Market Integration and Industrial Structure: Home Market Effects Revisited

Does market size matter for industrial structure? This paper generalises the theory on home market effects to reconcile the recent debate by allowing for an endogenous expenditure share on differentiated goods. It is shown that, in general, market size matters for industrial structure. Even when both sectors face identical transport costs, a "home market effect" can arise, disappear, or reverse in sign, depending on whether the elasticity of substitution between the homogenous good and the composite of differentiated goods is greater than, equal to, or less than one. It is also shown that a commonly used benchmark - the relative market size in a one-factor economy - for discussing trade and industrial structure is, in general, not correct. The results should change common perceptions about how market integration affects a country's industrial structure. In particular, it is not always correct to consider a country that ends up with a less-than-proportionate of manufacturing industry in market integration to be "de-industrialised".

A single impurity in an ideal atomic Fermi gas: current understanding and some open problems

We briefly review some current theoretical and experimental aspects of the problem of a single spinless impurity in a 3D polarised atomic Fermi gas at zero temperature where the interactions can be tuned using a wide Feshbach resonance. We show that various few-body states in vacuum composed of the impurity and background gas atoms (single impurity, dimer, trimer, tetramer) give rise to corresponding dressed states ({\em polaron}, {\em dimeron}, {\em trimeron}, {\em tetrameron}) in the gas and inherit many of their characteristics. We study the ground state focussing on the choice of wave function and its properties. We raise a few unsolved problems: whether the polaron and dimeron are really separate branches, what other few-body states might exist, the nature of the groundstate for large numbers of particle-hole pairs and why is the polaron ansatz so good. We then turn to the excited states, and to the calculation of the effective mass. We examine the bounds on the effective mass and raise a conjecture about that of composite quasiparticle states.Comment: Review asked by Journal of the Indian Institute of Science, to appear in Vol. 94 No. 2 (Apr. - Jun. 2014) Cold Atom Quantum Emulators: From Condensed Matter to Filed Theory to Optical Clock

Wigner crystal induced by dipole-dipole interaction in one-dimensional optical lattices

We demonstrate that the static structure factor, momentum distribution and density distribution provide clear signatures of the emergence of Wigner crystal for the fermionic dipolar gas with strongly repulsive dipole-dipole interactions trapped in one-dimensional optical lattices. Our numerical evidences are based on the exact diagonalization of the microscopic effective lattice Hamiltonian of few particles interacting with long-range interactions. As a comparison, we also study the system with only nearest-neighbor interactions, which displays quite different behaviors from the dipolar system in the regime of strong repulsion.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

Linear analysis of three-dimensional instability of non-Newtonian liquid jets

The instability behaviour of non-Newtonian liquid jets moving in an inviscid gaseous environment is investigated theoretically for three-dimensional disturbances. The corresponding dispersion relation between the wave growth rate and the wavenumber is derived. Results for axisymmetrical non-Newtonian jets, the Newtonian jets, and the inviscid jets are recovered, and it is shown that two-dimensional disturbances are the most dangerous for the considered set of parameters