SLC7A11 inhibits ferroptosis and downregulates PD-L1 levels in lung adenocarcinoma

IntroductionLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a prevalent form of lung cancer originating from lung glandular cells with low survival rates despite recent therapeutic advances due to its diverse and complex nature. Recent evidence suggests a link between ferroptosis and the effectiveness of anti-PD-L1 therapy, with potential synergistic effects.MethodsOur study comprehensively analyzed the expression patterns of ferroptosis regulators in LUAD and their association with prognosis and PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, we identified two distinct subtypes of LUAD through consensus clustering of ferroptosis regulators, revealing significant tumor heterogeneity, divergent PD-L1 expression, and varying prognoses between the subtypes.ResultsAmong the selected ferroptosis regulators, SLC7A11 emerged as an independent prognostic marker for LUAD patients and exhibited a negative correlation with PD-L1 expression. Subsequent investigations revealed high expression of SLC7A11 in the LUAD population. In vitro experiments demonstrated that overexpression of SLC7A11 led to reduced PD-L1 expression and inhibited ferroptosis in A549 cells, underscoring the significant role of SLC7A11 in LUAD. Additionally, pan-cancer analyses indicated an association between SLC7A11 and the expression of immune checkpoint genes across multiple cancer types with poor prognoses.DiscussionFrom a clinical standpoint, these findings offer a foundation for identifying and optimizing potential combination strategies to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors and improve the prognosis of patients with LUAD

Mathematical model of stepped rotor type 12/14 bearingless switched reluctance motor based on maxwell stress method

The stator of the stepped rotor type bearingless switched reluctance motor has two kinds of wide and narrow stator teeth. The wide stator teeth provide suspension force, and the narrow stator teeth provide torque, so the decoupling control of torque and suspension force could be realized. The rotor consists of 14 rotor teeth, and the surface of each rotor tooth has a stepped structure, so that the motor can self-start from any rotor position. Although the motor with this special structure has certain performance advantages, it also leads to the complex distribution of air gap magnetic field, which brings difficulties to the establishment of mathematical model. In this paper, the integral path suitable for the stepped rotor structure is proposed and the mathematical model of the stepped rotor type bearingless switched reluctance motor is established according to Maxwell stress method. Finally, the finite element method is used to verify the correctness of the established mathematical model

The effects of grating anatase on the photovoltaic performance of perovskite based solar cells

Stimulated by the extraordinary power conversion efficiency (PCE) of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIP) based solar cells (SCs), the derivative studies on inorganic perovskites (IOP) based SCs have been intensely investigated. In order to overcome the disadvantages of CsPbBr3, most prominently the unfavorable larger band gap (2.3eV), a grating layer of mesoporous anatase TiO2(mp-TiO2) has been inserted into the conventional configuration of SCs. The grating layer acts as the electron transfer layer (ETL) and light absorption strengthening layer at the same time. Due to the combined effects, the increased contacting area increased the fill factor (FF) and enhanced light trapping in the grating layer increased the short-current density, the average PCE of IOP based SCs has increased from 5.67% to 7.58%, which is a ca. 34% increase relatively. Furthermore, research on traditional HOIP-based SCs is also conducted. Interestingly, the increasing PCE mechanism is quite different from their inorganic counterparts, which should be attributed to the strain effect of different film structures. Thus, the strain-induced defect charge-state transitions of MAPbI3 by the grating layer increased the open-circuit voltage (Voc); and similarly, the increased contacting area also increased the FF, resulting in a 13% increase for PCE

The influence of SEN structure on the flow and solidification phenomena in ultra-large-section beam blank mould

Due to the complex cross-section and scale effects, surface and internal defects are prone to occur in the ultra-large-section beam blank. In this study, a coupled model of steel liquid flow and heat transfer within a 1300 × 510 × 140 mm cross-section beam blank mould was established. The results indicate that single-port SEN reduced the flow activity on the meniscus, and the three-ports SEN led to significant high temperature zones and re-melting of the solidified shell in the flange tip and web. The four-ports nozzle not only optimizes the internal flow behavior of the mould but also enhances the uniformity of temperature and solidification. The maximum circumferential difference in shell thickness under the four-ports SEN was only 8.1 mm, compared to 13.2 mm and 13.8 mm under the single-port and three-ports SEN, respectively

Laser-Induced Graphene Arrays-Based Three-Phase Interface Enzyme Electrode for Reliable Bioassays

Electrochemical oxidase biosensors have been widely applied in healthcare, environmental measurements and the biomedical field. However, the low and fluctuant oxygen levels in solution and the high anodic detection potentially restrict the assay accuracy. To address these problems, in this work, we constructed a three-phase interface enzyme electrode by sequentially immobilizing H2O2 electrocatalysts and an oxidase layer on a superhydrophobic laser-induced graphene (LIG) array substrate. The LIG-based enzyme electrode possesses a solid–liquid–air three-phase interface where constant and sufficient oxygen can be supplied from the air phase to the enzymatic reaction zone, which enhances and stabilizes the oxidase kinetics. We discovered that the enzymatic reaction rate is 21.2-fold improved over that of a solid–liquid diphase system where oxygen is supplied from the liquid phase, leading to a 60-times wider linear detection range. Moreover, the three-phase enzyme electrode can employ a cathodic measuring principle for oxidase catalytic product H2O2 detection, which could minimize interferences arising from oxidizable molecules in biofluids and increase the detection selectivity. This work provides a simple and promising approach to the design and construction of high-performance bioassay systems

A New BAT and PageRank Algorithm for Propagation Probability in Social Networks

Social networks have increasingly become important and popular in modern times. Moreover, the influence of social networks plays a vital role in various organizations, including government organizations, academic research organizations and corporate organizations. Therefore, strategizing the optimal propagation strategy in social networks has also become more important. Increasing the precision of evaluating the propagation probability of social networks can indirectly influence the investment of cost, manpower and time for information propagation to achieve the best return. This study proposes a new algorithm, which includes a scale-free network, Barabási–Albert model, binary-addition tree (BAT) algorithm, PageRank algorithm, Personalized PageRank algorithm and a new BAT algorithm to calculate the propagation probability of social networks. The results obtained after implementing the simulation experiment of social network models show that the studied model and the proposed algorithm provide an effective method to increase the efficiency of information propagation in social networks. In this way, the maximum propagation efficiency is achieved with the minimum investment

Association between Serum Vitamin Levels and Depression in U.S. Adults 20 Years or Older Based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2006

Depression is one of the leading causes of disability around the world. Although several studies have been conducted to analyze the association between vitamins and depression, the results have been inconsistent. Based on the database of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2005–2006), a cross-sectional analysis was conducted to uncover the correlations between serum vitamin concentrations and depression in 2791 participants over 20 years of age. Vitamin concentrations in serum were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a standardized liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) or radioassay kit method. A nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression symptoms. The binary logistic regression model was applied to analyze the association between vitamins and depression. In the whole population, negative associations were discovered between folate concentrations (p for trend = 0.02), trans-β-carotene (p for trend = 0.01) and depression, while positive associations were found among vitamin B12 concentrations (p for trend = 0.008), vitamin A concentrations (p for trend = 0.01) and depression. In order to evaluate the influence of gender on the pathogenesis of depression of vitamins exposure, we performed gender-stratified analysis. In females, folate concentrations (p for trend = 0.03) and vitamin B12 concentrations (p for trend = 0.02) were correlated with depression. In males, no significant association was found between depression and serum vitamin concentrations. The correlation of vitamins with depression deserves further investigation in larger and diverse populations, especially in females

Toward High Energy Density All Solid-State Sodium Batteries with Excellent Flexibility

All solid-state sodium batteries (ASSBs) have attracted considerable attention due to their enhanced safety, long lifespan, and high energy density. However, several challenges have plagued the development of ASSBs, especially the relatively low ionic conductivity of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), large interfacial resistance, and low stability/compatibility between SSEs and electrodes. Here, a high-performance all solid-state sodium battery (NVP@C|PEGDMA-NaFSI-SPE|Na) is designed by employing carbon coated Na3V2(PO4)(3) composite nanosheets (NVP@C) as the cathode, solvent-free solid polymer electrolyte (PEGDMA-NaFSI-SPE) as the electrolyte and metallic sodium as the anode. The integrated electrolyte and cathode system prepared by the in situ polymerization process exhibits high ionic conductivity (approximate to 10(-4) S cm(-1) at room temperature) and an outstanding electrolyte/electrode interface. Benefiting from these merits, the soft-pack ASSB (NVP@C|PEGDMA-NaFSI-SPE|Na) delivers excellent cycling life over 740 cycles (capacity decay of only 0.007% per cycle) and maintains 95% of the initial reversible capacity with almost no self-discharge even after resting for 3 months. Moreover, the bendable ASSB exhibits a high capacity of 106 mAh g(-1) (corresponds to energy density of approximate to 355 Wh kg(-1)) at 0.5 C despite undergoing repeated bending for 535 cycles. This work offers a new strategy to fabricate high-performance flexible ASSBs with a long lifespan and excellent flexibility