4 research outputs found
Pathological changes of bone tissue and kidneys when implanted bone cement in experiment
Objective: to study the dynamics of morphological changes in the kidney and bone tissue after implantation of bone cement into the femoral bone experimentally. Material and methods. 90 male rats Wistar were divided into 3 groups. In group 1 (control) was carried out only cortical perforation of the diaphysis. The animals in group 2 is similar to the defect created cortical diaphysis of intraosseous bone cement was injected at a dose of 0.1 ml. Animals of group 3 were intact. Results. Methylmethacrylate monomer causes toxic damage bone and vascular endothelial maximally expressed at day 1-7, which promotes thrombus formation slows bone regeneration processes thigh tissue prolong the inflammatory response, thus providing the basis for a general toxic effect of methyl methacrylate and thrombotic complications. Toxic kidney damage with the introduction of bone cement, the most pronounced in the 1 st - 7 th day day of the experiment, caused primarily by necrosis and apoptosis of endothelial cells of the glomeruli with the development of thrombosis of capillaries, epithelial cells of the proximal tubule, and the subsequent observation period - increase of the severity of interstitial inflammation.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π² Π±Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. 90 ΠΊΡΡΡ-ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ² Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΈΡΡΠ°Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π° 3 Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ. Π 1-ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ (ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ) Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ 2-ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π² Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π° Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 0,1 ΠΌΠ». ΠΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ 3-ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° 1-7 ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π΄ΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π³ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π’ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π° 1-Π΅ - 7 ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π², Π° Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ - Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Electrostatic Spray Modification in Gas Turbine Combustion
The feasibility of using electrostatic fields as a practical means of altering existing gas-turbine-injector spray
characteristics has been investigated. Results indicate that with electrical potentials typical of spark plug
voltages, a significant modification of spray characteristics in terms of average droplet size reduction and increased
spray cone angles can be produced. This suggests a means of expanding the utility of present combustors
either by broadening the operating range for optimum performance with the design or by permitting more attractive
combustion of nondesign fuels. A simple retrofit during engine overhaul would allow present combustors
to operate with or without electrostatic spray modification.The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of this work by its sponsor, the Naval Air Systems Command