Goal-Directed Processing of Naturalistic Stimuli Modulates Large-Scale Functional Connectivity

Humans selectively process external information according to their internal goals. Previous studies have found that cortical activity and interactions between specific cortical areas such as frontal-parietal regions are modulated by behavioral goals. However, these results are largely based on simple stimuli and task rules in laboratory settings. Here, we investigated how top-down goals modulate whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) under naturalistic conditions. Analyses were conducted on a publicly available functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) dataset (OpenfMRI database, accession number: ds000233) collected on twelve participants who made either behavioral or taxonomic judgments of behaving animals containing in naturalistic video clips. The task-evoked FC patterns of the participants were extracted using a novel inter-subject functional correlation (ISFC) method that increases the signal-to-noise ratio for detecting task-induced inter-regional correlation compared with standard FC analysis. Using multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) methods, we successfully predicted the task goals of the participants with ISFC patterns but not with standard FC patterns, suggests that the ISFC method may be an efficient tool for exploring subtle network differences between brain states. We further examined the predictive power of several canonical brain networks and found that many within-network and across-network ISFC measures supported task goals classification. Our findings suggest that goal-directed processing of naturalistic stimuli systematically modulates large-scale brain networks but is not limited to the local neural activity or connectivity of specific regions

Research on Navigation Safety Evolution of Arctic Route Based on Entropy Theory

In recent years, with global warming, the development and utilization of the Arctic route has become possible. At present, the Arctic route navigation safety environment is the main factor that affects the passage of the Arctic route, so this paper mainly analyzes the development of the navigation safety environment of the Arctic route. First of all, using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to analyze the influence factors of the navigation safety of the Arctic route, the structure diagram of the navigation safety system of the Arctic route is divided. Secondly, according to the characteristics of navigation safety system of the Arctic route, entropy theory and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process are used to calculate the entropy values of navigation safety of Arctic routes, and the evolvement trend of navigation safety of Arctic routes is obtained. Finally, through the analysis of the trend of the Arctic route navigation security, some management countermeasures are put forward for the navigation safety of the Arctic route. The research results can provide reference for the development and utilization of the Arctic route

Research on Navigation Safety Evolution of Arctic Route Based on Entropy Theory

In recent years, with global warming, the development and utilization of the Arctic route has become possible. At present, the Arctic route navigation safety environment is the main factor that affects the passage of the Arctic route, so this paper mainly analyzes the development of the navigation safety environment of the Arctic route. First of all, using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to analyze the influence factors of the navigation safety of the Arctic route, the structure diagram of the navigation safety system of the Arctic route is divided. Secondly, according to the characteristics of navigation safety system of the Arctic route, entropy theory and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process are used to calculate the entropy values of navigation safety of Arctic routes, and the evolvement trend of navigation safety of Arctic routes is obtained. Finally, through the analysis of the trend of the Arctic route navigation security, some management countermeasures are put forward for the navigation safety of the Arctic route. The research results can provide reference for the development and utilization of the Arctic route

A Review of Foreign Arctic Research Based on ScienceDirect Database (2007—2021)

With the increasing melting of Arctic sea ice, the importance of studying Arctic issues is becoming more and more prominent. By using ScienceDirect database as the main search scope, the authors systematically combed foreign literature on Arctic issues from 2007 to 2021, and analyzed the research status of foreign Arctic issues from four aspects: Arctic routing, economy, politics and environment. It was concluded that the future research on Arctic routing would focus on the operation mode; The research on Arctic economic issues would focus on regional economy and industry development; The research on Arctic politics would still focus on how to cooperate in the governance of the Arctic. Although there will be more qualitative and descriptive analyses in current research on Arctic politics, quantitative analysis and theoretical innovation would be increased in the future; Research on Arctic environmental issues will focus on the balance between economic development and environmental protection in the Arctic, and further pay attention to the sustainable development of the Arctic

Research on Evolution Characteristics and Factors of Nordic Green Patent Citation Network

Dealing with the environmental and climate risks caused by global warming has become a global consensus. As a sensitive area with particularly fragile ecological environment, the Nordic countries took the lead in making the commitment of “carbon neutrality” by the middle of this century. The green industry will play an important role during this process. Based on the patent data related to the green industry in Nordic countries, this paper studies the evolution characteristics and dynamic changes of influencing factors of patent citation network from 1980 to 2019 by using the social network analysis method and exponential random graph model. The research results show that: Nordic green technologies have gradually changed from passive development to active innovation from the source, and gradually diversified and subdivided in the development process; the connectivity and transitivity of the patent citation network are good and relatively stable in the evolution process; the connections of Nordic countries with non-Nordic countries are strong and gradually spread to distant regions; the awareness of patent property rights protection has gradually increased, and industry and academia are increasingly integrated, which all promote the formation of patent citation relationship

The Prevalence of Dental Caries in Primary Dentition in 3- to 5-Year-Old Preschool Children in Northern China

Objectives. To investigate the prevalence and factors promoting caries in primary dentition of 3-5-year-old children in Northeast China. Materials and Methods. Data of 1,229 children aged 3 to 5 years were randomly selected. The caries prevalence and other indicators were assessed, and the results analyzed by SPSS. A questionnaire was also given to the children’s guardians to ascertain the potential risk factors associated with caries. Results. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) index in children aged 3, 4, and 5 years old was 3.17, 5.13, and 6.07, respectively, while the caries prevalence rate was 62.16%, 75.89%, and 87.28% accordingly. The incidence of caries among rural children was higher than that in urban areas. Regarding oral health awareness, it was found that parents in urban areas had more accurate perceptions of oral health problems. It was also noted that the children’s brushing habits were worrying. Family economic and medical resources are not the main causes of serious dental caries in rural areas. Conclusions. The oral health status of children aged 3-5 years is not optimistic. Many parents have a low awareness of oral health. Strengthening the promotion of oral health knowledge is an effective way to change the situation

Research on Evolution Characteristics and Factors of Nordic Green Patent Citation Network

Dealing with the environmental and climate risks caused by global warming has become a global consensus. As a sensitive area with particularly fragile ecological environment, the Nordic countries took the lead in making the commitment of “carbon neutrality” by the middle of this century. The green industry will play an important role during this process. Based on the patent data related to the green industry in Nordic countries, this paper studies the evolution characteristics and dynamic changes of influencing factors of patent citation network from 1980 to 2019 by using the social network analysis method and exponential random graph model. The research results show that: Nordic green technologies have gradually changed from passive development to active innovation from the source, and gradually diversified and subdivided in the development process; the connectivity and transitivity of the patent citation network are good and relatively stable in the evolution process; the connections of Nordic countries with non-Nordic countries are strong and gradually spread to distant regions; the awareness of patent property rights protection has gradually increased, and industry and academia are increasingly integrated, which all promote the formation of patent citation relationship

Multi-Objective Optimization of Deep-Sea Mining Pump Based on CFD, GABP Neural Network and NSGA-III Algorithm

In order to improve the hydraulic performance of a deep-sea mining pump, this research proposed a multi-objective optimization strategy based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation, genetic algorithm back propagation (GABP) neural network, and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-III (NSGA-III). Significance analysis of the impeller and diffuser parameters was conducted using the Plackett–Burman experiment to filter out the design variables. The optimum Latin hypercube sampling method was used to produce sixty sample cases. The GABP neural network was then utilized to establish an approximate model between the pump’s hydraulic performance and design variables. Finally, the NSGA-III was utilized to solve the approximation model to determine the optimum parameters for the impeller and diffuser. The results demonstrate that the GABP neural network can accurately forecast the deep-sea mining pump’s hydraulic performance, and the NSGA-III global optimization is effective. On the rated clear water conditions, the optimized pump has a 14.65% decrease in shaft power and a 6.04% increase in efficiency while still meeting the design requirements for the head. Under rated solid-liquid two-phase flow conditions, the head still meets the design requirements, the shaft power is decreased by 15.64%, and the efficiency is increased by 6.00%