay of two qubits interacted with a common harmonic oscillator reservoir. There are both decoherence error and the error caused by the amplitude change of the superradiant state. We show that frequent $\pi$-phase pulses can eliminate both typpes of errors therefore protect a two-qubit odd-parity state more effectively than the frequent measurement method. This shows that the the methods using dynamical decoupling and the quantum Zeno effects actually can give rather {\em different} results when the operation frequency is finite

Economic and Environmental Optimization in the Supply of Switchgrass in Tennessee

The low efficiency of collection, storage and transportation in the switchgrass supply chain has hindered the commercialization of a switchgrass-based biofuel industry, even given its ecological and environmental advantages in carbon sequestrate, soil quality, water use, and pollution pressure. Thus, designing a switchgrass-based supply chain balancing both environmental and economic performance is important to expedite the development of the cellulosic biofuel industry to meet the national energy plan. The objectives of this study are to 1) determine economic cost and multiple environmental outcomes in feedstock supply chains and 2) identify the relation between the economic and environmental performances. The first paper considers three objectives: minimization of economic cost, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and soil erosions. The second paper focuses on the relation between economic cost and abated greywater footprint for industrialized supply of cellulosic biofuel in west Tennessee. The improved augmented epsilon method and compromise solution method were applied to high-resolution spatial data to determine the optimal placement of the feedstock supply chains. Results in the first paper indicated that land change into switchgrass production is crucial to both plant-gate cost and environmental impact of feedstock supply. Converting croplands to switchgrass incurred higher opportunity cost from land use change but stored more soil carbon and generated less soil erosion. Tradeoffs in higher feedstock costs with lower GHG emissions and lower soil erosion on the frontier were captured. Soil erosion was found more cost effective criterion than GHG emission in general. The compromise solution location for the conversion facility generated at 63% increase in feedstock cost but improved the environmental impact in lowering 27 % GHG emission and decreasing soil erosion by 70 times lower in the feedstock supply chain compared with cost minimization location. Results in the second paper showed that tradeoff between feedstock costs and greywater footprint was mainly associated with the changes of land use, while ambient water quality condition was also influential to the selection of feedstock production area. The average imputed cost of lowering grey water footprint in the most preferred feedstock supply chain in west Tennessee was $0.94 m-3 [per cubic meter]

Distinction and quantification of carry-over and sample interaction in gas segmented continuous flow analysis

The formulae for calculation of carry-over and sample interaction are derived for the first time in this study. A scheme proposed by Thiers et al. (two samples of low concentration followed by a high concentration sample and low concentration sample) is verified and recommended for the determination of the carry-over coeffcient. The derivation demonstrates that both widely used schemes of a high concentration sample followed by two low concentration samples, and a low concentration sample followed by two high concentration samples actually measure the sum of the carry-over coeffcient and sample interaction coefficient. A scheme of three low concentration samples followed by a high concentration sample is proposed and verified for determination of the sample interaction coeffcient. Experimental results indicate that carry-over is a strong function of cycle time and a weak function of ratio of sample time to wash time. Sample dispersion is found to be a function of sample time. Fitted equations can be used to predict the carry-over, absorbance and dispersion given sample times, and wash times for an analytical system. Results clearly show the important role of intersample air segmentation in reducing carry-over, sample interaction and dispersion

A Covert Data Transport Protocol

Both enterprise and national firewalls filter network connections. For data forensics and botnet removal applications, it is important to establish the information source. In this paper, we describe a data transport layer which allows a client to transfer encrypted data that provides no discernible information regarding the data source. We use a domain generation algorithm (DGA) to encode AES encrypted data into domain names that current tools are unable to reliably differentiate from valid domain names. The domain names are registered using (free) dynamic DNS services. The data transmission format is not vulnerable to Deep Packet Inspection (DPI).Comment: 8 pages, 10 figures, conferenc

Aspects of Warped AdS3_3/CFT2_2 Correspondence

In this paper we apply the thermodynamics method to investigate the holographic pictures for the BTZ black hole, the spacelike and the null warped black holes in three-dimensional topologically massive gravity (TMG) and new massive gravity (NMG). Even though there are higher derivative terms in these theories, the thermodynamics method is still effective. It gives consistent results with the ones obtained by using asymptotical symmetry group (ASG) analysis. In doing the ASG analysis we develop a brute-force realization of the Barnich-Brandt-Compere formalism with Mathematica code, which also allows us to calculate the masses and the angular momenta of the black holes. In particular, we propose the warped AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$ correspondence in the new massive gravity, which states that quantum gravity in the warped spacetime could holographically dual to a two-dimensional CFT with c_R=c_L=\f{24}{Gm\b^2\sr{2(21-4\b^2)}}.Comment: 22 pages, references added, published version, link of Mathematica code changed to https://s.yunio.com/Mtus0z or http://pan.baidu.com/s/1mToF