Beyond Intra-modality: A Survey of Heterogeneous Person Re-identification

An efficient and effective person re-identification (ReID) system relieves the users from painful and boring video watching and accelerates the process of video analysis. Recently, with the explosive demands of practical applications, a lot of research efforts have been dedicated to heterogeneous person re-identification (Hetero-ReID). In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art Hetero-ReID methods that address the challenge of inter-modality discrepancies. According to the application scenario, we classify the methods into four categories -- low-resolution, infrared, sketch, and text. We begin with an introduction of ReID, and make a comparison between Homogeneous ReID (Homo-ReID) and Hetero-ReID tasks. Then, we describe and compare existing datasets for performing evaluations, and survey the models that have been widely employed in Hetero-ReID. We also summarize and compare the representative approaches from two perspectives, i.e., the application scenario and the learning pipeline. We conclude by a discussion of some future research directions. Follow-up updates are avaible at: https://github.com/lightChaserX/Awesome-Hetero-reIDComment: Accepted by IJCAI 2020. Project url: https://github.com/lightChaserX/Awesome-Hetero-reI

LGBMDF: A cascade forest framework with LightGBM for predicting drug-target interactions

Prediction of drug-target interactions (DTIs) plays an important role in drug development. However, traditional laboratory methods to determine DTIs require a lot of time and capital costs. In recent years, many studies have shown that using machine learning methods to predict DTIs can speed up the drug development process and reduce capital costs. An excellent DTI prediction method should have both high prediction accuracy and low computational cost. In this study, we noticed that the previous research based on deep forests used XGBoost as the estimator in the cascade, we applied LightGBM instead of XGBoost to the cascade forest as the estimator, then the estimator group was determined experimentally as three LightGBMs and three ExtraTrees, this new model is called LGBMDF. We conducted 5-fold cross-validation on LGBMDF and other state-of-the-art methods using the same dataset, and compared their Sn, Sp, MCC, AUC and AUPR. Finally, we found that our method has better performance and faster calculation speed

Fosthiazate inhibits root-knot disease and alters rhizosphere microbiome of Cucumis melo var. saccharinus

Root-knot nematodes especially Meloidogyne spp. are considered as most destructive obligate parasites that substantially reduce crop yield and quality. Fosthiazate is an efficient organothiophosphate chemical with nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne spp. The present study aimed to analyze the efficacy of fosthiazate against root-knot disease in Cucumis melo var. saccharinus and its potential effects on rhizosphere microbiome and metabolites. The fosthiazate (40%) was applied two times by spraying on the day of transplanting and during the pollination period (after 31 days). Samples from treatment (fosthiazate 40%: MF) and control groups (untreated plants; MCK) were analysed through metagenomic and metabolomic profiling of rhizospheres. Results revealed that root-knot index of the MF group (9.26 ± 1.28) was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than the MCK group (22.06 ± 0.71) with a control effect of 57.85% after 31 days of the first spray, whereas fosthiazate efficacy reduced to 31.87% after 38 days of second application with significantly (p < 0.05) different root-knot index values (MF: 56 ± 1.43 and; MCK: 82.26 ± 3.87). However, Cucumis melo var. saccharinus fruit yield in both groups (MCK: 21.1 ± 0.9 and MF: 21.53 ± 0.85) showed no differences (p > 0.05). Metagenomic profiling revealed Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, and Firmicutes as predominant phyla and Bacillus, Sphingomonas, and Acidibacter as predominant genera in rhizosphere soil samples of both MF and MCK groups. Further, a t-test revealed higher differential enrichment of Firmicutes at phylum level and Bacillus at genus level in MF than MCK. Metabolomic profiling of rhizospheric soil revealed a total of six differential metabolites (p < 0.05), four of them (Sucrose, Hexaonic acid 1, (Z)-9-Octadecenamide 1, and Hexadecanamide) were up-regulated in MF group, whereas two of them (2,3,4-Trihydroxy-3-(Hydroxymethyl) Butanol and Sulfurous acid, 2, ethylhexylundecyl ester) were down-regulated in CK group. Our study concluded that fosthiazate exhibits a better control over the rook-knot disease in the short term and resulted in trackable changes in rhizosphere microbiome and metabolome

Virtual reality-induced motor function of the upper extremity and brain activation in stroke: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundThe benefits of virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation were reported in patients after stroke, but there is insufficient evidence about how VR promotes brain activation in the central nervous system. Hence, we designed this study to explore the effects of VR-based intervention on upper extremity motor function and associated brain activation in stroke patients.Methods/designIn this single-center, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial with a blinded assessment of outcomes, a total of 78 stroke patients will be assigned randomly to either the VR group or the control group. All stroke patients who have upper extremity motor deficits will be tested with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and clinical evaluation. Clinical assessment and fMRI will be performed three times on each subject. The primary outcome is the change in performance on the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity Scale (FMA-UE). Secondary outcomes are functional independence measure (FIM), Barthel Index (BI), grip strength, and changes in the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) effect in the ipsilesional and contralesional primary motor cortex (M1) on the left and right hemispheres assessed with resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI), task-state fMRI (ts-fMRI), and changes in EEG at the baseline and weeks 4 and 8.DiscussionThis study aims to provide high-quality evidence for the relationship between upper extremity motor function and brain activation in stroke. In addition, this is the first multimodal neuroimaging study that explores the evidence for neuroplasticity and associated upper motor function recovery after VR in stroke patients.Clinical trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, identifier: ChiCTR2200063425

Biological control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 using natively isolated bacillus spp. YN0904 and YN1419

Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB) is the main threatening factor for banana production worldwide. To explore bacterial biocontrol resources for FWB, the antagonistic effective strains were isolated from banana-producing areas in Yunnan Province, China. Two isolates (YN0904 and YN1419) displaying strong antagonism against Tropical Race 4 (TR4) were identified from a total of 813 strains of endophytic bacteria. TR4 inhibition rates of YN0904 and YN1419 were 79.6% and 81.3%, respectively. By looking at morphological, molecular, physiological and biochemical charac teristics, YN0904 was identified as Bacillus myloliquefaciens, while YN1419 was identified as as B. subtillis. The control effects of YN0904 and YN1419 on TR4 in greenhouse experiments were 82.6% and 85.6%, respectively. Furthermore, YN0904 obviously promoted the growth of banana plantlets. In addition, biocontrol marker genes related to the biosynthesis of antibiotics synthesized and auxin key synthetase genes could be detected in YN0904. Surprisingly, the marker gene sboA could be exclusively detected in YN1419, while other marker genes were all absent. Molecular characteriza tion results could provide a theoretical basis for expounding the biocontrol mechanisms of these two strains. We concluded that natively antagonistic strains derived from local banana plantations could provide new biological control resources for FWB

リュツォ・ホルム湾，プリンスオラフ海岸，及び，エンダビーランド地質調査隊報告2016-2017（JARE-58）

第58次日本南極地域観測隊（JARE-58）では，2016−2017の夏期期間にリュツォ・ホルム湾，プリンスオラフ海岸，及び，エンダビーランドにおいて地質調査をおこなった．調査隊のメンバーは，日本人地質研究者4名とアジア地域（タイ，インドネシア，モンゴル）の交換科学者3名で構成され，本吉隊長が一部期間の調査に加わった．第58次夏期観測では，「しらせ」搭載の2機の大型ヘリコプター（CH101）とともに観測隊チャーターの小型ヘリコプター（AS350）1機による野外調査の支援がなされた．本稿では，観測計画を実施するための，主に設営面での計画，準備，そして行動経過について報告する．The 58th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE-58) conducted geological field surveys in the regions of Lützow-Holm Bay, Prince Olav Coast, and Enderby Land during the 2016−2017 austral summer season. The field party consisted of four Japanese geologists and three Asian geologists (Thai, Indonesian, Mongolian), and was joined periodically by JARE-58 expedition leader, Prof. Motoyoshi. Field parties were supported throughout the summer season by a smaller secondary helicopter (AS350) in addition to two main helicopters (CH101) stationed on the icebreaker Shirase. This report summarizes field preparations and the geological work undertaken, and highlights several key points for future planning and research