Executive remuneration consultancy in the UK: exploring a professional project through the lens of institutional work

This article responds to recent calls to examine the development of professionalism through the lens of institutional theory. We investigate the development of the new professional service of executive remuneration consultancy (ERC) in the UK through the lens of institutional work. Specifically, drawing upon Lawrence and Suddaby (2006) and Suddaby and Viale (2011), we explore the relationship between macro-scale occupational/organizational and micro-scale individual-level dynamics of the ERC professional project and situate its development in relation to the broader field of executive remuneration practices. We show that the institutional work of creating the new professional project is contested and that the ERC development may be better understood as part of broader efforts to create and maintain the institution of executive pay-setting practices. We argue that the institutional work lens has the potential to produce a more nuanced understanding of the internal dynamics of the ERC professionalization process and its role in reconfiguring broader institutional arrangements. By exploring the analytical purchase of the concept of institutional work, the article contributes to the emerging body of empirical evidence outlining the potential of (neo-) institutional approaches to offer a more productive understanding of contemporary professionalis

Effect of different concentrations of carbon source, salinity and gelling agent on in vitro growth of fig (Ficus carica L.)

Three in vitro experiments were conducted to study the effect of different concentrations of carbon source, salinity and gelling agent on number of new shoots, shoot length, fresh weight, and dry weight of fig (Ficus carica L.) to develop an efficient in vitro propagation method. The results show that there were no significant differences between the three carbon sources regarding number of newly formed shoots and their shoot lengths. However, there were some differences regarding fresh and dry weights. On the other hand, increased salinity concentrations reduced the number of the newly formed shoots, as well as, their shoot lengths. In addition, liquid media produced more shoots compared with the three solidifying agents used. However, there were significant differences among the concentrations of solidifying agents used.Keywords: Carbon source, salinity, gelling agent, fig (Ficus carica L.).African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(9), pp. 936-940

Design of Ultra Wide-band Single Balanced Schottky Diode Mixer

In this paper, an ultra wide-band single balanced diode mixer based on multi-section coupled line balun is presented. It is important in applications such as microwave imaging, military and civilian radars, wireless communication and microwave instrumentation. The proposed mixer is simulated in ADS software with Local Oscillator (LO) power level ranges from 3 to 17 dBm, a fixed Radio Frequency (RF) power level of -10 dBm and an Intermediate Frequency (IF) input frequency of 100 MHz. The simulated results showed that the conversion loss is greater than -15 dB for RF frequency from 3 to 10 GHz

An Assistive Multimedia Courseware for Dyslexics

One of the most promising areas of education is the development of computer-based teaching materials, especially interactive multimedia programs. Interactive multimedia allows independent and interactive learning, and yet presents the learning information to the learners in newly engaging and meaningful ways. This paper delivers the theoretical concepts and design of a multimedia courseware called ‘MyLexic’. ‘MyLexic’ is the first learning tool to nurture interest on Malay language basic reading among preschool dyslexic children in Malaysia. The theoretical framework proposed in the study is based on research in dyslexia theory with Dual Coding Theory, Structured Multi-sensory Phonic Teaching and Scaffolding instructional technique. Detail explanations on its learning content are also discussed. The courseware is hoped to contribute a significant idea to the development of technology in Malay language education for dyslexics in Malaysia

Review on fixed-frequency beam steering for leaky wave antenna

This paper aims to survey the efforts of researchers in response to the novel and effective technology of control radiation pattern at a fixed frequency for leaky wave antenna (LWA), map the research landscape from the literature onto coherent taxonomy and determine the basic properties of this potential field. In addition, this paper investigates the motivation behind using beam steering in LWA and the open challenges that impede the utility of this antenna design. This paper offers valuable recommendations to improve beam steering in LWA. The review revealed the development and improvement of several techniques of beam scanning LWA. However, several areas or aspects require further attention. All the articles, regardless of their research focus, attempt to address the challenges that impede the full utility of beam scanning and offer recommendations to mitigate their drawbacks. This paper contributes to this area of research by providing a detailed review of the available options and problems to allow other researchers and participants to further develop beam scanning. The new directions for this research are also described

Radiation beam scanning for leaky wave antenna by using slots

This paper provides an insight of a new, microstrip leaky wave antenna. It holds the ability to continue steer its beam at a swapping frequency. This is done with acceptable impedance matching while scanning and very little gain variation. Investigation is carried out on LWAs’ control radiation pattern in steps at a band frequency via vertical and horizontal slots. The enhancement is realized by etching horizontal and vertical slots on the radiation element. This study also presents a novel half-width microstrip leaky wave antenna (LWA). The antenna is made up of the following basic structures group’s vertical and horizontal slots. The reactance profile at the microstrip’s free edge and thus the main beam direction is changed once the control-cell states are changed. The radiation pattern direction changes by sweeping the operating frequency between 4 GHz to 6 GHz.The main beam may be directed by the antenna between 15o and 55o. C band achieved the measured peak gain of the antenna of 10 dBi at 4.3 GHz beam scanning range

Characterization of Microstrip Patch Array Antenna at 28 GHz

A Microstrip patch array antenna is presented and resonates at 28 GHz. It is a well-known antenna because of its easiness to manufacture with a high gain, easy on the pocketbook, as well as it has a simple structure. The substrate is based on the Rogers Duroid RT5880 with dielectric constant r 2.2 and the height of copper Hc 0.254 mm. In fact, the Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio 2015 software has been used as a technique for simulating in this project. The design of the 28GHz antenna is done according to the specification of ETSI. By selecting optimum parameters of proposed, the measured return loss of proposed antenna during design frequency (28 GHz) is -52.522 dB at 28.08GHz. In addition, the value gained is high, which is 21.1 dBi and the achieved bandwidth is 1120 MHz. Hence, the target of the antenna is for the KA-Band communication which can work on 5G communication