706 research outputs found
Numerical simulation of transient flow in horizontal drainage systems
AbstractA numerical simulation model based on the characteristic-based finite-difference method with a time-line interpolation scheme was developed for predicting transient free surface flow in horizontal drainage systems. The fundamental accuracy of the numerical model was first clarified by comparison with the experimental results for a single drainage pipe. Boundary conditions for junctions and bends, which are often encountered in drainage systems, were studied both experimentally and numerically. The numerical model was applied to an actual drainage system. Comparison with a full-scale model experiment indicates that the model can be used to accurately predict flow characteristics in actual drainage networks
Spin Excitation Spectra of Anisotropic Spin- Triangular Lattice Heisenberg Antiferromagnets
Investigation of dynamical excitations is difficult but crucial to the
understanding of many exotic quantum phenomena discovered in quantum materials.
This is particularly true for highly frustrated quantum antiferromagnets whose
dynamical properties deviate strongly from theoretical predictions made based
on the spin-wave or other approximations. Here we present a large-scale
numerical calculation on the dynamical correlation functions of spin-
triangular Heisenberg model using a state-of-the-art tensor network
renormalization group method. The calculated results allow us to gain for the
first time a comprehensive picture on the nature of spin excitation spectra in
this highly frustrated quantum system. It provides a quantitative account for
all the key features of the dynamical spectra disclosed by inelastic neutron
scattering measurements for , revealing the importance of
the interplay between low- and high-energy excitations and its renormalization
effect to the low-energy magnon bands and high-energy continuums. We identify
the longitudinal Higgs modes in the intermediate-energy scale and predict the
energy and momentum dependence of spectral functions along the three principal
axes that can be verified by polarized neutron scattering experiments.
Furthermore, we find that the spin excitation spectra weakly depend on the
anisotropic ratio of the antiferromagnetic interaction.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, and a Supplemental Materia
A Unified Hard-Constraint Framework for Solving Geometrically Complex PDEs
We present a unified hard-constraint framework for solving geometrically
complex PDEs with neural networks, where the most commonly used Dirichlet,
Neumann, and Robin boundary conditions (BCs) are considered. Specifically, we
first introduce the "extra fields" from the mixed finite element method to
reformulate the PDEs so as to equivalently transform the three types of BCs
into linear forms. Based on the reformulation, we derive the general solutions
of the BCs analytically, which are employed to construct an ansatz that
automatically satisfies the BCs. With such a framework, we can train the neural
networks without adding extra loss terms and thus efficiently handle
geometrically complex PDEs, alleviating the unbalanced competition between the
loss terms corresponding to the BCs and PDEs. We theoretically demonstrate that
the "extra fields" can stabilize the training process. Experimental results on
real-world geometrically complex PDEs showcase the effectiveness of our method
compared with state-of-the-art baselines.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, NeurIPS 202
Charm-Quark Production in Deep-Inelastic Neutrino Scattering at Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order in QCD
We present a fully differential next-to-next-to-leading order calculation of charm-quark production in charged-current deep-inelastic scattering, with full charm-quark mass dependence. The next-to-next-to-leading order corrections in perturbative quantum chromodynamics are found to be comparable in size to the next-to-leading order corrections in certain kinematic regions. We compare our predictions with data on dimuon production in (anti)neutrino scattering from a heavy nucleus. Our results can be used to improve the extraction of the parton distribution function of a strange quark in the nucleon.National Natural Science Foundation (China) (Grant No. 11375013)National Natural Science Foundation (China) (Grant No. 11135003)United States. Dept. of Energy (Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357)United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Nuclear Physics (U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-SC0011090
Identification of novel somatic fusions of ERG-VEGFA, TMPRSS2-ERG, and VEGFA-TMPRSS2 in prostate cancer treated with anlotinib and androgen deprivation therapy: A case report
The TMPRSS2-ERG fusion gene has frequently been found in prostate cancer and is associated with malignancy. Identifying novel fusions will help to stratify patients and establish patient-tailored therapies. A 78-year-old man presented to our hospital with severe symptoms of urinary urgency and frequency for 2 years, as well as severe bone pain for 1 year. He was diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 5 + 5. Three gene fusions, ERG_VEGFA, TMPRSS2_ERG, and VEGFA_TMPRSS2, were identified in the patient\u27s prostate cancer tissue. Notably, administration of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, anlotinib, in combination with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) and abiraterone, reduced the patient\u27s bone pain and also stabilized his prostate cancer for more than 2 years. This is the first report of somatic fusions among the VEGFA, ERG, and TMPRSS2 genes in cancer tissues from a patient with prostate cancer who responded well to antiangiogenic treatment combined with a GnRHa and abiraterone
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