Analysis and Evaluation of The Main Ecoclimatic Conditions From Romania's Vineyards

Vines act as indicators in relation ecoclimatic changes and they are particularly sensitive to temperature changes. Temperature is a limiting factor and define the distribution area for all plants. The main objective of this paper is to present the climatic conditions such as temperature, insolation, rainfall and cloudiness of Romanian main vineyards (Dealu Bujorului, Murfatlar, Târnave, IaÈ™i, ștefăneÈ™ti-ArgeÈ™i). The thermal balance with the highest values was recorded in Murfatlar vineyard having a value of 5288 (Σtg), the active thermal balance (Σta) 4815, and the useful thermal balance (Σtu) 2514. Insolation and precipitations are in normal parameters for viticulture. The highest values of the real heliothermic index (IHr), hydrothermal coefficient (CH) and wine bioclimatic index (Ibcv) were recorded in Murfatlar vineyard (IHr=4.1; CH=0.8 and Ibcv=11.4). The result show that the ecoclimatic conditions from the studied vineyards are favorable, that makes possible the production of both red and white wines of high quality in these areas

Studies on Biodiversity Diagnosis of Vineyard Farms at the Agro-Ecological Infrastructure Level

In Romania, the vine farms are currently spread on approximately 180.000 ha, therefore an important part of biodiversity, functional or planned is present. To avoid a biodiversity decline it is necessary for the vineyards to have a clear evidence of the state of their biodiversity.Based on the results obtained from the studied vineyards, during 2015, the agro-ecological infrastructure or AEI percent based on the actual area occupied varies between 7% and 35%. Evaluation of the implementation AEI during 2015 in wine-growing farms in Romania showed that the amount of semi-natural elements is not sufficient to stop the loss of biodiversity and their quality needs to be favored also

Regimul hidric al solurilor în plantaţiile viticole din centrul viticol Copou Iaşi, din perioada 2016 – 2020

The multiannual average of the precipitations, for the Copou Iaşi viticultural center, is of 579.6 mm (value calculated for the period 1981 - 2010), out of which in the vegetation period (April-September) of 398.1 mm. From the analysis of the data registered at SCDVV Iasi, in the last decades, it is found an increased frequency of the dry years. Decreasing rainfall and high temperatures have led to a sharp decline in soil moisture levels, well below the optimal values for vines (50-80%) and increasing deficits. In the paper are presented: the distribution of precipitation from 2016 to 2020, compared to the multiannual average, accessible humidity and water deficit in the soil

Climate changes in recent decades, the evolution of the drought phenomenon and the impact on vineyards in North-eastern Romania

Unfavourable trends have been identified in the evolution of climate factors (temperatures, precipitation, etc.) over the past years, with a direct impact on the vegetative and productive potential of the vine. This calls for a reassessment of climate resources and the adaptation of cultivation technologies to the new conditions. Our paper analyses the climate data recorded between 1991 and 2020 for the Iaşi vineyard ecosystem, which allowed for the calculation of a series of bioclimatic indices and coefficients, deviations from the multiannual average values, soil moisture dynamics, and their influence on development of vegetation phenophases and grape production. The increasing tendency of the average annual temperature and the decreasing amounts of precipitation registered point to a marked warming of the vineyard climate, especially after 2000. The high values of temperatures, corroborated with the soil water deficit, determined an intensification of the atmospheric and pedological drought, a shift in vegetation phenophases, shortened development periods and a forced ripening of grapes, with a negative impact on yields, which fluctuated from one year to another. The analysis of the ecoclimate conditions over the past 30 years has highlighted an alternation of periods, a colder and wetter one between 1991 and 2006, and a warmer and dried one between 2007 and 2020