sP- and sE-selectin in stroke patients with metabolic disorders

Background Activation of platelets and endothelial cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and thrombotic disorders. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between the metabolic disorders and markers of platelet activity and vascular injury in patient with acute ischemic stroke. Material and methods The study group consisted of 84 patients with acute non-lacunar ischemic stroke divided into four subgroups with: (1) normolipidemia and normoglycemia, (2) normolipidemia and hyperglycemia, (3) hyperlipidemia and normoglycemia, (4) hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. 21 healthy subjects served as controls. We analyzed the concentration of adhesion molecules sP-selectin and sE-selectin in serum collected from all studied groups using ELISA method. Results We observed significantly higher sE- and sP-selectin concentration in patients with hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia compared to both control subjects and patients with normolipidemia and normoglycemia. We did not observe additional effect of comorbid hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia on studied markers. Soluble E- and P-selectin concentration correlated positively with LDL, TC and HbA1c level in all stroke patients. Conclusion Soluble E- and P-selectin, blood markers of vascular injury and platelet activation, could be useful in the assessment of atherothrombotic properties of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in stroke patients

6-Hy­droxy-2,5,7,8-tetra­methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-2-carbonitrile, from synchrotron data

The crystal structure of the title compound, C14H17NO2, solved and refined against synchrotron diffraction data, contains one formula unit in an asymmetric unit. In the crystal, mol­ecules form right-handed helices located at the 21 screw axis parallel to the a-axis direction, generated by O—H⋯N hydrogen bonding between the hy­droxy group and carbonitrile group of an adjacent mol­ecule

rac-6-Hy­droxy-2,5,7,8-tetra­methyl­chroman-2-carboxamide from synchrotron data

The crystal structure of the title water-soluble analogue of vitamin E, trolox amide, C14H19NO3, solved and refined against synchrotron diffraction data, contains two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. In both molecules, the heterocyclic ring is in a half-chair conformation. The crystal packing features a herring-bone pattern generated by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the hy­droxy and amide groups. O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds also occur

Fibrinogen concentrations in ischaemic stroke patients with metabolic disorders

Background. Hyperfibrinogenemia plays a crucial role in the coagulation cascade leading to the formation of clots. It is involved in the process of platelet aggregation, primary haemostasis, and leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions. The aim of our study was to assess the correlations between fibrinogen concentration and particular risk factors for vascular diseases and atherosclerotic changes in stroke patients. Methods. The study group consisted with 94 patients with acute ischaemic stroke with normo- or hyperglycaemia and normoor hyperlipidemia. 21 healthy subjects served as a control group. Fibrinogen level, HbA1c, and lipid profile were measured in all patients. Using a flow cytometer, we assessed CD61 positive microparticles which were defined as platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs). The level of sP-selectin in serum was measured using the ELISA method. Results. A significant positive correlation was observed between fibrinogen concentration and sP-selectin (p = 0.001), HbA1c (p < 0.05) level, and percentage of PDMPs (p < 0.05) in the study patients. Furthermore, we noticed a significant negative correlation between fibrinogen concentration and the level of HDL (p < 0.05). No correlation was observed between fibrinogen and TC, LDL and TG levels. Conclusions and clinical implications. Our findings suggest that an elevated fibrinogen level may represent a marker of prothrombotic condition exacerbated in the state of hyperglycaemia and activation of platelets and endothelial cells. This suggests an important role played by fibrinogen in the process of thrombogenesis

2,2,5,7,8-Penta­methyl­chroman-6-yl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-d-glucopyran­oside from synchrotron data

The crystal structure of the title compound, C28H38O11, solved and refined against synchrotron diffraction data, contains two formula units in the asymmetric unit. In both mol­ecules, the dihydro­pyran ring along with its methyl substituents is disordered and adopts two alternative half-chair conformations. The occupancy of the major conformers of the two mol­ecules refined to 0.858 (5) and 0.523 (5)

The impact of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia on plasma P-selectin and platelet markers after ischemic stroke

Introduction Platelet activation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Thus, it is very important to identify novel pharmacological targets for platelet inhibition to improve ischemic stroke treatment. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between metabolic disorders and platelet activity markers in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Material and methods : Ninety-four patients with acute ischemic stroke were divided into four groups with: normolipidemia and normoglycemia (NL/NG), n = 25; normolipidemia and hyperglycemia (NL/HG), n = 21; hyperlipidemia and normoglycemia (HL/NG), n = 27; hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia (NL/NG), n = 21. Twenty-one healthy subjects served as controls. We assessed the CD62P expression on resting and thrombin-activated blood platelets using the flow cytometer and anti-CD61 and anti-CD62P monoclonal antibodies. CD61-positive microparticles were defined as platelet-derived microparticles. The level of sP-selectin in serum was measured by the ELISA method. Results: We observed a significant influence of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia on sP-selectin concentration. A strong correlation between higher sP-selectin concentration and enhanced LDL (p = 0.001), total cholesterol (p = 0.02), HbA 1c level (p < 0.001) was noticed. The level of sP-selectin and PDMPs (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in all groups of stroke patients compared with the controls. CD62P expression on resting and thrombin activated platelets were significantly lower in groups of patients with stroke. Conclusions : Hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia exert an equal stimulatory effect on tested platelet markers but with no synergistic action in stroke patients with both of the metabolic comorbidities. sP-selectin concentration in stroke patients best reflects the impact of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia on vascular lesions and platelet activation

Impact of Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator on Selected Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease and Left Ventricle Structure and Function in Chronic Kidney Disease

Background. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are very high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (CERA) on selected biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, left ventricle structure, and function in CKD. Material and Methods. Peripheral blood was collected from 25 CKD patients before and after CERA treatment and 20 healthy subjects. In serum samples, we assessed inflammatory markers (IL-1β, TNF-RI, TNF-RII, sFas, sFasL, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TGF-β1), endothelial dysfunction markers (sE-selectin, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1), and volume-related marker (NT-proBNP). All subjects underwent echocardiography and were evaluated for selected biochemical parameters (Hb, creatinine, and CRP). Results. Evaluated biomarkers and echocardiographic parameters of left ventricle structure were significantly increased but left ventricle EF was significantly decreased in CKD patients compared to controls. After CERA treatment, we observed a significant increase of Hb and left ventricle EF and a significant decrease of NT-proBNP and MMP-9. There was a significant negative correlation between Hb and TNF-RI, sICAM-1, and IL-1β. Conclusions. Our results indicate that selected biomarkers related to cardiovascular risk are significantly increased in CKD patients compared to controls. CERA treatment has anti-inflammatory action, diminishes endothelial dysfunction, and improves left ventricle function in these patients

Hyperlipidemia and platelet activation markers in patients after ischemic stroke

Background: Platelet hyperactivity and coagulation readiness are additional predictors increasing risk of vascular events. The association between hyperlipidemia, excessive platelets activation and reactivity may be clinically significant because of increasing risk of ischemic stroke. Aim: The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of hyperlipidemia on platelet activation markers (platelet P-selectin, leukocyte-platelet aggregates) in patients after ischemic stroke. Methods: The study group consist of 41 patients after ischemic stroke (>3 months) confirmed by CT. We assessed platelet P-selectin and leukocyte-platelet aggregates in hyperlipidemic (HL, n=21), normolipidemic (NL, n=20) group and 20 healthy subjects served as controls using monoclonal antibodies anti-CD61, anti-CD62 and anti-CD45 on flow cytometer. We also assessed MPV and fibrinogen tolevel. Results: We observed the highest percentage of platelets CD62P+ in HL and it was significantly higher compared to NL (p3 miesięcy) potwierdzonym badaniem TK głowy. U pacjentów z hiperlipidemią (HL=21) i normolipidemią (NL=20) oraz u 20 zdrowych osób stanowiących grupę porównawczą oceniano płytkową P-selektynę oraz agregaty leukocytarno-płytkowe przy użyciu cytometrii przepływowej, stosując przeciwciała monoklonalne anty-CD61, anty-CD62 i anty-CD45. Ponadto oceniano MPV oraz stężenie fibrynogenu w osoczu. Wyniki: W grupie HL obserwowano najwyższy odsetek płytek krwi CD62P+ znacząco wyższy niż w grupie NL (p<0,05) i grupie porównawczej (p=0,005). Stężenie fibrynogenu w osoczu w grupie pacjentów udarowych NL i HL było znamiennie wyższe od stężenia fibrynogenu w grupie porównawczej (p<0,001). Nie wykazano istotnych różnic w odsetku agregatów leukocytarno-płytkowych oraz w średniej objętości płytek krwi pomiędzy poszczególnymi grupami. Wnioski: U wszystkich pacjentów po przebytym udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu obserwowano stan zagrożenia trombozą pod postacią zwiększonego stężenia fibrynogenu oraz nadmierną aktywację płytek krwi, bardziej nasiloną w grupie pacjentów z hiperlipidemią