Association between rheumatoid arthritis and pulpal-periapical pathology:a systematic review

OBJECTIVES: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating disease where numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines have a proven role in its pathology. These cytokines are also involved in the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis (AP) where they have a pro-inflammatory role and induce bone resorption. Patients with RA may therefore be more prone to develop pulpal-periapical pathology (PPP). This study systematically reviewed the existing literature evaluating the association between RA and PPP.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Studies including human participants with both RA and PPP were included. The search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library databases using keywords and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) search terms. The risk of bias was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The following parameters were extracted and analyzed by the reviewers; author, journal, year, design of the study, diagnostic criteria for periapical pathology, the association between rheumatoid arthritis and periapical pathology, and the evidence level.RESULTS: The search identified 142 records. Inclusion criteria were as follows; studies in the English language, including human participants only, including patients with RA and PPP, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, clinical trials, and case-control studies. According to the inclusion criteria, 5 studies were included in this systematic review. Three of the five studies reported significant association between RA and PPP.CONCLUSIONS: Existing evidence suggests there may be an association between RA and PPP.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinicians should be aware that RA patients can be more prone to develop PPP which may result in a reduced quality of life.</p

Association between rheumatoid arthritis and pulpal-periapical pathology:a systematic review

OBJECTIVES: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating disease where numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines have a proven role in its pathology. These cytokines are also involved in the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis (AP) where they have a pro-inflammatory role and induce bone resorption. Patients with RA may therefore be more prone to develop pulpal-periapical pathology (PPP). This study systematically reviewed the existing literature evaluating the association between RA and PPP.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Studies including human participants with both RA and PPP were included. The search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library databases using keywords and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) search terms. The risk of bias was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The following parameters were extracted and analyzed by the reviewers; author, journal, year, design of the study, diagnostic criteria for periapical pathology, the association between rheumatoid arthritis and periapical pathology, and the evidence level.RESULTS: The search identified 142 records. Inclusion criteria were as follows; studies in the English language, including human participants only, including patients with RA and PPP, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, clinical trials, and case-control studies. According to the inclusion criteria, 5 studies were included in this systematic review. Three of the five studies reported significant association between RA and PPP.CONCLUSIONS: Existing evidence suggests there may be an association between RA and PPP.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinicians should be aware that RA patients can be more prone to develop PPP which may result in a reduced quality of life.</p

Physiological Physical Chemical Characteristics and Sensory Evaluation of Minimally Processed Grapefruit Segments Packaged under Modified Atmosphere

Bu çalışmanın amacı az işlenmiş ve modifiye atmosferde ambalajlanmış altıntop segmentlerinin fizyolojik, fiziksel, kimyasal, ve duyusal özelliklerinin incelenmesidir. Bu amaçla altıntop yüzeyleri sanite edilmiş, soyulmuş, segmentlerine ayrılmış ve segmentler polipropilen tabaklarda pasif ve aktif modifiye atmosfer altında ambalajlanmıştır. Fizyolojik, fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal özellikler 4°C’de 15 gün depolama boyunca izlenmiştir. Kimyasal özelliklerde modifiye atmosferin önemli bir etkisi gözlenmemiştir (p&gt;0.05). Depolama boyunca segmentlerin  L*, a*, b* renk değerlerinde önemli bir değişim olmazken (p&gt;0.05), tekstür değerleri bütün uygulamalarda artış göstermiştir (p£0.05). Altıntop segmentleri yüksek oksijen uygulaması (%70) altında duyusal özellikleri dikkate alındığında 10 gün boyunca dayanırken, aktif (%20 oksijen +  %10 karbon dioksit) ve pasif (hava atmosferi) modifiye atmosfer uygulamaları altında tepeboşluğu oksijenin azalmasından dolayı 10 günden az dayanmıştır. Altıntoplar yüksek oksijen uygulaması kullanılarak tüketime hazır segmentler halinde dikkate alınabilir bir raf ömrü, kalite ve tüketim kolaylığı ile hazırlanabilir

Dental and Alveolar Inclination after Asymmetric Rapid Maxillary Expansion in True Unilateral Posterior Crossbite Cases

Aim:The objective of the present study was to evaluate maxillary dental and dentoalveolar changes in true unilateral posterior crossbite cases treated with asymmetric rapid maxillary expansion.Subjects and Methods:The study group comprised 38 patients in the permanent dentition divided into two groups as treatment (experimental) and control. In treatment group, for asymmetric rapid maxillary expansion, an acrylic bonded appliance was used. Orthodontic study models were obtained before RME (T1), after expansion (T2), and after retention period (T3) in treatment group and at the beginning of control and at the end of control in control group. A line of barium sulphate solution was drawn between the upper first molars on the models, and radiographs were taken. Buccal tipping of the molar crowns and alveolar processes were evaluated on the radiographic images of the models.Results:In the treatment group, there were statistically significant increases both after expansion (11.22°) and retention (9.65°) periods in the alveolar inclination angle (β) (p0,05).Conclusion:The asymmetric rapid maxillary expansion with a bonded RME appliance with full occlusal coverage of all upper teeth was found to be effective in correcting true unilateral posterior crossbites. The tipping of the first molars can be relatively decreased by this appliance

Minimal Processing and Modified Atmosphere Packaging of Carrot Discs: Effects of Packaging Film and Product Weight

Carrot (Daucus carota L.) discs were prepared and packaged in low density polyethylene (LDPE) bags with or without aluminium silicate under passive modified atmosphere, and then stored at 4 °C for 21 days. The effects of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) treatments on oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in the headspace, color, texture, mass loss, pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), β-carotene content and sensory quality of packaged carrot discs were determined. Oxygen levels decreased and carbon dioxide levels increased significantly within 7 days and stayed stable for the rest of the storage time. While L* and WI values increased, a* and b* values decreased at the end of the storage. Storage time was the most significant factor affecting physiological, physicochemical and sensory attributes. β-carotene content was 5.89 g kg−1 fresh tissue right after processing and decreased in all applications during storage. The shelf-life was determined as 14 days for minimally processed carrot discs for all applications

Sınıf II subdivizyon maloklüzyonda mandibular asimetrinin değerlendirmesi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Sınıf II subdivizyon maloklüzyonlardaki mandibular iskeletsel asimetrilerin prevalansını, Sınıf I ve Sınıf II maloklüzyonlarla karşılaşırmalı olarak belirlemektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya her biri 40’ar bireyden oluşan 3 grup dahil edilmiştir: bir Sınıf I oklüzyon grubu (14 erkek ve 26 kadın; yaş ortalaması 14.68±1.86), bir Sınıf II oküzyon grubu (12 erkek, 28 kadın ; yaş ortalaması 14.02±1.74), ve sınıf II subdivizyon oklüzyon grubu (19 erkek and 21 kadın; yaş ortalaması 14.32±2.42). Her bir hasta için panoramik radyogramlarda(OPG) sekiz doğrusal ve bir açısal ölçüm yapılmıştır. Sağ ve sol ya da Sınıf I ve Sınıf II tarafların ölçümlerini kıyaslamak için Wilcoxon testi kullanılmıştır. Grup içi değerlendirmelerde P &lt; 0,05 seviyesindeki asimetrilerin kıyaslanması için Kruskal-Wallis ve post-hoc Mann- Whitney U testleri kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Sınıf I ve Sınıf II veya subdivizyon grubundaki bireylerin Sınıf I tarafları ve Sınıf II tarafları veya sağ sol tarafları arasında, yalnızca gonial açıda anlamlı farklılık gözlenmiştir (P &lt; 0.05). Sınf II subdivizyon grubundaki kondil boyları ve korpus uzunluklarındaki asimetri indeksleri diğer gruplara kıyasla daha büyüktür (P &lt; 0.05) ve diğer asimetri indeksleri açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık gözlenmemiştir (P &lt; 0.05).Sonuçlar: Sınıf II subdivizyon grubundaki bireyler, Sınıf I ve Sınıf II gruplarındakilere kıyasla daha asimetrik mandibulaya sahiptir

Effects of the Activator and Twin Block on Facial Soft Tissue Thickness in Class II Division 1 Patients

Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of the activator and Twin Block appliances on soft tissue thickness in Class II division 1 patients.Materials and Methods:Soft tissue thickness measurements were obtained from standardized lateral and posteroanterior cephalograms taken at the beginning and end of the time the appliances were used. The study patients consisted of 3 different groups: the control group (group I) comprised 30 patients (13 male, 17 female; mean age: 12.15 6 0.61 years); the activator group (group II) comprised 30 patients (12 male, 18 female; mean age: 12.15 6 0.68 years); and the Twin Block group (group III) comprised 30 patients (14 male, 16 female; mean age: 12.10 6 0.62 years). In the present study, 12 linear anthropologic points were measured. Intragroup comparisons were analyzed using the paired samples t test; and for the intergroup comparisons, the ANOVA and Tukey tests were used at the p , 0.05 level.Results:According to the intragroup comparisons, there were significant differences in groups II and III in the skeletal measurements (SNB, ANB, L1-NB, UL-E plane, and LL-E plane), and in the soft tissue thickness measurements (labrale superius, stomion, labiomental, pogonion, and gnathion) (p,0.05). When the treatment changes were compared between the groups, there were no significant differences between groups II and III. However, between groups I and II or III there were significant differences in the measurements of the SNB, ANB, L1-NB, UL-E plane, LL-E plane, and labiomental soft tissue thicknesses.Conclusions:Both the activator and Twin Block therapies improved the mandibular advancement in Class II patients and affected the soft tissue thickness in a similar way; only the labiomental region was affected

Mechanical Properties of Different Aesthetic Archwires

Objectives:In response to patient demands for better aesthetics in orthodontics, manufacturers have developed different aesthetic wires and brackets. The aim of this study were to evaluate the mechanical properties of archwires. Thus, color properties and surface roughness of the different aesthetic archwires were analyzed.Materials and Method:Seven brands of aesthetic archwires were evaluated for color and roughness measurements. The color measurement of each sample was performed using a spectrophotometer. A profilometer was used to measure surface roughness. For roughness, Ra (average roughness), Rq (root mean square roughness), and Rz (maximum peak to valley height) parameters were used. A Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare intergroup differences. For pairwise comparisons, a Mann- Whitney U test was used.Results:Intergroup comparisons revealed remarkable differences between groups for all parameters. The surface roughness and Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage L*a*b* color values were statistically different from each other for all intergroup comparisons (p , .001).Conclusion:Having different color options for aesthetic wires gives clinicians an advantage in terms of the ability to choose archwires that are more harmonious with individual teeth in terms of bracket color and thus provide a more aesthetic appearance

Incidence of White Spot Lesion During Fixed Orthodontic Treatment

Objective:Development of white spot lesion (WSL) is one of the main side effects of fixed orthodontic treatment (FOT). The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of WSL during FOT and to determine the significant factors.Materials and Methods:One hundred and fifty patients (78 girls, 72 boys) were randomly selected to determine incipient WSL development. Labial surfaces on pretreatment and posttreatment photographs were scored with a standardized visual scoring system.Results:The prevalence of WSL is 21% before FOT. After FOT, 65% of patients presented WSL. The incidence of patients who developed at least one new WSL during FOT was 55%. Only 35% of patients were free of WSL all the time. Age at start of treatment and oral hygiene were significantly associated with new WSL development (p=0.004 and p=0.018, respectively). Gender and treatment length were not associated with new WSL development.Conclusion:The incidence of WSL in patients treated with FOT was significantly high, and it appeared that the preventive therapies were insufficient. Clinicians should evaluate the oral hygiene status of patients and if possible, should not begin treatment at an early age

Laboratuvardan Kliniğe Transplantasyon Pratiği

Transplantasyon; Temel Tıbbi Bilimler, Moleküler Tıp, Genetik ve İmmünolojiden klinik uygulamalardan destek alan multidisipliner bir tıp dalıdır. Temel bilimlerdeki başarılı çalışmaların kliniğe uygulanması, klinikte karşılaşılan sorunların da, oluşturulan deneysel hayvan modellerinde irdelenmesi, elde edilen bilgilerin klinik uygulamalara aktarılması; diğer deyişle tecrübelerin “Translational” özellikli olması günümüz transplantasyon çalışmalarında bir gerekliliktir. İmmün sistemin bileşenlerinin ve reaksiyonlarının iyi bilinmesi, hücreler arası ilişkilerde greftin reddi ya da kabul edilmesinin şartlarını doğru anlamak ve uygun laboratuvar yöntemleri ile klinik durumun aydınlatılması transplantasyonda stratejik önemdedir. Bu nedenle, klinik transplantasyon çalışmaları yapanlar temel bilimler bilgileri ile de donanımlı olmalıdırlar. Multidisipliner bir dal olma bilinci ile yapılan klinik transplantasyon çalışmalarında başarı yakalanmaktadır. Laboratuvardan Kliniğe Transplantasyon kitabımızda tüm yönleri ile transplantasyonun organizmaya etkileri ve bunların klinik sonuçlarını, çalışmalarımızın ışığında sunmayı ve tartışmayı hedefledik. Editör: Prof.Dr. Mesut İzzet TİTİZ Yardımcı Editör: Doç.Dr. Pınar AT