Dynamics of clinical symptoms of damage to the shin of newborn Ukraini-an red dairy breed under industrial exploitation conditions

The analysis of the data of the 5-year monitoring of the visual (in points) examination of the firstborns (n = 1113) of the newly created Ukrainian red milk (URD) breed for the assessment of the clinical condition of the lateral surface of the lower leg under the conditions of unharnessed keeping on rubber mats is presented. An increase in the number of cows with damage to the epithelium of the leg skin (“gateway of infection”) along the chronological axis (2018–22), namely: from 33.88 ± 3.97 % to 55.95 ± 5.94 % (P < 0.01). Pronounced inflammatory phenomena (purulent-necrotic) in the area of the tibial joint increased by 15.05 % (P < 0.01), and symptoms of severe damage to all tissues of the tibial area with signs of lameness increased from 0.96 ± 0.96 % to 4.11 ± 0.95 % (P < 0.05). The dynamics of the increase in the symptom complex of shin pathologies in firstborns showed a positive correlative relationship with the growth of milk productivity (in 2018, the average milk yield for 305 days of lactation was 6999.13 kg, and in 2020 – 8947.25 kg). Still, the trend of increasing clinical damage to firstborns' shins remained even after the drop in productivity in 2021 to 7995.00 kilograms of milk. The analysis of the results of the study showed a tendency to decrease the adaptive properties of young cows of the URD breed, which probably can be connected with a high degree of Holsteinization of the population of the newly created breed, during which the negative microevolutionary consequences of the rapid transformation of the genotype were manifested, which require further research

The star formation structure and H2O supermaser radiation in Orion KL

The extra fine structure of the active region of H2O supermaser emission of Orion KL ( angular resolution is 0.1 mas) is studied. A central body / accretion disk / bipolar outflow / bullets / envelope is discovered, that corresponds to the earliest stage of the small-mass star formation. The ejector - a compact bright source less than or equal to 0.05 AU, T-b approximate to 10(17)K. The bipolar outflow, v(ej) approximate to 10 km/s is a highly-collimated stream with a ration length/diameter similar to 60, rotation period is similar to 0.5 yr, precession period similar to 10 yrs, precession angle similar to 33degrees. Precession forms a conical helix jet. The envelope amplified radio emission by about three orders of magnitude at velocity at v=7.65 km/s

The star-forming region in Orion KL

We have studied the fine structure of the active H2O supermaser emission region in Orion KL with an angular resolution of 0.1 mas. We found central features suggestive of a bipolar outflow, bullets, and an envelope which correspond to the earliest stage of low-mass star formation. The ejector is a bright compact source less than or equal to 0.05 AU in size with a brightness temperature T-b congruent to 1017 K. The highly collimated bipolar outflow similar to30 has a velocity v(ej) congruent to 10 km s(-1), a rotation period of similar to0.5 yr, a precession period of similar to10 yr, and a precession angle of similar to33degrees. Precession gives rise to a jet in the shape of a conical helix. The envelope amplifies the radio emission from the components by about three orders of magnitude at a velocity upsilon = 7.65 km s(-1). (C) 2003 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica"