Evaluation of the effect of different doses of biochar application on the yield of soybean cultivar sculptor in the conditions of аgroecological station of K.A. Timiryazev

In the conditions of the academic fields of the Timiryazev Academy (Moscow, Russia), an experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of biochar on soybean cultivar Sculptor. Plots of 0.25 ha were laid on arable sod-podzolic soils, the doses of biochar application were 3 kg/m2, 1 kg/ m2 and reference variant without application. The plots were established in triplicate. The results of the studies showed an improvement in a number of soil properties at 1 kg per m2, with more plant biomass, more stem pods per plant. With application of 3 kg per m2 - development of soybean variety Sculptor did not have the necessary effect, at the first stages soybean developed rapidly, but later only slow development of weed plants was noted. On the reference plots plants had a smaller biomass compared to the variant with the application of 1 kg per m2. Application of biochar to soybean crops shows a positive effect on yield and biomass of plants at the application dose of 1 kg per m2

Spatially-temporal distribution of moisture content and dynamics of greenhouse gas emissions from upper soil horizons in floodplain fallow lands of Bashmakovsky district of Penza oblast

There are more than 1’300 thousand hectares of fallow lands potentially suitable for agricultural producers in the Penza region of Russia, which is 31% of the region total area. More than 300000 hectares of land have been abandoned for more than 20 years, and territory already became forest. Additionally soils under young forests – actively sequester carbon dioxide in soil. How much it makes sense to raise fallow land in terms of climate change and which areas produce the most carbon dioxide from the soil is a research question of great interest. In addition to vegetation, factors such as soil moisture and temperature influence the carbon dioxide emission from soil. As a result, the greenhouse gas fluxes monitoring, we can conclude that forest areas and natural ecosystems mostly deposit carbon dioxide, as the amount of available carbon increases due to a greater increase in biomass. Areas that are used in agriculture produce more nitrous oxide and methane, but less carbon dioxide, which is associated with the specifics of fertilization