1,190 research outputs found
Determinant representations for scalar products of the XXZ Gaudin model with general boundary terms
We obtain the determinant representations of the scalar products for the XXZ
Gaudin model with generic non-diagonal boundary terms.Comment: Latex file, 17 page
Secure Inter-domain Routing and Forwarding via Verifiable Forwarding Commitments
The Internet inter-domain routing system is vulnerable. On the control plane,
the de facto Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) does not have built-in mechanisms to
authenticate routing announcements, so an adversary can announce virtually
arbitrary paths to hijack network traffic; on the data plane, it is difficult
to ensure that actual forwarding path complies with the control plane
decisions. The community has proposed significant research to secure the
routing system. Yet, existing secure BGP protocols (e.g., BGPsec) are not
incrementally deployable, and existing path authorization protocols are not
compatible with the current Internet routing infrastructure. In this paper, we
propose FC-BGP, the first secure Internet inter-domain routing system that can
simultaneously authenticate BGP announcements and validate data plane
forwarding in an efficient and incrementally-deployable manner. FC-BGP is built
upon a novel primitive, name Forwarding Commitment, to certify an AS's routing
intent on its directly connected hops. We analyze the security benefits of
FC-BGP in the Internet at different deployment rates. Further, we implement a
prototype of FC-BGP and extensively evaluate it over a large-scale overlay
network with 100 virtual machines deployed globally. The results demonstrate
that FC-BGP saves roughly 55% of the overhead required to validate BGP
announcements compared with BGPsec, and meanwhile FC-BGP introduces a small
overhead for building a globally-consistent view on the desirable forwarding
paths.Comment: 16 pages, 17 figure
Synergistic Improvement of Production, Economic Return and Sustainability in the Tea Industry through Ecological Pest Management
The use of ecological principles to manage plant pests has attracted renewed attention, but our knowledge related to the contributions of ecological pest management to social and natural sustainability is fragmented. In this study, we compared the performance and resilience of tea production and the economic benefits of tea ecological management (TEM) and tea conventional management (TCM). We show that TEM significantly improved tea biomass and quality, nutritional efficiency, and beneficial insects, but reduced seasonal variation. As a result, economic return increased by 6064/ha in the TCM mode. These results confirm that TEM is a promising production mode that can reconcile the conflict between the immediate and long-term service of agriculture. However, environmental improvements associated with organic pest control benefit society, and the government should provide adequate financial support to promote the production system
IonâSpecific Oil Repellency of Polyelectrolyte Multilayers in Water: Molecular Insights into the Hydrophilicity of Charged Surfaces
Surface wetting on polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs), prepared by alternating deposition of polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) and poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS), was investigated mainly in waterâsolidâoil systems. The surfaceâwetting behavior of asâprepared PEMs was well correlated to the molecular structures of the uncompensated ionic groups on the PEMs as revealed by sum frequency generation vibrational and Xâray photoelectron spectroscopies. The orientation change of the benzenesulfonate groups on the PSSâcapped surfaces causes poor water wetting in oil or air and negligible oil wetting in water, while the orientation change of the quaternized pyrrolidine rings on the PDDAâcapped surfaces hardly affects their wetting behavior. The underwater oil repellency of PSSâcapped PEMs was successfully harnessed to manufacture highly efficient filters for oilâwater separation at high flux.Wet surfaces: Liquid wetting on charged surfaces is well correlated with the molecular nature of surface ionic groups. The orientation change of surface ionic groups either hardly affects water wetting if their configuration is isotropic, or markedly transforms poor water wetting in oil to poor water deâwetting in water if their configuration is anisotropic, thus leading to excellent underwater oil repellency.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/111271/1/anie_201411992_sm_miscellaneous_information.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/111271/2/4851_ftp.pd
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