2-(m-Tol­yloxy)benzoic acid

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C14H12O3, the mol­ecules form classical O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonded carb­oxy­lic acid dimers. The dihedral angle between the two rings is 80.9 (3)°

Bis(μ2-2-chloro­benzoato-κ2 O:O′)bis­[(2-chloro­benzoato-κO)(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N:N′)copper(II)] dihydrate

In the title compound, [Cu2(C7H4ClO2)4(C12H8N2)2]·2H2O, the two crystallographically independent dinuclear complex mol­ecules, A and B, have different Cu⋯Cu separations, viz. 3.286 (1) Å in A and 3.451 (1) Å in B. Both independent mol­ecules reside on inversion centres, so the asymmetric unit contains a half-mol­ecule each of A and B and two water mol­ecules. Each Cu atom has a square-pyramidal environment, being coordinated by two O atoms from two bridging 2-chloro­benzoate ligands, one O atom from a monodentate 2-chloro­benzoate ligand and two N atoms from a 1,10-phenanthroline ligand. The water mol­ecules can also be considered as coordinating ligands, which complete the coordination geometry up to distorted octa­hedral with elongated Cu—O distances, viz. 3.024 (3) Å in A and 2.917 (3) Å in B. In the crystal, weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions contribute to the consolidation of the crystal packing

Diethyl 2-{[(4-meth­oxy-3-pyrid­yl)amino]­methyl­idene}malonate

In the title mol­ecule, C14H8N2O5, the amino group is involved in the formation an intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond. In the crystal, weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into ribbons along the b axis

Does global value chain engagement improve export quality? Evidence from Chinese manufacturing firms

Using a firm-level data set of Chinese manufacturing sector, we examine whether global value chain (G.V.C.) engagement induces firms to upgrade the quality of the goods that they export. Empirical results show that G.V.C. participation has positive impact on export product quality, and this finding is consistent across several robustness checks. However, the influence of G.V.C. embedment on export quality presents an ‘inverted-U’ shape. The mechanism analysis demonstrates that the effect of G.V.C. participation on export quality is driven by competition effect and firms’ willingness to import high-quality intermediates. Furthermore, the quality effect of G.V.C. embedment differs depending on firm characteristics. This article therefore contributes to a better understanding of the benefits of participation in G.V.C.s for manufacturing firms from developing countries

A SiO J = 5 - 4 Survey Toward Massive Star Formation Regions

We performed a survey in the SiO $J=5\rightarrow4$ line toward a sample of 199 Galactic massive star-forming regions at different evolutionary stages with the SMT 10 m and CSO 10.4 m telescopes. The sample consists of 44 infrared dark clouds (IRDCs), 86 protostellar candidates, and 69 young \HII\ regions. We detected SiO $J=5\rightarrow4$ line emission in 102 sources, with a detection rate of 57\%, 37\%, and 65\% for IRDCs, protostellar candidates, and young \HII\ regions, respectively. We find both broad line with Full Widths at Zero Power (FWZP) $>$ 20 \kms and narrow line emissons of SiO in objects at various evolutionary stages, likely associated with high-velocity shocks and low-velocity shocks, respectively. The SiO luminosities do not show apparent differences among various evolutionary stages in our sample. We find no correlation between the SiO abundance and the luminosity-to-mass ratio, indicating that the SiO abundance does not vary significantly in regions at different evolutionary stages of star formation.Comment: 25 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in Ap

Excited Heavy Quarkonium Production at the LHC through WW-Boson Decays

Sizable amount of heavy-quarkonium events can be produced through $W$-boson decays at the LHC. Such channels will provide a suitable platform to study the heavy-quarkonium properties. The "improved trace technology", which disposes the amplitude ${\cal M}$ at the amplitude-level, is helpful for deriving compact analytical results for complex processes. As an important new application, in addition to the production of the lower-level Fock states $|(Q\bar{Q'})[1S]>$ and $|(Q\bar{Q'})[1P]>$, we make a further study on the production of higher-excited $|(Q\bar{Q'})>$-quarkonium Fock states $|(Q\bar{Q'})[2S]>$, $|(Q\bar{Q'})[3S]>$ and $|(Q\bar{Q'})[2P]>$. Here $|(Q\bar{Q'})>$ stands for the $|(c\bar{c})>$-charmonium, $|(c\bar{b})>$-quarkonium and $|(b\bar{b})>$-bottomonium respectively. We show that sizable amount of events for those higher-excited states can also be produced at the LHC. Therefore, we need to take them into consideration for a sound estimation.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figures and 6 tables. Typo errors are corrected, more discussions and two new figures have been adde