The generation rate of quantum gravity induced entanglement with multiple massive particles

We investigate the generation rate of quantum gravity induced entanglement of masses(QGEM) in setup with multiple quantum massive particles, among of which only the gravity interaction due to the Newton potential is taken into account. When the distance between any two adjacent Stern-Gerlach (SG) devices is fixed, we consider all the possible configurations of the setup with the same number of particles. In particular, we systemically analyze the case of particle number n=4 and find that the prism setup with a massive particle at the center is the most efficient setup for the entanglement generation. This result can be extended to a system with multiple particles up to seven, where the entanglement efficiency is also enhanced in comparison with the setup with fewer particles. This work provides the strategy to construct the QGEM setup with the best generation rate of entanglement.Comment: minor changes, references adde

Conformable electrochemical devices for closed-loop wound management

Chronic wounds arising from accidents, surgeries, or diseases impose a significant clinical and economic burden, underscoring the need for effective solutions to prevent severe complications. Recent advancements in materials science and electrochemical technology have facilitated the development of conformable electrochemical platforms for detection and management, incorporating monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment. Nevertheless, current wound detection and therapy systems face challenges related to the stability and specificity of sensor monitoring, as well as the need for on-site and comprehensive evaluation criteria to offer timely treatment guidance and follow-up care. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the closed-loop management system, emphasizing wound biomarker detection, wound assessment, and on-demand treatment, ultimately culminating in an integrated wound management approach by conformable electrochemical devices. Additionally, we explore the challenges, opportunities, and future prospects of soft and stretchable electrochemical biosensors, with the aim of enhancing the efficiency and timeliness of wound management

Annealing novel nucleobase-lipids with oligonucleotides or plasmid DNA based on H-bonding or π-π interaction:Assemblies and transfections

Lipid derivatives of nucleoside analogs have been highlighted for their potential for effective gene delivery. A novel class of nucleobase-lipids are rationally designed and readily synthesized, comprising thymine/cytosine, an ester/amide linker and an oleyl lipid. The diversity of four nucleobase-lipids termed DXBAs (DOTA, DNTA, DOCA and DNCA) is investigated. Besides, DNCA is demonstrated to be an effective neutral transfection material for nucleic acid delivery, which enbles to bind to oligonucleotides via H-bonding and π-π stacking with reduced toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Several kinds of nucleic acid drugs including aptamer, ssRNA, antisense oligonucleotide, and plasmid DNAs can be delivered by DXBAs, especially DNCA. In particular, G4-aptamer AS1411 encapsulated by DNCA exhibits cellular uptake enhancement, lysosome degradation reduction, cell apoptosis promotion, cell cycle phase alteration in vitro and duration prolongation in vivo, resulting in significant anti-proliferative activity. Our results demonstrate that DNCA is a promising transfection agent for G4-aptamers and exhibites bright application prospects in the permeation improvement of single-stranded oligonucleotides or plasmid DNAs

The ORF7a Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Initiates Autophagy and Limits Autophagosome-Lysosome Fusion via Degradation of SNAP29 To Promote Virus Replication

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is closely related to various cellular aspects associated with autophagy. However, how SARS-CoV-2 mediates the subversion of the macroautophagy/autophagy pathway remains largely unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that overexpression of the SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a protein activates LC3-II and leads to the accumulation of autophagosomes in multiple cell lines, while knockdown of the viral ORF7a gene via shRNAs targeting ORF7a sgRNA during SARS-CoV-2 infection decreased autophagy levels. Mechanistically, the ORF7a protein initiates autophagy via the AKT-MTOR-ULK1-mediated pathway, but ORF7a limits the progression of autophagic flux by activating CASP3 (caspase 3) to cleave the SNAP29 protein at aspartic acid residue 30 (D30), ultimately impairing complete autophagy. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced accumulated autophagosomes promote progeny virus production, whereby ORF7a downregulates SNAP29, ultimately resulting in failure of autophagosome fusion with lysosomes to promote viral replication. Taken together, our study reveals a mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 utilizes the autophagic machinery to facilitate its own propagation via ORF7a.Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; ACE2: angiotensin converting enzyme 2; ACTB/β-actin: actin beta; ATG7: autophagy related 7; Baf A1: bafilomycin A1; BECN1: beclin 1; CASP3: caspase 3; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; GFP: green fluorescent protein; hpi: hour post-infection; hpt: hour post-transfection; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MERS: Middle East respiratory syndrome; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; ORF: open reading frame; PARP: poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; shRNAs: short hairpin RNAs; siRNA: small interfering RNA; SNAP29: synaptosome associated protein 29; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; STX17: syntaxin 17; TCID50: tissue culture infectious dose; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TUBB, tubulin, beta; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1

Feature Transformation Method for Wheel Hub Shape Based on Target Detection and Geometric Analysis

Extracting and transforming shape features has been an important research domain in wheel hub design. The study of wheel hub design based on shape semantics, brand planning, and structural optimization requires regression analysis by using shape features and the corresponding variables to guide wheel hub design through the correlation model. The practical role of feature transformation in design is determined by its effectiveness, accuracy, and convenience. This process, however, has generally been handled manually in previous studies, limiting the universality and comprehensiveness of research outcomes. With the development of artificial intelligence, the automation of this process has become possible, ushering in the era of big data research for feature extraction and transformation. Hence, this study proposes a wheel hub feature transformation method based on target detection and geometric analysis. This method implements feature transformation in the following automation steps: (1) wheel hub feature point detection based on the YOLO model; (2) wheel hub feature grouping based on morphological parameters and position parameters; (3) feature point grooming based on geometric relations; and (4) parameter construction and transformation based on morphological features. Thus, an automatic, bidirectional, and morphological mechanism for transforming the parameters of a wheel hub shape can be developed. With the proposed transformation model, parameters related to the wheel hub shape and features can be transformed quickly, and the generative design of the wheel hub can be conducted based on big data

Digital experience design of qinhuai lantern based on user journey map

This research extends the design concepts and research methods of user journey maps to the field of intangible cultural heritage, and selects the typical lotus lantern material package in Qinhuai lanterns as an example to explore the digital experience design of lanterns. On-site research methods are used to understand users, define target users and build personas. AEIOU recording framework is used to record user behavior, analyze and reorganize user behavior with card classification, and summarize user behavior flow. The Likert Smiley Scale is used to ask children to evaluate specific behaviors, get emotional curves, and summarize design opportunities from the perspective of valley filling. Given the pain points in the experience of the target user children and the indirect user parents, the lotus lantern material package is digitally redesigned from four perspectives of materials, connection methods between materials, functions and storage to meet the users' emotional experience. This research method and process have certain reference significance for experience design research on the same type of intangible cultural heritages

The Research on Cartoon Image Design And Application of Main Characters in The Legend of the White Snake

Cartoon images are one of the important carriers for the inheritance of folk literature and culture. We should pay attention to the positive role of cartoon images in the inheritance of intangible culture. So the study aims to design and develop cartoon images of main characters in the Legend of the White snake based on audience intention. So that the cartoon image can be endowed with historical and modern cultural connotations. In this way, it can play a role in inheriting intangible cultural heritage and enhance the cultural confidence. Through the combination of qualitative and quantitative method, it compared the main characters of the Legend of the White snake at home and abroad. After carrying out desk research on the historical background of the legend, we used the concept of participatory design to conduct a questionnaire survey on the preference of cartoon images and analyzed the problems of character design, carrier, communication, and etc. Finally, based on the audience's extraction and combination of design elements, the cartoon image of the main characters in the Legend of the White Snake was generated, which meets the perceptual needs of modern people. By making full use of the narrative function of cartoon images, the creatively designed cartoon images of the main characters in the Legend of the White Snake are deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. It can also raise public interest in the culture of the White Snake and arouse emotional resonance. In this way, it promotes the inheritance and development of the intangible cultural heritage, the White Snake, and provides a certain reference for the design of cartoon images of similar characters in folk literature

Forward single‐cell sequencing into clinical application: Understanding of ageing and rejuvenation from clinical observation to single‐cell solution

Abstract Ageing is the part of natural biology lifespan and living pathology healthspan that is associated with impact from stress, environmental changes and diseases. The present Editorial emphasises the understanding of ageing biology and potential impact of rejuvenating interventions as a critical focus of clinical and translational medicine. The discovery and development of ageing‐associated biomarkers and therapeutic targets require understanding of the complexity of molecular metabolisms, immune responses and genetic regulations associated with ageing and rejuvenation. Transcriptomic patterns of circulating immune cells, red blood cells and platelets at single‐cell solution can be an important window to molecular mechanisms of ageing initiation and development. As part of programmes, deep understanding of ageing and rejuvenation correlations of clinical with single‐cell transcriptomics will provide more innovative opportunities to translate single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) to clinical application