MUSER: A MUlti-Step Evidence Retrieval Enhancement Framework for Fake News Detection

The ease of spreading false information online enables individuals with malicious intent to manipulate public opinion and destabilize social stability. Recently, fake news detection based on evidence retrieval has gained popularity in an effort to identify fake news reliably and reduce its impact. Evidence retrieval-based methods can improve the reliability of fake news detection by computing the textual consistency between the evidence and the claim in the news. In this paper, we propose a framework for fake news detection based on MUlti-Step Evidence Retrieval enhancement (MUSER), which simulates the steps of human beings in the process of reading news, summarizing, consulting materials, and inferring whether the news is true or fake. Our model can explicitly model dependencies among multiple pieces of evidence, and perform multi-step associations for the evidence required for news verification through multi-step retrieval. In addition, our model is able to automatically collect existing evidence through paragraph retrieval and key evidence selection, which can save the tedious process of manual evidence collection. We conducted extensive experiments on real-world datasets in different languages, and the results demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art baseline methods for detecting fake news by at least 3% in F1-Macro and 4% in F1-Micro. Furthermore, it provides interpretable evidence for end users.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted by KDD '23, ADS trac

Easy Calibration for Para-catadioptric-like Camera

Abstract- For omnidirectional cameras, most of the previous calibration methods from lines use conic fitting. This paper presents a calibration method for para-catadioptric-like cameras from lines without conic fitting under a single view. We establish equations on the five camera intrinsic parameters. These equations are linear for the focal lengths and skew factor once the principal point is known. The principal point can be approximated well by the center of the imaged mirror contour in practice or can be accurately estimated by quadric equations. After obtaining the principal point, we propose an algorithm to calibrate the focal lengths and skew factor. The algorithm needs neither prior structure knowledge nor conic fitting and is linear, which make it easy to implement. Other omnidirectional cameras can also use this presented work if high accuracy is not required. Experiments demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm

ViTCoD: Vision Transformer Acceleration via Dedicated Algorithm and Accelerator Co-Design

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance on various vision tasks. However, ViTs' self-attention module is still arguably a major bottleneck, limiting their achievable hardware efficiency. Meanwhile, existing accelerators dedicated to NLP Transformers are not optimal for ViTs. This is because there is a large difference between ViTs and NLP Transformers: ViTs have a relatively fixed number of input tokens, whose attention maps can be pruned by up to 90% even with fixed sparse patterns; while NLP Transformers need to handle input sequences of varying numbers of tokens and rely on on-the-fly predictions of dynamic sparse attention patterns for each input to achieve a decent sparsity (e.g., >=50%). To this end, we propose a dedicated algorithm and accelerator co-design framework dubbed ViTCoD for accelerating ViTs. Specifically, on the algorithm level, ViTCoD prunes and polarizes the attention maps to have either denser or sparser fixed patterns for regularizing two levels of workloads without hurting the accuracy, largely reducing the attention computations while leaving room for alleviating the remaining dominant data movements; on top of that, we further integrate a lightweight and learnable auto-encoder module to enable trading the dominant high-cost data movements for lower-cost computations. On the hardware level, we develop a dedicated accelerator to simultaneously coordinate the enforced denser/sparser workloads and encoder/decoder engines for boosted hardware utilization. Extensive experiments and ablation studies validate that ViTCoD largely reduces the dominant data movement costs, achieving speedups of up to 235.3x, 142.9x, 86.0x, 10.1x, and 6.8x over general computing platforms CPUs, EdgeGPUs, GPUs, and prior-art Transformer accelerators SpAtten and Sanger under an attention sparsity of 90%, respectively.Comment: Accepted to HPCA 202

Relationship between human serum albumin and in-hospital mortality in critical care patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BackgroundThe relationship between human serum albumin levels and the prognosis of critical care patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains controversial.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between serum albumin levels and in-hospital mortality in critical care patients with COPD. METHODS: This study used a retrospective observational cohort from the Medical Information in Intensive Care database (MIMIC-IV) in the United States. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between serum albumin levels and in-hospital mortality. A restricted cubic spline line was also used to explore nonlinear relationship.ResultsA total of 3,398 critical care patients with COPD were included. The overall in-hospital mortality was 12.4%. We found a negative relationship between human serum albumin and in-hospital mortality (HR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.96–0.99, p = 0.002).ConclusionIn critical care patients with COPD, there was a negative association between human serum albumin and in-hospital mortality

The research of creep in tunnel which surrounding rock is expansion

Selecting the highway tunnel project in GuangXi province as the experimental research object,using Matlab numerical analysis software to analyze the creep data fitting,this essay concludes that the Generalized kelvin model is proper for creep model.Through converting the creep formula of generalized kelvin model with the third creep formula of implicit creep of ANSYS finite element software implicit creep,it determines the creep model parameters.On this basis,by performing numerical simulations in four different construction methods on expansive surrounding rock tunnel,fill-section excavation,CD excavation,bench cut method and double-side-drift method applied,it researches properties of time-varying mechanical.The results shows that the construction mechanics characteristics of expansive surrounding rock tunnel are effected by time.The deformation of surrounding rock is enhanced with the growth of time,but it tends to be stabilized on the fourth day.Excavation ways have an effect on expansive surrounding rock mechanics.The more one-off excavation rock area digs,the more changes in stress,strain and creep change for the expansive surrounding rock.Among the four kinds of excavation methods,double-side-drift method has best stress form and minimum creep variable

A new easy camera calibration technique based on circular points

Inspired by Zhang’s work, a new easy technique for calibrating a camera based on circular points is proposed. The proposed technique only requires the camera to observe a newly designed planar calibration pattern (referred to as the model plane hereinafter) which includes a circle and a pencil of lines passing through the circle’s center, at a few (at least three) different unknown orientations, then all the five intrinsic parameters can be determined linearly. The main point of our new technique is that it needs to know neither metric measurement on the model plane, nor the correspondences between points on the model plane and image ones, hence it can be done fully automatically. The proposed technique is particularly useful for those people who are not familiar with computer vision. Experiments with simulated data as well as with real images show that our new technique is robust and accurate. 1

The research of creep in tunnel which surrounding rock is expansion

Selecting the highway tunnel project in GuangXi province as the experimental research object,using Matlab numerical analysis software to analyze the creep data fitting,this essay concludes that the Generalized kelvin model is proper for creep model.Through converting the creep formula of generalized kelvin model with the third creep formula of implicit creep of ANSYS finite element software implicit creep,it determines the creep model parameters.On this basis,by performing numerical simulations in four different construction methods on expansive surrounding rock tunnel,fill-section excavation,CD excavation,bench cut method and double-side-drift method applied,it researches properties of time-varying mechanical.The results shows that the construction mechanics characteristics of expansive surrounding rock tunnel are effected by time.The deformation of surrounding rock is enhanced with the growth of time,but it tends to be stabilized on the fourth day.Excavation ways have an effect on expansive surrounding rock mechanics.The more one-off excavation rock area digs,the more changes in stress,strain and creep change for the expansive surrounding rock.Among the four kinds of excavation methods,double-side-drift method has best stress form and minimum creep variable

A New Easy Camera Calibration Technique Based on Circular Points

Inspired by Zhang's work, a new easy technique for calibrating a camera based on circular points is proposed. The proposed technique only requires the camera to observe a newly designed planar calibration pattern (referred to as the model plane hereinafter) which includes a circle and a pencil of lines passing through the circle's center, at a few (at least three) different unknown orientations, then all the five intrinsic parameters can be determined linearly. The main point of our new technique is that it needs to know neither metric measurement on the model plane, nor the correspondences between points on the model plane and image ones, hence it can be done fully automatically. The proposed technique is particularly useful for those people who are not familiar with computer vision. Experiments with simulated data as well as with real images show that our new technique is robust and accurate