The discrete contribution to ψ′→J/ψ+γγ\psi^{\prime}\to J/\psi+\gamma\gamma

The decay mode $\psi(2S)\to J/\psi+\gamma\gamma$ is proposed in order to experimentally identify the effects of the coupling of charmonium states to the continuum $D\bar D$ states. To have a better understanding of such a two-photon decay process, in this work we restrict ourselves to investigate the contribution of the discrete part, in which the photons are mainly produced via the intermediate states $\chi_{cJ}(nP)$. Besides calculating the resonance contributions of $\chi_{cJ}(1P)\; (J=0,1,2)$, we also take into account the contributions of the higher excited states $\chi_{cJ}(2P)$ and the interference effect among the 1P and 2P states. We find that the contribution of the 2P states and the interference terms to the total decay width is very tiny. However, for specific regions of the Dalitz plot, off the resonance peaks, we find that these contributions are sizable and should also be accounted for. We also provide the photon spectrum and study the polarization of $J/\psi$.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures, minor changes, references added, accepted version in PR

Strain Induced One-Dimensional Landau-Level Quantization in Corrugated Graphene

Theoretical research has predicted that ripples of graphene generates effective gauge field on its low energy electronic structure and could lead to zero-energy flat bands, which are the analog of Landau levels in real magnetic fields. Here we demonstrate, using a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy and tight-binding approximation, that the zero-energy Landau levels with vanishing Fermi velocities will form when the effective pseudomagnetic flux per ripple is larger than the flux quantum. Our analysis indicates that the effective gauge field of the ripples results in zero-energy flat bands in one direction but not in another. The Fermi velocities in the perpendicular direction of the ripples are not renormalized at all. The condition to generate the ripples is also discussed according to classical thin-film elasticity theory.Comment: 4 figures, Phys. Rev.

Structural, magnetic and thermal properties of one-dimensional CoFe2O4 microtubes

One-dimensional CoFe2O4 microtubes have been prepared via a simple template-assembled sol–gel method. Influence of calcination temperature on structural and magnetic properties, heat capacity and specific heating rate under radiofrequency field 295 kHz was studied. A CoFe2O4 spinel was the main phase in all samples. As the calcination temperature increased, the average crystal size increased from 34.1 to 168 nm and the specific surface area decreased from 85.7 to 8.5 m2 g−1. When calcined at 1073 K, porous microtubes with a narrow size distribution in the range between 2.0 and 2.5 μm and a length to diameter ratio exceeding 20 were obtained. The heat capacity of the microtubes calcined at 973 K was 140.81 J mol−1 K−1 at 395 K, being close to the theoretic value. The sample calcined at 973 K showed highest rate of 0.293 K s−1 mg−1

Demineralized Bone Matrix Combined Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Transforming Growth Factor-β3 Gene Promoted Pig Cartilage Defect Repair

Objectives To investigate whether a combination of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) infected with adenovirus-mediated- bone morphogenetic protein (Ad-BMP-2) and transforming growth factor-β3 (Ad-TGF-β3) promotes the repair of the full-thickness cartilage lesions in pig model. Methods BMSCs isolated from pig were cultured and infected with Ad-BMP-2(B group), Ad-TGF-β3 (T group), Ad-BMP-2 + Ad-TGF-β3(BT group), cells infected with empty Ad served as a negative group(N group), the expression of the BMP-2 and TGF-β3 were confirmed by immunofluorescence, PCR, and ELISA, the expression of SOX-9, type II collagen(COL-2A), aggrecan (ACAN) in each group were evaluated by real-time PCR at 1w, 2w, 3w, respectively. The chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs was evaluated by type II collagen at 21d with immunohistochemical staining. The third-passage BMSCs infected with Ad-BMP-2 and Ad-TGF-β3 were suspended and cultured with DBM for 6 days to construct a new type of tissue engineering scaffold to repair full-thickness cartilage lesions in the femur condyles of pig knee, the regenerated tissue was evaluated at 1,2 and 3 months after surgery by gross appearance, H&E, safranin O staining and O\u27driscoll score. Results Ad-BMP-2 and Ad-TGF-β3 (BT group) infected cells acquired strong type II collagen staining compared with Ad-BMP-2 (B group) and Ad-TGF-β3 (T group) along. The Ad-BMP-2 and Ad-TGF-β3 infected BMSCs adhered and propagated well in DBM and the new type of tissue engineering scaffold produced hyaline cartilage morphology containing a stronger type II collagen and safranin O staining, the O\u27driscoll score was higher than other groups. Conclusions The DBM compound with Ad-BMP-2 and Ad-TGF-β3 infected BMSCs scaffold has a good biocompatibility and could well induce cartilage regeneration to repair the defects of joint cartilage. This technology may be efficiently employed for cartilage lesions repair in vivo

Realization of rectifying and resistive switching behaviors of TiO2 nanorod arrays for nonvolatile memory

Both the rectifying and resistive switching behaviors are reported in single-crystalline TiO2 nanorod arrays (NRAs). The transition from rectifying to bipolar resistive switching behavior can be controlled by a forming process. The surface of TiO2 nanorods and the Pt/TiO2 NRAs interface play crucial roles on resistive switching. In low resistance state, the dependence of resistance on cell area indicates that filaments form on each individual nanorod, which contributes to the narrow distribution of resistive switching parameters. These results suggest that single-crystalline TiO2 NRAs could be used as nanowire-based switch element and memory cell for next-generation nonvolatile memory

Learning Enhanced Resolution-wise features for Human Pose Estimation

Recently, multi-resolution networks (such as Hourglass, CPN, HRNet, etc.) have achieved significant performance on pose estimation by combining feature maps of various resolutions. In this paper, we propose a Resolution-wise Attention Module (RAM) and Gradual Pyramid Refinement (GPR), to learn enhanced resolution-wise feature maps for precise pose estimation. Specifically, RAM learns a group of weights to represent the different importance of feature maps across resolutions, and the GPR gradually merges every two feature maps from low to high resolutions to regress final human keypoint heatmaps. With the enhanced resolution-wise features learnt by CNN, we obtain more accurate human keypoint locations. The efficacies of our proposed methods are demonstrated on MS-COCO dataset, achieving state-of-the-art performance with average precision of 77.7 on COCO val2017 set and 77.0 on test-dev2017 set without using extra human keypoint training dataset.Comment: Published on ICIP 202