276 research outputs found
Magnetic skyrmion logic gates: conversion, duplication and merging of skyrmions
Magnetic skyrmions, which are topological particle-like excitations in
ferromagnets, have attracted a lot of attention recently. Skyrmionics is an
attempt to use magnetic skyrmions as information carriers in next generation
spintronic devices. Proposals of manipulations and operations of skyrmions are
highly desired. Here, we show that the conversion, duplication and merging of
isolated skyrmions with different chirality and topology are possible all in
one system. We also demonstrate the conversion of a skyrmion into another form
of a skyrmion, i.e., a bimeron. We design spin logic gates such as the AND and
OR gates based on manipulations of skyrmions. These results provide important
guidelines for utilizing the topology of nanoscale spin textures as information
carriers in novel magnetic sensors and spin logic devices.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figure
Antiferromagnetic Skyrmion: Stability, Creation and Manipulation
Magnetic skyrmions are particle-like topological excitations in ferromagnets,
which have the topological number , and hence show the skyrmion Hall
effect (SkHE) due to the Magnus force effect originating from the topology.
Here, we propose the counterpart of the magnetic skyrmion in the
antiferromagnetic (AFM) system, that is, the AFM skyrmion, which is
topologically protected but without showing the SkHE. Two approaches for
creating the AFM skyrmion have been described based on micromagnetic lattice
simulations: (i) by injecting a vertical spin-polarized current to a nanodisk
with the AFM ground state; (ii) by converting an AFM domain-wall pair in a
nanowire junction. It is demonstrated that the AFM skyrmion, driven by the
spin-polarized current, can move straightly over long distance, benefiting from
the absence of the SkHE. Our results will open a new strategy on designing the
novel spintronic devices based on AFM materials.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure
Magnetic bilayer-skyrmions without skyrmion Hall effect
Arising from emergent electromagnetic field of magnetic skyrmions due to
their nontrivial topology, the skyrmion Hall effect might be a roadblock for
practical applications since any longitudinal motions of skyrmions in nanotrack
is accompanied by a transverse motion. A direct consequence of such an effect
is easy destruction of skyrmions at the nanotrack edges during their fast
motions along the nanotrack, despite their topological protection. Here we
propose an entirely novel solution of completely inhibiting such skyrmion Hall
effect without affecting its topological properties based on a
antiferromagnetic-coupling bilayer system. We show that a pair of magnetic
skyrmions can be nucleated in such a bilayer system through vertical current
injection or converted from a current-driven domain-wall pair. Once nucleated,
the skyrmion pair can be displaced through current-induced spin torque either
from a vertical injected current or in-plane current. The skyrmion Hall effect
is completely suppressed due to the cancellation of back-action forces acting
on each individual skyrmion, resulting in a straight and fast motion of
skyrmions along the current direction. This proposal will be of fundamental
interests by introducing the bilayer degree of freedom into the system.
Moreover, it provides an easy way to engineer the transport properties of the
skyrmionic devices to achieve desired performance, making it highly promising
for practical applications such as ultradense memory and information-processing
devices based on skyrmions
Spin-Cherenkov effect in a magnetic nanostrip with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
Spin-Cherenkov effect enables strong excitations of spin waves (SWs) with
nonlinear wave dispersions. The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) results
in anisotropy and nonreciprocity of SWs propagation. In this work, we study the
effect of the interfacial DMI on SW Cherenkov excitations in permalloy
thin-film strips within the framework of micromagnetism. By performing
micromagnetic simulations, it is shown that coherent SWs are excited when the
velocity of a moving magnetic source exceeds the propagation velocity of the
SWs. Moreover, the threshold velocity of the moving magnetic source with finite
DMI can be reduced compared to the case of zero DMI. It thereby provides a
promising route towards efficient SW generation and propagation, with potential
applications in spintronic and magnonic devices.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. To be published in Scientific Report
Magnetic Skyrmion Transport in a Nanotrack With Spatially Varying Damping and Non-adiabatic Torque
Reliable transport of magnetic skyrmions is required for any future
skyrmion-based information processing devices. Here we present a micromagnetic
study of the in-plane current-driven motion of a skyrmion in a ferromagnetic
nanotrack with spatially sinusoidally varying Gilbert damping and/or
non-adiabatic spin-transfer torque coefficients. It is found that the skyrmion
moves in a sinusoidal pattern as a result of the spatially varying Gilbert
damping and/or non-adiabatic spin-transfer torque in the nanotrack, which could
prevent the destruction of the skyrmion caused by the skyrmion Hall effect. The
results provide a guide for designing and developing the skyrmion transport
channel in skyrmion-based spintronic applications.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
The impact of within-day work breaks on daily recovery processes: An event-based pre-/post-experience sampling study
Research on recovery from work stress has emphasized the importance of within-day work breaks. However, prior research has not been designed and analysed in a way that fully aligns with the processes described by the underlying theoretical framework (i.e., the effort-recovery model). The current paper examines the effects of within-day work breaks on recovery using an event-based pre-/post (EBPP)-design, in a way that more fully captures the recovery process as described by the effort-recovery model. We also included designs used in previous studies (i.e., an interval-based design and an event-based design without pre-break strain measures) to demonstrate the differences between the EBPP design and previous designs. The results of the EBPP model using a sample of Chinese white-collar employees showed that within-day work breaks are significantly associated with reduced fatigue and negative affect and increased positive affect, supporting the predicted recovery effects of within-day work breaks. However, mixed results were found in the interval-based design, and non-significant results were found in the event-based design without pre-break measurements. We discuss methodological implications and explain how the EBPP design could be applied to study other episodic phenomena
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