Прогнозирование и ранняя диагностика преэклампсии

The relevance of prediction and early diagnosis of preeclampsia is due to the fact that the current preeclampsia continues to be the most complicated section of obstetrics, being one of the leading causes of high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This article provides an overview of the literature on combined prenatal screening of preeclampsia.Актуальность прогнозирования и ранней диагностики преэклампсии обусловлена тем, что в настоящее время преэклампсия продолжает оставаться сложнейшим разделом акушерства, являясь одной из ведущих причин высокой материнской и перинатальной заболеваемости и смертности. В статье представлен обзор литературы, посвященной комбинированному пренатальному скринингу преэклампсии

"Лечение" беременности: в плену опасных заблуждений

Availability of pharmaceuticals in this country has caused not only a self-patients, but the “treatment” of pregnancy. The effectiveness of some medications commonly prescribed in pregnancy has not been proved, and the number of drugs taken by pregnant sometimes exceeds all reasonable limits. The only possibility that avoids undesirable effects of medicines during pregnancy is to minimize their number by an informed, responsible and impartial approach to the appointment of each drug.Доступность фармацевтических средств в нашей стране повлекла за собой не только самолечение больных, но «лечение» беременности. Эффективность некоторых препаратов, часто назначаемых при беременности, не доказана, а число принимаемых беременной лекарственных средств порой превышает все разумные пределы. Единственной возможностью, позволяющей избежать нежелательного воздействия медикаментов во время беременности, является минимизация их количества путем информированного, ответственного и беспристрастного подхода к назначению каждого препарата

Methods of Using Cases from the Life of Outstanding Mathematicians in the Training of Future Teacher

An appeal to the personalistic component of the history of mathematics, stories about scientists who have contributed to its development, contribute to the implementation of the educational aspect in the teaching of mathematics. A question arises: how can a mathematics teacher shape the moral qualities of a child, including patriotic and international feelings; what pedagogical means he can use at the same time; how to prepare a teacher for this type of activity at a university. Based on the purpose of the study, the case study method was chosen as the main tool, which allowed us to carefully study the data (biographical materials) in a certain context (in terms of their educational potential). Biographies of outstanding mathematicians were analyzed and cases related to the manifestation of their qualities in various life situations were identified. The publications and experience of teachers were considered in terms of the possibility of including this material in the process of teaching mathematics. The empirical experience of implementing the process of training a teacher-educator in the framework of teaching methodological and mathematical disciplines and organizing extracurricular activities of a professional orientation was generalized. As a result, the main directions of work on the implementation of educational activities through the appeal to the patterns of behavior of the creators of mathematics were identified: the creation of biographical essays and the preparation of presentations that reveal personal experience and career trajectory; the inclusion in the discussion of the actions and facts from the life of outstanding mathematicians; the inclusion in the discussion of actions and facts from the life of these wonderful people; preparation of brief historical notes on the discoveries of Russian mathematicians of different historical periods and other near-mathematical events; making presentations, wall newspapers (traditional or interactive) or video clips, organizing mathematical holidays, etc. The practical significance of the materials of this article lies in the fact that the developed system of work, including getting to know the cases from the life of scientists in the framework of training sessions, setting practice-oriented tasks for organizing independent work of students and organizing extracurricular educational activities in the form of group projects, contributes to the formation of the future teacher's readiness to use the educational potential of cases from the life of scientists in educational work

Performance of Waterborne Polyurethanes in Inhibition of Gas Hydrate Formation and Corrosion: Influence of Hydrophobic Fragments

The design of new dual-function inhibitors simultaneously preventing hydrate formation and corrosion is a relevant issue for the oil and gas industry. The structure-property relationship for a promising class of hybrid inhibitors based on waterborne polyurethanes (WPU) was studied in this work. Variation of diethanolamines differing in the size and branching of N-substituents (methyl, n-butyl, and tert-butyl), as well as the amount of these groups, allowed the structure of polymer molecules to be preset during their synthesis. To assess the hydrate and corrosion inhibition efficiency of developed reagents pressurized rocking cells, electrochemistry and weight-loss techniques were used. A distinct effect of these variables altering the hydrophobicity of obtained compounds on their target properties was revealed. Polymers with increased content of diethanolamine fragments with n- or tert-butyl as N-substituent (WPU-6 and WPU-7, respectively) worked as dual-function inhibitors, showing nearly the same efficiency as commercial ones at low concentration (0.25 wt%), with the branched one (tert-butyl; WPU-7) turning out to be more effective as a corrosion inhibitor. Commercial kinetic hydrate inhibitor Luvicap 55 W and corrosion inhibitor Armohib CI-28 were taken as reference samples. Preliminary study reveals that WPU-6 and WPU-7 polyurethanes as well as Luvicap 55 W are all poorly biodegradable compounds; BODt/CODcr (ratio of Biochemical oxygen demand and Chemical oxygen demand) value is 0.234 and 0.294 for WPU-6 and WPU-7, respectively, compared to 0.251 for commercial kinetic hydrate inhibitor Luvicap 55 W. Since the obtained polyurethanes have a bifunctional effect and operate at low enough concentrations, their employment is expected to reduce both operating costs and environmental impact