300 research outputs found
Crystal growth and characterization of the antiperovskite superconductor MgC1-xNi3-y
By varying the parameters controlling the growth of crystals, including the
thermodynamic variables, such as temperature, pressure, and reagent composition
and the kinetic factors, namely reaction time and cooling rate, we found the
most appropriate conditions for the reproducible growth of the
nonstoichiometric antiperovskite superconductors MgC1-xNi3-y. Bulk single
crystals of MgC1-xNi3-y were grown by a self-flux method at 3 GPa and 1700 C
using a mixture of Mg, C, and Ni powders in a molar ratio 1:1.25:3. The
as-grown black colored crystals, mechanically extracted from solidified lump,
exhibit various irregular three dimensional shapes, with flat surfaces and
maximum dimensions up to ~ (1-1.2) x (0.8-1.0) x (0.4-0.6) mm3. Single-crystal
x-ray diffraction refinement confirmed the high structural perfection of the
grown crystals (Space group Pm-3m, No 221, Z = 1, a = 3.7913(1) {\AA}, and V =
54.5(1) {\AA}3), but also the presence of deficiencies on the C and Ni sites.
Temperature-dependent magnetization measurements showed a single-phase
behaviour with a critical temperature (Tc) ranging between 6.3 and 6.8 K due to
the slightly different C and Ni stoichiometries of MgC1-xNi3-y crystals. The
growth of relatively large crystals reported here could provide a helpful
guidance for further syntheses of various 3d-based antiperovskite
intermetallics under high pressure.Comment: 4 tables, 5 figure
Study of the in-plane magnetic penetration depth in the cuprate superconductor Ca_2-xNa_xCuO_2Cl_2: role of the apical sites
A study of the in-plane magnetic penetration depth \lambda_ab in a series of
the cuprate superconductors Ca_2-xNa_xCuO_2Cl_2 (Na-CCOC) with Na content
x=0.11, 0.12, 0.15, 0.18, and 0.19 is reported. The zero temperature values of
\lambda_ab(0) were obtained by means of the muon-spin rotation technique, as
well as from measurements of the intrinsic susceptibility \chi^int(0) by using
the procedure developed by Kanigel et al. [Phys.Rev.B 71, 224511 (2005)].
\lambda_ab at T=0K was found to increase with decreasing doping from
\lambda_ab(0)=316(19)nm for the x=0.19 sample to \lambda_ab(0)=430(26)nm for
the x=0.11 one. From a comparison of the present Na-CCOC data with those of
Bi2201 and La214 cuprate superconductors it is concluded that substitution of
the apical oxygen by chlorine decreases the coupling between the
superconducting CuO_2 planes, leading to an enhancement of the two-dimensional
properties of Na-CCOC.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure
High-pressure growth and characterization of bulk MnAs single crystals
Bulk single crystals of manganese arsenide (MnAs) were grown from melt at 1
GPa and 1100 {\deg}C by using a cubic-anvil, high-pressure, and
high-temperature technique. The as-grown black colored crystals extracted from
solidified lump exhibit a plate-like morphology, with flat surfaces and maximum
dimensions up to ~ 3 x 2 x 0.5 mm3. The hexagonal crystal structure at room
temperature was confirmed by X-ray diffraction [B81, space group P63/mmc, No
194, Z = 2, a = 3.7173(4) {\AA}, b = 3.7173(4) {\AA}, c = 5.7054(8) {\AA}, and
V = 68.277(16) {\AA}3]. Temperature-dependent magnetization measurements reveal
the occurrence of a first-order ferro- to paramagnetic transition at Tc = 318.5
K accompanied by a hysteresis of ~ 9 K. The successful growth of relatively
large crystals reported here might be extended to various substituted analogues
of MnAs, thus opening new possibilities for further exploration of this
interesting system.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1705.1049
Anharmonicity and self-energy effects of the E2g phonon in MgB2
We present a Raman scattering study of the E2g phonon anharmonicity and of
superconductivity induced self-energy effects in MgB2 single crystals. We show
that anharmonic two phonon decay is mainly responsible for the unusually large
linewidth of the E2g mode. We observe ~ 2.5 % hardening of the E2g phonon
frequency upon cooling into the superconducting state and estimate the
electron-phonon coupling strength associated with this renormalization.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted to PR
Normal state bottleneck and nematic fluctuations from femtosecond quasi-particle relaxation dynamics in Sm(Fe,Co)AsO
We investigate temperature and fluence dependent dynamics of the photoexcited
quasi-particle relaxation and low-energy electronic structure in electron-doped
1111-structure Sm(Fe_{0.93}Co_{0.07})AsO single crystal. We find that the
behavior is qualitatively identical to the 122-structure Ba(Fe,Co)_{2}As_{2}
including the presence of a normal state pseudogap and a marked 2-fold symmetry
breaking in the tetragonal phase that we relate to the electronic nematicity.
The 2-fold symmetry breaking appears to be a general feature of the electron
doped iron pnictides
Critical current anisotropy in Nd-1111 single crystals and the infuence of neutron irradiation
We report on angle-resolved magnetization measurements on
NdFeAsOF (Nd-1111) single crystals. The field dependence of
the critical current density, , is non-monotonous in these crystals at all
orientations and temperatures due to the fishtail effect, which strongly
influences the angular dependence of . The currents decrease as the field
is tilted from the crystallographic c-axis at low fields, but increase at high
fields. A peak occurs in the angular dependence of at intermediate
fields. The critical currents are significantly enhanced after irradiation with
fast neutrons and the fishtail disappears. The different current anisotropies
at low and high fields, however, persist. We discuss the data in the framework
of the anisotropic scaling approach and propose a transition from dominant
pinning by large defects of low density at low fields to pinning by small
defects of high density at high fields in the pristine crystal. Strong pinning
dominates at all fields after the irradiation, and the angular dependence of
can be described by anisotropic scaling only after an appropriate
extension to this pinning regime
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