Distinction and quantification of carry-over and sample interaction in gas segmented continuous flow analysis

The formulae for calculation of carry-over and sample interaction are derived for the first time in this study. A scheme proposed by Thiers et al. (two samples of low concentration followed by a high concentration sample and low concentration sample) is verified and recommended for the determination of the carry-over coeffcient. The derivation demonstrates that both widely used schemes of a high concentration sample followed by two low concentration samples, and a low concentration sample followed by two high concentration samples actually measure the sum of the carry-over coeffcient and sample interaction coefficient. A scheme of three low concentration samples followed by a high concentration sample is proposed and verified for determination of the sample interaction coeffcient. Experimental results indicate that carry-over is a strong function of cycle time and a weak function of ratio of sample time to wash time. Sample dispersion is found to be a function of sample time. Fitted equations can be used to predict the carry-over, absorbance and dispersion given sample times, and wash times for an analytical system. Results clearly show the important role of intersample air segmentation in reducing carry-over, sample interaction and dispersion

Aspects of Warped AdS3_3/CFT2_2 Correspondence

In this paper we apply the thermodynamics method to investigate the holographic pictures for the BTZ black hole, the spacelike and the null warped black holes in three-dimensional topologically massive gravity (TMG) and new massive gravity (NMG). Even though there are higher derivative terms in these theories, the thermodynamics method is still effective. It gives consistent results with the ones obtained by using asymptotical symmetry group (ASG) analysis. In doing the ASG analysis we develop a brute-force realization of the Barnich-Brandt-Compere formalism with Mathematica code, which also allows us to calculate the masses and the angular momenta of the black holes. In particular, we propose the warped AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$ correspondence in the new massive gravity, which states that quantum gravity in the warped spacetime could holographically dual to a two-dimensional CFT with c_R=c_L=\f{24}{Gm\b^2\sr{2(21-4\b^2)}}.Comment: 22 pages, references added, published version, link of Mathematica code changed to https://s.yunio.com/Mtus0z or http://pan.baidu.com/s/1mToF

A γ\gamma-ray Quasi-Periodic modulation in the Blazar PKS 0301−-243?

We report a nominally high-confidence $\gamma$-ray quasi-periodic modulation in the blazar PKS 0301$-$243. For this target, we analyze its \emph{Fermi}-LAT Pass 8 data covering from 2008 August to 2017 May. Two techniques, i.e., the maximum likelihood optimization and the exposure-weighted aperture photometry, are used to build the $\gamma$-ray light curves. Then both the Lomb-Scargle Periodogram and the Weighted Wavelet Z-transform are applied to the light curves to search for period signals. A quasi-periodicity with a period of $2.1\pm0.3$ yr appears at the significance level of $\sim5\sigma$, although it should be noted that this putative quasi-period variability is seen in a data set barely four times longer. We speculate that this $\gamma$-ray quasi-periodic modulation might be evidence of a binary supermassive black hole.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures; Accepted for publication in Ap