48 research outputs found

    Application of Rarebit Perimetry in Preperimetric Glaucoma

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    Π¦Π΅Π»: Π”Π° сС опрСдСлят диагностичнитС Π²ΡŠΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° Rarebit пСримСтрията Π·Π° установяванС Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡŠΡ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡŠΠ³ΡŠΠ»Π½Π° Π³Π»Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°.ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ: Π’ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ са ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΎ 47 ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈ Π² Π΄Π²Π΅ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΈ: 23 ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈ с ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° Π³Π»Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ° (ΠŸΠŸΠ“) ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π½Π° Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠ° ΠΎΡ‚ 24 ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈ, изслСдвани Ρ‡Ρ€Π΅Π· Rarebit пСримСтрия (Π Π‘ΠŸ) ΠΈ стандартна Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° пСримСтрия (БАП). Π—Π° ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅ са ΠΈΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈ Kruskal Wallis Test, Mann-Whitney Test, Fisher's Exact Test. ЧувствитСлността ΠΈ спСцифичността Π½Π° Π Π‘ΠŸ Π·Π° установяванС Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΈ Π³Π»Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Π΅Π½Π° Ρ‡Ρ€Π΅Π· ROC Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ: Π‘Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ стойности Π·Π° МНR Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Π° ΠŸΠŸΠ“ са ΡΡŠΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ: 94.71% (SD 2.58); 87.61% (SD 4.80). Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π² стойноститС Π½Π° МНR ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅ са статистичСски Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΈ (Мann-Whitney Test, Ρ€<О.ОО1 ). Най-висока стойността Π½Π° AROC (0. 849) Π΅ постигната, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π° Π°Π±Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½ сС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Rarebit тСст с МНR<90% ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ сравняванС Π½Π° Π·Π΄Ρ€Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈ с Ρ‚Π΅Π·ΠΈ с ΠŸΠŸΠ“.Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅: Π Π‘ΠŸ Π΅ чувствитСлСн ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ спрямо Π΄Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈ Π² Π·Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° Π³Π»Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°. Π’Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŠΡ‚ Π΅ Π±ΡŠΡ€Π· ΠΈ лСсСн Π·Π° изпълнСниС.Aim: Π’ΠΎ determine the diagnostic capabilities of Rarebit perimetry for detection of early functional changes in primary open-angle glaucoma.Methods: А total of 47 eyes divided into two groups: 23 eyes with preperimetric glaucoma (PPG) and a control group of 24 eyes were examined with Rarebit perimetry (RBP) and standard automated perimetry (SAP). Π’ΠΎ evaluate the differences between the groups were used Kruskal Wallis Test, Mann-Whitney Test and Fisher's Exact Test. The sensitivity and specificity of the RBP for detection of early glaucomatous changes were evaluated by ROC analysis using different algorithms.Results: Average МНR for control and PPG group were respectively: 94.71% (SD 2.58); 87.61% (SD 4.80). Differences in МНR between the groups were statistically significant (Мann-Whitney Test, Ρ€ <0.001). The highest value of AROC (0.849) was achieved when as abnormal was accepted Rarebit test with МНR <90% when comparing healthy eyes to those with PPG.Conclusion: RBP is sensitive method for visual field defects in preperimetric glaucoma. The test is quick and easy to perform

    Application of OCT for choroid thickness examination

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    Π₯ороидСята прСдставлява Ρ‚ΡŠΠ½ΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½Π° ΠΈ васкуларизирана Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈ обстоятСлства, тя осигурява ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ "ΠΈΠ·Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½Π²Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎ" Π½Π° рСтиналния ΠΏΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π΅Π½ Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π» ΠΈ Π²ΡŠΠ½ΡˆΠ½Π°Ρ‚Π° Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π°, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ видимия ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° очния фундус, Π±Π΅Π· Π΄Π° сС подцСнява ролята ΠΉ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° рСгулация Π½Π° ΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ. Π‘ΡŠΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΠ²Π° голяма варнабилност Π² Π΄Π΅Π±Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° хороидСята (Π₯Π”) спорСд Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΡŠΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚, ΠΏΠΎΠ», аксиална дълТина ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€. ΠŸΡŠΡ€Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ изслСдвания Π½Π° Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° Π΄Π΅Π±Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚ Π΄Π° Π±ΡŠΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ прослСдСни Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° 20 Π²., ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π²Π°ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ, Π·Π° Π΄Π° сС стигнС Π΄ΠΎ всС ΠΏΠΎ-ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π·Π²Π°Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° Π² наши Π΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ…Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Π° томография (ОБВ) -мСдицинска изобразяваща Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° ниско-ΠΊΠΎΡ…Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° интСрфСромСтрия, ΠΈΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π·Π²Π°ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π²Π΅Π½Π° свСтлина. Π˜Π·ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° хороидСята посрСдством ОБВ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎ- Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΈ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈ заболявания.The choroid represents thin, pigmented and vascular lamina. In healthy eye, it supplies the nutrition either of retinal pigment epithelium or outer retina, and secures the colour of ocular fundus, and also plays an important role in the thermoregulation. There is a great variability in the choroidal thickness according to various factors as age, gender, refraction and others. First measurements of choroidal thickness could be traced to the beginning of 20th century, implementing and developing number of methods and techniques, which now are considered as outdated, just to reach nowadays` dominant-the optical coherence tomography (OCT). The choroidal thickness examination by OCT discovers new horizons for better understanding and treating of various retinal and chorioretinal disorders

    Ocular manifestations of diabetes mellitus: a general overview

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    Introduction: Diabetes is on the rise – according to the World Health Organization (WHO) over 400 million people worldwide are affected. Elevated blood sugar levels pose a risk for the lives of these patients as well as a serious deterioration in their quality of life. Apart from diabetic retinopathy, which poses an immediate risk to vision, virtually any part of the visual-sensory system can be irreversibly damaged. The objective of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of different eye complications in patients with type two diabetes and to propose guidelines for early diagnosis, clinical evaluation and treatment.Contingent and Methods: A total of 1654 adult patients hospitalized at the Clinic of Ophthalmology in the Alexandrovska Hospital were clinically evaluated including OCT scanning and visual field testing. Results: Approximately 13% of the patients (212) had type two diabetes as a concomitant disease. The most common eye manifestation of diabetes was cataract found in 73% of the patients. Other ocular manifestations of diabetes included primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), secondary glaucoma, retinopathy and vitreal bleeding, retinal detachment, ischemic optic neuropathy, oculomotor dysfunction and eye-lid inflammation.Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus bears a significant risk for ocular complications and visual disability. The disease can affect any part of the visual system β€’ the sensory, the oculomotor and the adjacent tissues (eyelids and tear production and outflow). Patients with diabetes require regular follow up and timely intervention to prevent irreversible damage to the visual system

    Transplantation of ex vivo expanded limbal stem cells

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    Π¦Π΅Π» : Π¦Π΅Π» Π½Π° настоящото ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡƒΡ‡Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π΅ Π΄Π° сС изслСдват Π²ΡŠΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π° трансплантацията Π½Π° Π΅Ρ… vivo Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ±Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½ΠΈ стволови ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π° Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡŠΡ€Ρ…Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈ заболявания. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ: Врансплантации Π½Π° Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈ Π΅Ρ… vivo Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ стволови ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ бяха ΠΈΠ·Π²ΡŠΡ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° срСдна Π²ΡŠΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚ 56.5 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· Клиника ΠΏΠΎ ΠžΡ‡Π½ΠΈ болСсти към Π£ΠœΠ‘ΠΠ› "АлСксандровска". Всички Ρ‚Π΅ дСмонстрираха ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»Π΅Π·ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ±Π°Π»Π½Π° ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΡŠΡ‡Π½Π° инсуфициСнция, асоциирана с Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ заболявания Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡŠΡ€Ρ…Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚, която Π±Π΅ дСмонстрирана Ρ‡Ρ€Π΅Π· импрСсионна цитология. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π°Π½ΠΎ съгласиС Π±Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ° Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ±Π°Π»Π½Π° биопсия. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈ бяха ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΏiΠ’Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» Π·Π° ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΡŠΡ‡Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· ΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±Π° Π½Π° ксСнобиотични ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈ. ЧСтиринадСсСт Π΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ-късно Π±Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ с готовия трансплантат. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΡŠΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ сС ΠΈΠ·Π²ΡŠΡ€ΡˆΠΈ Ρ‡Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ…Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Π° томография Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ сСгмСнт ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈ слСд трансплантацията. ΠšΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π· a успСх ΠΎΡ‚ трансплантацията Π½Π° Π΅Ρ… vivo Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ стволови ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π²Π°Ρ‚: 1. пълна СпитСлизация Π½Π° Ρ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡŠΡ€Ρ…Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚; 2. рСдукция Π½Π° нСоваскуларизацията ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡŠΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ ѝ ΠΈΠ·Ρ‡Π΅Π·Π²Π°Π½Π΅; 3. Π²ΡŠΠ·ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈ прозрачност, Π΄Π΅Π±Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ рСфлСкс Π½Π° Ρ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π°; 4. ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π·Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° острота. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ : ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ всички ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ сС наблюдава ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ субСктивнитС оплаквания. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π˜!Vш ΠΎΡ‚ изслСдванитС бяха изпълнСни Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ критСрия Π·Π° ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½Π° трансплантация. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΎΡ‚ случаитС Π½Π΅ Π±Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π·Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° острота, ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ засяганС Π½Π° зритСлния Π½Π΅Ρ€Π² ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΡƒΠΌΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½ процСс. НС сС Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ…Π° Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‚Ρ…Π²ΡŠΡ€Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ Π½Π° трансплантата. Π›ΠΈΠΌΠ±Π°Π»Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° биопсия Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ€Π° инсуфициСнция Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠΎ. Изводи : Врансплантацията Π½Π° Π΅Ρ… vivo Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ±Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ стволови ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π΅ Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½ ΠΈ бСзопасСн ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π° Π²ΡŠΠ·ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡŠΡ€Ρ…Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚, ΠΊΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π° бъдС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ заболявания, асоциирани с Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ±Π°Π»Π½Π° ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΡŠΡ‡Π½Π° инсуфициСнция.Purpose: To investigate the application of autologous ex vivo expanded limbal stem cell transplantation in the management of ocular surface disease. Materials and methods: Autologous ex vivo expanded stem cells were transplanted to four patients with mean age 56.5 years from the Depmtment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Alexandrovska. All patients presented signs of unilateral limbal stem cell deficiency, associated with trophic disease of the ocular surface, which was demonstrated on impression cytology. After informed consent was obtained a minimally invasive limbal biopsy was performed. The limbal materials were cultured using a novel protocol without additional xenobiotic products. The grafts were transplanted after fourteen days. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography before and after the intervention was used for assessment of the condition. Success of the procedure was defined as 1. Complete epithelialization of the corneal surface, 2. partial or complete reduction of neovascularization, 3. achieving normal corneal transparency, thickness and reflex, 4. visual acuity improvement. Results: Clinical recovery was observed in all patients, as well as improvement of subjective ocular comfort. In three of the cases all four success criteria were met. Visual acuity of one patient did not change, due to neoplastic process, pervading the optic nerve. No graft rejection reactions were observed. Limbal biopsy did not induce limbal stem cell deficiency in the donor eye. Conclusion: Transplantation of autologous ex vivo expanded limbal stem cells is an effective and safe method for ocular surface reconstruction, which can be applied in different conditions, associated with limbal stem cell deficiency

    Mean Age of Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus during Surgical Treatment of Age-Related Cataract

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    Introduction: Age-related cataract is one of the most common causes of preventable blindness. Type 2 diabetes is a non-infectious epidemic disease with an ever-increasing number of diseased patients. Cataract is one of the leading causes of reduced vision in diabetics. The preferred treatment method is phacoemulsification. The aim of the present study was to compare the mean age of patients with and without diabetes type 2 at the time of cataract surgery. Materials and methods: After informed consent and approval by the Ethics Commission of the Medical University of Sofia, 176 patients admitted to the Clinic of Ophthalmology at the University Hospital β€žAlexandrovskaβ€œ for surgical treatment of cataract were randomized. Inclusion criteria: diagnosed age-related cataract, requiring surgical treatment. Patients were divided into two groups – diabetic type 2 and non-diabetic patients. Inclusion criteria for the group of diabetics: medical history of diabetes type 2 and administration of anti diabetic medications. Results: The average age of patients undergoing cataract surgery was 70.81 years. The average ageof patients with diabetes type 2 was 65.89 years, and that of non-diabetics – 71.74 years. Diabetes type 2 was established at 15.91 % of patients (19 men and 9 women). Conclusion: Patients with diabetes type 2 develop age-related cataract, requiring surgical treatment, at an earlier age compared to non-diabetics. The transparency of the lens in diabetic patients is of particular importance for the diagnosis and treatment of the diabetic retinopathy. Follow-up by an ophthalmologist and maintenance of strict blood glucose control are necessary to reduce the incidence of vision loss, caused by cataract and diabetic retinopathy

    Transplantation of ex vivo expanded limbal stem cells in neurotrophic keratopathy - a case report

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    ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ случай Π½Π° Π½Π΅Π²Ρ€ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° кСратопатия, асоциирана с ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ±Π°Π»Π½Π° ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΡŠΡ‡Π½Π° инсуфициСнция. Π˜Π·Π²ΡŠΡ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π° Π±Π΅ трансплантация Π½Π° Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈ Π΅Ρ… vivo Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ±Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ стволови ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ. Π˜Π·ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ диагностични ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π²Π°Ρ‚ биомикроскопия, ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ изслСдванС Π½Π° сСкрСт ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡŽΠ½ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π° ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° лСзия, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π° рСакция Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Π° тСчност Π·Π° хСрпСс вирусна Π”ΠΠš, ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ…Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Π° томография Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ сСгмСнт. ΠŸΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ липсата Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ слСд консСрвативно Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ° Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ±Π°Π»Π½Π° биопсия ΠΈ трансплантация Π½Π° Π°ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½Π°. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈ стволови ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ бяха Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π΅Ρ… vivo ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» Π±Π΅Π· ксСнобиотични ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈ с прСноситСл Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π° Π°ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½Π°. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŠΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½ΠΈ слоСвС Π΅Ρ… vivo, сС Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ с готовия трансплантат. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡŠΡ€Ρ…Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ Π±Π΅ напълно Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½Π° ΠΈ Π·Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° острота сС ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½ΠΎ. Наблюдава сС рСгрСс Π½Π° нСоваскуларнитС съдовС ΠΈ всички симптоми Π½Π° Ρ…Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ възпалСниС сС ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‡ΠΈΡ…Π°. Врансплантацията Π½Π° Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈ Π΅Ρ… vivo Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ±Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ стволови ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ с прСноститСл Π°ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π° бъдС Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π° Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π½Π΅Π²Ρ€ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° кСратопатия, асоциирана с Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ±Π°Π»Π½Π° ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΡŠΡ‡Π½Π° инсуфициСнция.We present a case of neurotrophic keratopathy associated with limbal stem cell deficiency, treated by transplantation of autologous ex vivo expanded limbal stem cells. The applied diagnostic methods include slit-lamp examination, microbiological samples from conjunctiva and corneal lesion, polymerase chain reaction of aqueous humor for herpes virus DNA, anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Since no improvement was observed with conservative treatment, a minimally invasive limbal biopsy and transplantation of amniotic membrane were performed. The collected autologous limbal stem cells were expanded ex vivo using an innovative protocol without xenobiotic products on intact amniotic membrane. After sufficient epithelial layers were obtained ex vivo the graft was transplanted on the ocular surface of the patient. Postoperatively the corneal surface was completely covered by epithelium, visual acuity improved significantly. Regression of neovascular vessels was observed and all symptoms of chronic inflammation were alleviated. Transplantation of ex vivo expanded limbal stem cells on amniotic membrane can be an effective treatment method for neurotrophic keratopathy, associated with limbal stem cell deficiency

    Objective Assessment of Meibomian Gland Loss and Investigation of a Correlation with Non-Invasive Tear Break up Time using OCULUS Keratograph 5m.

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    Π‘Π»ΡŠΠ·Π½ΠΈΡΡ‚ Ρ„ΠΈΠ»ΠΌ сС ΡΡŠΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ няколко слоя- ΠΌΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ·Π½Π° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° Ρ„Π°Π·Π°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½ΠΈ ΡΡŠΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ Π³ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡŠΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΈ с Π½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ маслСн слой, Ρ‡ΠΈΠΈΡ‚ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ сС сСкрСтират ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ±ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ синдрома сухо ΠΎΠΊΠΎ сС наблюдава ΡƒΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½Π΅ Π² слъзния Ρ„ΠΈΠ»ΠΌ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄Π΅Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ Π½Π° слъзна тСчност ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΉ изпаряванС. Π‘Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π° сС, Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ±ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° дисфункция Π΅ основна ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π° Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° сухо ΠΎΠΊΠΎ, която ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ нСстабилност Π½Π° слъзния Ρ„ΠΈΠ»ΠΌ, ΡƒΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡŠΡ€Ρ…Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π», Ρ…Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ Π±Π»Π΅Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚, субСктивСн дискомфорт ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΡŠΡ€ΠΏΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ носСнС Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΈ Π»Π΅Ρ‰ΠΈ. Π¦Π΅Π» Π½Π° настоящСто изслСдванС Π΅ Π΄Π° сС изслСдва ΡΡŠΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ±ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ Π²ΡŠΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎ сС ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ срСдната ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Π° липса Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ±ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΈ ΠΆΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΈ Π½Π° Π³ΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‡. Π”Π° сС Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π·Π° Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΅Π»Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π° зависимост ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ липсата Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ±ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΈ ΠΆΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΡŠΡΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° слъзния Ρ„ΠΈΠ»ΠΌ. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ: Π—Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ сС ΠΈΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π·Π²Π° ΠšΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π°Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ Oculus 5m. ИзслСдвани са 285 ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° Π²ΡŠΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ 20 Π΄ΠΎ 90 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ мСйбографски снимки са ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° спСциализиран софтуСр Image J. Π”Π°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ са ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈ статистичСски ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΅Π»Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π° зависимост (ΠΊΠΎΠ΅Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΠŸΠΈΡŠΡ€ΡΡŠΠ½), Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π° рСгрСсия ANOVA с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° IΠ’Πœ SPSS v 19.0.0. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ: УстановСна Π΅ слаба ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΅Π»Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π° зависимост ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ изслСдванитС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³ΡƒΠ±Π° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ±ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΈ ΠΆΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½Π° Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΡŠΡΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° слъзния Ρ„ΠΈΠ»ΠΌ. Π’ΡŠΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ‚Π° сС ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π²Π° Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π²Π°Ρ‰ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ Π·Π° ΡΡŠΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ±ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΆΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΈ, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŠΡ‚ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π²Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° голямо Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ОсвСн Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΡŠΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΠ²Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π·Π°Π³ΡƒΠ±Π°Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° ΠΆΠ»Π΅Π·ΠΈ Π½Π° Π³ΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‡, Π²ΡŠΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΊΠΈ установСната зависимост ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π΄Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‡Π°.The tear film consists of mucus and aqueous phase produced by the Goblet cells and tear glands and overlaying oily layer which is result of the function of Meibomian glands. The tear film in Dry eye syndrome is damaged either through tear deficiency or through its excessive evaporation. It is considered that the Meibomian gland dysfunction is the main reason for Dry eye disease and can result in tear film instability, damage of the epithelial surface cells, chronic blepharitis, subjective discomfort, contact lenses intolerance and others. Aim of the current study is the investigation of Meibomian glands in patients of different ages by determination of the percent Meibomian gland loss (MGL) for the upper and lower eyelid and the correlation analysis between MGL and non-invasive tear break up time (NIBUT). Materials and methods: The Meibomian gland loss and NIBUT were determined by the corneal Keratograph Oculus 5m. 285 eyes were included of patients ranging from 20 to 90 years of age. The meibographic images were subsequently analyzed with Image J software. The statistical analysis regarding Pearson correlation, linear regression and ANOVA was performed with IBM SPSS v.19.0.0 Results and conclusions: A weak but statistically significant correlation was determined between Meibomian glands loss and the non-invasive tear break up time. The patients` age turns out to be the most important factor, while the gender is of no such significance. Besides a difference was estimated between the percent of lower and upper eyelid Meibomian gland loss although there is a correlation between them

    Ocular Manifestations In COVID-19: Clinical Case Reports And A Literature (Review)

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    Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected more than 130 million people as of April 2021. During the current pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 has been found to cause conjunctivitis with anecdotal evidence of a wide range of manifestations from scleritis to retinitis, occlusive vasculitis and optic neuritis. The purpose of this study is to raise awareness about possible COVID-19 related ocular manifestations, including papillophlebitis, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, uveitis and neuroretinitis. Further detailed analyses will be needed to elucidate the link between SARS-CoV-2 and ocular pathology

    Predictive factors for the development of post-operative fibrinous exudation

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    Всяка Ρ…ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡ€Π³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π° Π² офталмологията Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° Π΄Π΅Π±Π°Ρ‚, относно своитС прилоТСния, Сфикасност, рискови Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈ, противипоказания ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€. НалицС Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π°Ρ‡Π΅ нСдискутируСм ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½ консСнсус Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°, Ρ‡Π΅ постопСративното възпалСниС слСд всяка Ρ…ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡ€Π³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° интСрвСнция трябва Π΄Π° бъдС ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎ1. ЧСстотата Π½Π° Π²ΡŠΠ·ΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° рСакция Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° слСд ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½Π° хирургия ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π° достигнС Π΄ΠΎ 30%, Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ тСТСст2. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° Π²ΡŠΠ·ΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½Π° рСакция Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡˆΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π°, Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ повишаванС Π½Π° Π²ΡŠΡ‚Ρ€Π΅ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ наляганС (Π’ΠžΠ), ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅Π°Π»Π΅Π½ Π΅Π΄Π΅ΠΌ, Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½Π° ΡƒΠ²Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°, Ρ„ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° Сксудация ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½Π° Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, Π·Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈ синСхии, кистоидСн ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π΅ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ, Ρ…Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΡƒΠ²Π΅ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€. ИзслСдванС ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π²Π°Ρ‚ влияниС Π²ΡŠΡ€Ρ…Ρƒ Ρ„ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Π° Сксудация, Π±ΠΈΡ…Π° поставили Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π²ΡŠΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈ Π·Π° дискусия, относно ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄- , ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°- ΠΈ постопСративния Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠ΅Π²Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŠΠΌ.Π¦Π΅Π»Π”Π° изслСдвамС ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΡ…Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π° Π±ΡŠΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΅Π»Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ с Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° рСакция Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° слСд факоСмулсификационна хирургия. Π”Π° прСдставим, ΡΡŠΡ‰ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠ°, нашия ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚ Π² тСрапията Π½Π° остро Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŠΠΏΠΈΠ»Π°Ρ‚Π° Ρ„ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° Сксудация.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ”ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½ΡŠΡ‚ Π½Π° настоящСто ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡƒΡ‡Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π΅ рСтроспСктивСн ΠΈ обсСрвационСн, с ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° прослСдяванС 04.01 - 15.12.2017r. ΠšΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π·Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π² изслСдванСто са стандартно ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π° факоСмулсификация Π½Π° Π»Π΅Ρ‰Π°, Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ имплантация Π½Π° Π’ΠžΠ› Π² капсулния сак.Π˜Π·ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π²Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΠΎ сС Π²Π·Π΅Ρ…Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄, с Ρ†Π΅Π» обособяванС Π½Π° рисковитС Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈ само Π·Π° факоСмулсификацията ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ…ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡ€Π³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄, са ΠΈΠ·Π²ΡŠΡ€ΡˆΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΏΠ½Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½Π° Ρ…ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡ€Π³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π° (факоСмулсификация с трабСкулСктомия, факоСмулсификация с парс ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π° витрСктомия).Π˜Π·Π²ΡŠΡ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ изслСдвания Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π²Π° обстойно ΠΎΡ„Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ изслСдванС, ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½Π° офталмоскопия, Goldmann тономСтрия, кСратомСтрия ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π°, ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° А Схография.На всички 191 участници Π² изслСдванСто, ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΠΎ 67 мъТС (35,1 %) ΠΈ 124 ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ (64,9%), Π½Π° срСдна Π²ΡŠΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚ ~ 68Π³., Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΡΠ΄ΡŠΠΊ, Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΡŠΡ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π° факоСмулсификация Π½Π° Π»Π΅Ρ‰Π° с имплантация Π½Π° Π²ΡŠΡ‚Ρ€Π΅ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π° изкуствСна Π»Π΅Ρ‰Π° (Π’ΠžΠ›). Всички ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ са ΠΈΠ·Π²ΡŠΡ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π² 3Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠšΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈ болСсти, Π£ΠœΠ‘ΠΠ› "АлСксандровска", ΠΎΡ‚ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ Ρ…ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡ€Π³, ΠΏΠΎ Π΅Π΄Π½Π° ΠΈ ΡΡŠΡ‰Π°, ΡƒΡ‚Π²ΡŠΡ€Π΄Π΅Π½Π° Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°.РСзултатиНа всички 191 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° (191 ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈ) Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΡŠΡ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π° факоСмулсификация Π½Π° Π»Π΅Ρ‰Π° с имплантация Π½Π° Π’ΠžΠ›, ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΡ‚Π²ΡŠΡ€Π΄Π΅Π½Π° Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π±Π΅Π· ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. 78 (40,8%) ΠΎΡ‚ участницитС са с Ρ…ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½, Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½, асфСричСн ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎ останалата Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠ° ΠΎΡ‚ 113 Π΄ΡƒΡˆΠΈ (59,2%) са с Ρ…ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½, Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½, асфСричСн Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π° Π’ΠžΠ›. ΠŸΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ с ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»Π½Π° ( Ρ…ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π½Π° ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°) Π’ΠžΠ› са 162 (84,8%), a ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ 29 (15,2%) Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°Π½Π° Ρ…ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π½Π° Π’ΠžΠ› с Ρ€Π°Π·ΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π° Π΄ΡŠΠ»Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° фокуса (EDOF). Π€ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° Сксудация Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° (ПК), ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π· ранния постопСративСн ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄, Π΅ установСна ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° (2,4%) ΠΎΡ‚ изслСдваната ΠΊΠΎΡ…ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»Π½Π° тСрапия с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΡŠΠ·ΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½ΠΈ срСдства (кортикостСроиди) Ρ„ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ всСки ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° сС Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΎΡ€Π±ΠΈΡ€Π° напълно. ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π±Π΅, Ρ‡Π΅ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° Π·Π°Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ‚ (80% ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ с Сксудация), ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π²Π°Ρ‰ΠΎ заболяванС, ΠΈ имплантацията Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»Π½Π° Ρ…ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π½Π° Π’ΠžΠ› (1 ОО% ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ с Сксудация) са Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ с Π½Π°ΠΉ-висока ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π° стойност Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° рСакция.Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Ρ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π° ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π° Π΅ срСд основнитС Π²ΡŠΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-ΡΠ²ΡŠΡ€Π·Π°Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈ заболявания. НСйната чСстота нараства с Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° Π²ΡŠΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ‚Π° 3. Π’ Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΈ свСтовСн ΠΌΠ°Ρ‰Π°Π± факоСмулсификацията Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΉ-чСсто ΠΈΠ·Π²ΡŠΡ€ΡˆΠ²Π°Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° Ρ…ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡ€Π³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° интСрвСнция Π² офталмологията 4. Π Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π²ΡŠΡ‚Ρ€Π΅ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈ изкуствСни Π»Π΅Ρ‰ΠΈ Π² днСшно Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π΅ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π²Π°ΠΉΠΊΠΈ сС Π΄Π° Π·Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ постоянно ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡˆΠ°Π²Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ сС изисквания ΠΈ стандарти Π² офталмохирургията. ΠŸΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‡Π²Π°Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π° сС чСстотата Π½Π° захарния Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ‚ поставя Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΈ Π²ΡŠΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠΈ относно ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ Π’ΠžΠ› са Π½Π°ΠΉ-подходящи ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΡŠΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ със систСмни ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°Π²Π°Ρ‰ΠΈ заболявания.IntroductionEach surgical procedure in ophthalmology is a subject of debate about its applications, efficiency, risk factors, contraindications, etc. There is, however, an indiscriminate and persistent consensus that post-operative inflammation after each surgical intervention should be minimal. The incidence of inflammation in the anterior chamber after cataract surgery may reach 30%, varying in severity. The anterior chamber inflammatory response is significant due to the fact that it can lead to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal edema, endothelial damage, fibrinous exudation and membrane in the anterior chamber, posterior synechiae, cystoid macular edema, chronic anterior uveitis and others. Investigation and analysis of various factors influencing fibrinous pre-chamber exudation would pose new questions for discussion about the pre-, intra- and postoperative therapeutic algorithm.AimTo investigate and analyze various factors that might be in correlation relationship with the development of fibrinous reaction in the anterior chamber after phacoemulsification surgery. Let`s also present our clinical experience in the treatment of acute fibrinous exudation.Material and methodsThe design of the present clinical study is retrospective and observational, with tracked period 04.01- 15.12.2017. Criteria for inclusion in the study were standard phacoemulsification of the lens without intraoperative complications and implantation of IOL into the capsuler bag. The exclusion criteria taken into account for the purpose of differentiating the risk factors only for the phacoemulsification as a surgical method are executing the one-step combined surgical procedure (phacoemulsification with trabeculectomy, phacoemulsification with pars plan vitrectomy). The preoperative set of studies performed includes a thorough ophthalmologic exam, indirect ophthalmoscopy, Goldmann tonometry, keratometry and biometric ultrasonic A echography. To all 191 participants in the study, of which 67 men (35.1%) and 124 women (64.9%), with average age Γ΄β‚¬β€šΒ§ 68 years, by planned order was assigned a phacoemulsification of the lens with implanted intraocular artificial lens (IOL). All operations were performed in the 3rd ward of the Ophthalmology Clinic, University Hospital `Aleksandrovska`, by one surgeon, according to the same methodology approved in the clinic.ResultsTo all 191 patients (191 eyes) was accomplished phacoemulsification of the lens and implanted an IOL, according to a methodology approved in the ward without any complications. 78 (40.8%) of the participants had a hydrophobic, acrylic, aspheric implant, while the other group of 113 (59.2%) participants had a hydrophilic, acrylic, aspheric IOL. The patients with conventional monofocal (hydrophilic and hydrophobic) IOL were 162 (84.8%) and 29 (15.2%) were with implanted hydrophilic IOL with extended depth of focus. Fibrinous exudation in the anterior chamber during the early postoperative period was found in five patients (2.4%) of the studied cohort. After local therapy with anti-inflammatory drugs (corticosteroids), the fibrinous membrane in each of the five patients is completely absorbed. It was reported that the presence of diabetes mellitus (80% of the patients with exudation) as an accompanying disease and the implantation of monofocal hydrophilic IOL (for 100% of patients with exudation) were the factors with the highest predictive value for developing a pathological fibrinous reaction.ConclusionSenile cataract is among the main age-related eye diseases. Its frequency increases as the age advances. In the national and world scale, phacoemulsification is the most commonly performed surgical intervention in ophthalmology. The variety of intraocular artificial lenses nowadays is enormous, aiming to satisfy the ever-increasing demands and standards in ocular surgery. The rising incidence of diabetes mellitus poses new and important questions about which type of IOL are the most appropriate and recommended in patients with systemic accompanying diseases

    Oscillations of the critical temperature in superconducting Nb/Ni bilayers

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    We investigated Nb/Ni bilayers prepared by magnetron sputtering on glass substrates. The quality of the films was characterized by small-angle X-ray diffraction analysis. The thickness of the layers was determined by the Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). For specimens with constant Nb layer thickness we observed distinct oscillations of the superconducting critical temperature upon increasing the thickness of the Ni layer. The results are interpreted in terms of Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) like inhomogeneous superconducting pairing in the ferromagnetic Ni Layer
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