38 research outputs found
[Freie hauttransplantate und ihre anwendung im bereiche des gesichts und Mundes]
U Älanku je dat pregled slobodnih kožnih tranplantata, s historijatom i indikacijama za primjenu u podruÄju lica i usta. Ukratko su date moguÄnosti, koje nam pružaju pojedini transplantati i najuobiÄajenije greÅ”ke i posljedice. Isto tako se govori o sudbini transplantiranog kalema i njegovu ponaÅ”anju na novoj podlozi, kao i o moguÄnosti konzervacije kalema za kasniju upotrebu.The paper deals with the free skin grafts, with a historical survey and indications for use in the facial and mouth area. The possibilities of different skin grafts are discussed, and the most common errors and their consequences. Also, the fate of an implanted skin graft and its behaviour on the new base, as well as the conservation of grafts for a later use.Der Autor gibt eine Ćbersicht Ć¼ber die freien Hauttransplantate, mit Historiat und Indikation fĆ¼r die Anwendung im Gesichts- und Mundbereich. Die Anwendugsmƶglichkeiten der einzelnen Transplantate, ihre Fehlerquellen und FolgezustƤnde, werden kurz beschrieben. Das Schicksal des transplantierten Pelzlings, sein Verhalten auf neuer Grundlage und die Mƶglichkeiten seiner Konservierung, werden angefĆ¼hrt
Application of Hyperbaric Oxygenation in Oral Surgery
HiperbariÄna oksigenacija (HBO) kao metoda lijeÄenja ima svoju primjenu i u oralnoj kirurgiji. Udisanjem Äistoga kisika pod poveÄanim tlakom u tkivima nastaje viÅ”estruko poveÄana koliÄina kisika. Na taj se naÄin uklanja hipoksija koja se u mnogim patoloÅ”kim stanjima redovito javlja kao uzrok ili posljedica. Äitav niz fizioloÅ”kih mehanizama se normalizira i poboljÅ”ava. PoboljÅ”ava se perfuzija tkiva i mikrocirkulacija zbog reodinamskoga djelovanja i neoangiogeneze. PoboljÅ”ava se metaboliÄka aktivnost na subcelularnoj razini. HBO regulira lokalni i opÄi imunitet. Djeluje antibakterijski, pogotovo na anaerobe, Å”to je jako važno u oralnoj infekciji. Osim toga djeluje sinergistiÄki s antibioticima i u sluÄajevima infekcija s rezistentnim mikroorganizmima.
U oralnoj kirurgiji HBO se može primijeniti u lijeÄenju akutnih i kroniÄnih upala mekih tkiva i Äeljusti te kod tumorskih pacijenata koji su zraÄeni. Važna je u preventivi prije razliÄitih zahvata i kod imunokompromitiranih kroniÄnih pacijenta (dijabetes, jetra, bubrezi i dr.). Osobito je to važno prije zahvata na kostima (ekstrakcija, rekonstrukcija defekta, implantati i sl.).
Kako su kontraindikacije malobrojne, nuspojave praktiÄno zanemarive, a korist u zdravstvenom i financijskom pogledu (cost benefit) neusporedivo veÄa, to se može reÄi da je HBO terapija vrlo važno, moÄno i suvremeno sredstvo lijeÄenja, koje od nedavno imamo u Zagrebu u KB āDubravaā.As a method of treatment hyperbaric oxygenation also has its application in oral surgery. Inhalation of pure oxygen under increased pressure leads to multiply increased amount of oxygen in the tissues. In this way hypoxy is removed which regularly occurs in numerous pathological conditions as the cause or consequence. A whole series of physiological mechanisms are normalised and improved. Perfusion of tissue and microcirculation are improved because of the reodynamic effect and neoangiogenesis. Metabolic activity is improved to subcelular level. HBO regulates local and general immunity. It acts antibacterially, particularly to anaerobes, which is of great importance in the case of oral infection. Furthermore, it also acts synergistically with antibiotics in cases of infection with resistant micro-organisms.
HBO can be applied in oral surgery in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammations of soft tissues and jaws, and also in the case of irradiated patients with tumours. It is important as a preventive prior to various operations and in the case of immunocompromised, chronic patients (diabetes, liver, kidneys etc.). It is particularly important prior to operations on bones (extraction, reconstruction of defects, implants etc.).
As contraindications are few, side-effects practically negligible, and usefulness with regard to health and cost benefit incomparably greater, it can be concluded that HBO therapy is a very important, powerful and modern means of treatment, which has recently become available in the University Hospital āDubravaā
Surgical treatment of parotid gland giant salivary stone
Veliki sijaloliti (> 15mm) su rijetki. U radu je prikazan sluÄaj 54-godiÅ”njeg muÅ”karca s velikim sijalolitom Stensenovog kanala koji je uspjeÅ”no kirurÅ”ki odstranjen. Pacijent se javio nadležnom lijeÄniku
obiteljske medicine zbog bolova i otekline lijeve strane lica, a onaj ga je uputio specijalisti, te je kliniÄkim pregledom postavljena sumnja da se radi o izraženom sijaloadenitisu lijeve parotidne žlijezde uzrokovanim velikim sijalolitom u lijevom Stensenovom kanalu. UÄini se CT glave na kojem se uoÄi kalcifikat dimenzija
26 x 19 x 10 mm smjeÅ”ten u lijevom Stensenovom kanalu, proÅ”irenje kanala, kao i opsežna kolekcija gnoja proksimalno od mjesta opstrukcije. Nakon prijema u Kliniku pristupilo se operativnom zahvatu, tijekom kojega se ekstirpiraju dva sijalolita (veliÄine 20 x 18 x 12 mm i 10 x 8 x 7 mm), te je uÄinjena
marsupijalizacija dijela Stensenovog kanala proksimalno od uÅ”Äa. Postavljena je laÅ”vica. Nakon urednog poslijeoperacijskoga tijeka, bolesnik se otpuÅ”ta na kuÄnu njegu. Slijede ambulantni kontrolni pregledi, te je pacijent godinu dana nakon kirurÅ”kog odstranjenja kamenca bez simptoma.Giant salivary gland stones (> 15mm) are considered rare. We report a case of a 54-year-old patient with giant salivary gland stone in the parotid duct that was successfully surgically removed. The patient came to the general practitioner because he suffered pain and excessive swelling of the left side of the face. The general practitioner referred the patient to the maxillofacial surgeon. Clinical examination in outpatient clinic suggested that the giant salivary gland stone in Stensen`s duct was the cause of the swelling of the left
side of his face and parotid gland sialoadenitis. Computerized axial tomography scan of the head revealed a giant calculus (26 x 19 x 10 mm) in the left parotid duct, dilatation as well as copious pus in the proximal part of the duct and parotid gland. The patient was admitted to the hospital and surgical procedure was performed during which 2 salivary gland stones (20 x 18 x 12 mm and 10 x 8 x 7 mm) were removed and marsupialization of the parotid duct was performed. Postoperative recovery was good and the patient was
discharged from the hospital. After several follow ups in outpatient clinic, the patient was free of symptoms one year after the surgical procedure
Sudbina zuba u prijelomnoj pukotini donje Äeljusti
The mandibular fracture line with involved teeth, because of the presence of periodontal ligament, is always in communication with the oral cavity and therefore may allow the spread of infection. Moreover, such a tooth may lose blood supply due to damage of apical blood vessels and in the case of pulp necrosis the tooth is a source of infection. Methods of sensitivity testing of teeth are based on pain and it is difficult to distinguish the pulp vitality (a function of vascularisation) and the pulp sensitivity (a function of innervation). If the injury causes an interruption of the pulp vascularisation it will lead to the death of pulp tissue including the nerve, and if only the injury of the nerve occurs, the vitality of the pulp is not endangered. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the sensitivity of teeth involved in jaw fracture line as well as to determine the number of denervated teeth and the time period in which reinnervation or revitalisation will occur. 50 patients with mandibular fractures were prospectively analyzed, 39 out of 50 patients had a tooth involved in the fracture line. There were 63 fractures in 39 patients, with 84 teeth involved in fracture line; 48 out of 84 teeth involved in the mandibular fracture line were initially seemingly avital and their reinnervation was followed up. Six weeks after the injury 31% of teeth involved in the jaw fracture were reinnervated, and a year after the injury 81% of teeth were reinnervated. No reinnervation occurred later than one year following injury. One year after the injury 84% of incisors, 75% of canines, 83% of premolars, and 80% of molars were reinnervated. During the second and the third year after the injury no reinnervation occurred but the devitalisation of initially denervated teeth is possible. The pulp is vitally stable one year after injury. Denervated teeth should not be considered as avital and should not be treated if neither clinical nor radiological signs of devitalisation are present. If sensitivity testing is the only criterion for tooth treatment and/or extraction, i.e., if we do not take into consideration the clinical and radiological criteria of devitalisation, 95% of false avital, i.e. only denervated teeth would be considered devitalised and unnecessary treated or extracted.Prijelomna pukotina u kojoj je zub komunicira preko parodontne pukotine s usnom Å”upljinom, Å”to predstavlja ulazna vrata infekciji. Osim toga, takav zub može izgubiti opskrbu krvlju zbog oÅ”teÄenja apeksnih žila pa u sluÄaju nekroze pulpe postaje izvor infekcije. Metode ispitivanja āvitalitetaā zuba osnivaju se na boli tako da dolazi do nerazlikovanja vitaliteta koji je funkcija vaskularizacije pulpe i senzibiliteta koji je funkcija inervacije. Ako ozljeda uzrokuje prekid vaskularizacije pulpe doÄi Äe do smrti pulpnog tkiva ukljuÄujuÄi i živac, a ako doÄe samo do ozljede i ispada funkcije živca, vitalitet pulpe nije ugrožen. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati promjene āvitalitetaā, tj. senzibiliteta zuba u prijelomnoj pukotini donje Äeljusti i utvrditi u kojem broju i u kojem vremenskom razdoblju Äe doÄi do normalizacije senzibiliteta zuba ili do devitalizacije. Prospektivnom analizom obraÄeno je 50 bolesnika s prijelomom donje Äeljusti. Zub u prijelomnoj pukotini imalo je 39/50 bolesnika. Analizirano je 39 bolesnika s ukupno 63 prijeloma i 84 zuba u prijelomnoj pukotini, od Äega je 48 bilo inicijalno āavitalnoā. Mjesec i pol nakon ozljede reinervirano je 31%, a godinu dana nakon ozljede 81% inicijalno āavitalnihā zuba u prijelomnoj pukotini. Godinu dana nakon ozljede reinervirano je 84% sjekutiÄa, 75% oÄnjaka, 83% pretkutnjaka i 80% kutnjaka. Tijekom druge i treÄe godine ne dolazi do reinervacije, ali moguÄa je devitalizacija denerviranih zuba. Pulpa zuba je vitalno stabilna godinu dana poslije ozljede. Denervirani zub ne treba smatrati devitaliziranim i ne treba ga lijeÄiti i/ili ekstrahirati ako nema kliniÄkih ili radioloÅ”kih znakova devitalizacije. Kad bi ispitivanje senzibiliteta bilo jedini kriterij za ekstrakciju, tj. kad ne bismo uvažavali kliniÄke i radioloÅ”ke kriterije devitalizacije, 95% lažno avitalnih, tj. samo denerviranih zubi proglasili bismo devitaliziranima i nepotrebno ih lijeÄili ili ekstrahirali
IDENTIFIKACIJA RIZIKA OD RESPIRACIJSKIH KOMPLIKACIJA KOD PRETILIH ORALNOKIRURÅ KIH BOLESNIKA
Obesity, defi ned as body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 39.9 kg/m2, and morbid obesity, with BMI of more than 40 kg/m2 is a multisystem, chronic, proinfl ammatory disorder with a worldwide increasing prevalence called āglobesityā. There is a known signifi cant increase in perioperative complications in obese patients. Oral surgeries under general endotracheal anesthesia pose special challenge in obese patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk of postoperative
pulmonary complications (PPC), preoperative dyspnea score and their correlation with body mass index (BMI) among obese patients scheduled for oral surgical procedures under general anesthesia. Following permission by the Ethics Committee and signed written informed consent, 75 obese patients (age 30-65 and ASA status II-III) were involved. The PPC risk was determined by ARISCAT score and dyspnea by modifi ed Borg score. The mean BMI was 35.6 (SD 5.6),
with no gender difference. Patients had the abdominal obesity type with the mean waist-to-hip (W/H) ratio greater than 1.1 (female 0.99Ā±0.19 and male 1.11Ā±0.18). The mean neck circumference was 54.2 (SD 6.9) cm, signifi cantly higher in males (p=0.003). There was signifi cant positive correlation of ARISCAT score (r=0.57; p=0.001) and preoperative degree of dyspnea (r=0.51; p=0.001) with BMI, and of neck circumference with W/H ratio (r=0.37; p=0.01). The results showed positive correlation between the PPC risk determined and preoperative dyspnea level (r=0.34; p=0.002). Identifi cation of respiratory risk parameters in obese patients and their interdependence proved to be of clinical interest. Preoperative assessment of PPC risk and dyspnea level at rest should be part of the standard preoperative protocol for oral surgical procedures, especially in one-day surgery.Poznato je da pretili bolesnici imaju poviÅ”eni rizik perioperacijskih komplikacija. KirurÅ”ki zahvati u podruÄju usne Å”upljine u pretilih bolesnika mogu dodatno poveÄati rizik poslijeoperacijskih respiracijskih komplikacija. Cilj: Pretilim oralnokirurÅ”kim bolesnicima procijeniti rizik poslijeoperacijskih pluÄnih komplikacija (PPK), prijeoperacijski stupanj dispneje, te utvrditi razinu povezanosti s indeksom tjelesne težine (ITT). Ispitanici i metode: Nakon odobrenja EtiÄkog povjerenstva KliniÄke bolnice Dubrava te EtiÄkog povjerenstva StomatoloÅ”kog fakulteta SveuÄiliÅ”ta u Zagrebu 75 pretilih bolesnika predviÄenih za oralnokirurÅ”ki zahvat u opÄoj anesteziji sudjelovalo je u prospektivnom istraživanju. Rizik poslijeoperacijskih pluÄnih komplikacija odreÄivao se bodovnom tablicom ARISCAT, stupanj dispneje modifi ciranom Borgovom ljestvicom. Kriteriji za ukljuÄivanje bolesnika u studiju bili su: indeks tjelesne mase ā„30 kg/m2; kirurÅ”ki zahvat u podruÄju usne Å”upljine u opÄoj endotrahealnoj anesteziji ā cistektomije, alveotomije, osteosinteze mandibule i maksile nakon trauma Äeljusti, operacije
retiniranih i impaktiranih zubi, ortodontsko kirurÅ”ka terapija deformiteta Äeljusti, operacije benignih tumora; ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) klasifi kacija bolesnika II-III ; trajanje opÄe endotrahealne anestezije do dva sata. Rezultati: ZnaÄajna pozitivna povezanost parametara povezanih s pretiloÅ”Äu naÄena je izmeÄu opsega vrata i omjera struka i bokova (r=0,37, p=0,01); skora za procjenu poslijeoperacijskih pluÄnih komplikacija Ariscat i ITT ( r= 0,57, p=0,001) te prijeoperacijske ljestvice dispneje i ITT (r= 0,51, p=0,001). StatistiÄki je u bolesnika bila znaÄajna negativna povezanost skora za procjenu poslijeoperacijskih pluÄnih komplikacija Ariscat i prijeoperacijske saturacije krvi kisikom (r= -0,43, p= 0,001), a s druge
strane skor Ariskat je jako dobro pozitivno korelirao s prijeoperacijskim stupnjem dispneje (r=0,35, p=0,02). ZakljuÄak: Pretili oralnokirurÅ”ki bolesnici u opÄoj anesteziji nisu rijetkost. Pretilim bolesnicima potrebno je prijeoperacijsko procjenjivanje rizika PPK i prijeoperacijskog stupnja dispneje, buduÄi da su rezultati pokazali njihovu meÄuovisnost. Identifi ciranje anestezioloÅ”kog rizika važan je parametar prijeoperacijskog protokola oralnokirurÅ”kih zahvata posebice u jednodnevnoj kirurgiji, buduÄi da incidencija pretilih bolesnika raste, a zahtjevi za sedacijom tijekom oralnokirurÅ”kih zahvata se proÅ”iruju
IDENTIFIKACIJA RIZIKA OD RESPIRACIJSKIH KOMPLIKACIJA KOD PRETILIH ORALNOKIRURÅ KIH BOLESNIKA
Obesity, defi ned as body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 39.9 kg/m2, and morbid obesity, with BMI of more than 40 kg/m2 is a multisystem, chronic, proinfl ammatory disorder with a worldwide increasing prevalence called āglobesityā. There is a known signifi cant increase in perioperative complications in obese patients. Oral surgeries under general endotracheal anesthesia pose special challenge in obese patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk of postoperative
pulmonary complications (PPC), preoperative dyspnea score and their correlation with body mass index (BMI) among obese patients scheduled for oral surgical procedures under general anesthesia. Following permission by the Ethics Committee and signed written informed consent, 75 obese patients (age 30-65 and ASA status II-III) were involved. The PPC risk was determined by ARISCAT score and dyspnea by modifi ed Borg score. The mean BMI was 35.6 (SD 5.6),
with no gender difference. Patients had the abdominal obesity type with the mean waist-to-hip (W/H) ratio greater than 1.1 (female 0.99Ā±0.19 and male 1.11Ā±0.18). The mean neck circumference was 54.2 (SD 6.9) cm, signifi cantly higher in males (p=0.003). There was signifi cant positive correlation of ARISCAT score (r=0.57; p=0.001) and preoperative degree of dyspnea (r=0.51; p=0.001) with BMI, and of neck circumference with W/H ratio (r=0.37; p=0.01). The results showed positive correlation between the PPC risk determined and preoperative dyspnea level (r=0.34; p=0.002). Identifi cation of respiratory risk parameters in obese patients and their interdependence proved to be of clinical interest. Preoperative assessment of PPC risk and dyspnea level at rest should be part of the standard preoperative protocol for oral surgical procedures, especially in one-day surgery.Poznato je da pretili bolesnici imaju poviÅ”eni rizik perioperacijskih komplikacija. KirurÅ”ki zahvati u podruÄju usne Å”upljine u pretilih bolesnika mogu dodatno poveÄati rizik poslijeoperacijskih respiracijskih komplikacija. Cilj: Pretilim oralnokirurÅ”kim bolesnicima procijeniti rizik poslijeoperacijskih pluÄnih komplikacija (PPK), prijeoperacijski stupanj dispneje, te utvrditi razinu povezanosti s indeksom tjelesne težine (ITT). Ispitanici i metode: Nakon odobrenja EtiÄkog povjerenstva KliniÄke bolnice Dubrava te EtiÄkog povjerenstva StomatoloÅ”kog fakulteta SveuÄiliÅ”ta u Zagrebu 75 pretilih bolesnika predviÄenih za oralnokirurÅ”ki zahvat u opÄoj anesteziji sudjelovalo je u prospektivnom istraživanju. Rizik poslijeoperacijskih pluÄnih komplikacija odreÄivao se bodovnom tablicom ARISCAT, stupanj dispneje modifi ciranom Borgovom ljestvicom. Kriteriji za ukljuÄivanje bolesnika u studiju bili su: indeks tjelesne mase ā„30 kg/m2; kirurÅ”ki zahvat u podruÄju usne Å”upljine u opÄoj endotrahealnoj anesteziji ā cistektomije, alveotomije, osteosinteze mandibule i maksile nakon trauma Äeljusti, operacije
retiniranih i impaktiranih zubi, ortodontsko kirurÅ”ka terapija deformiteta Äeljusti, operacije benignih tumora; ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) klasifi kacija bolesnika II-III ; trajanje opÄe endotrahealne anestezije do dva sata. Rezultati: ZnaÄajna pozitivna povezanost parametara povezanih s pretiloÅ”Äu naÄena je izmeÄu opsega vrata i omjera struka i bokova (r=0,37, p=0,01); skora za procjenu poslijeoperacijskih pluÄnih komplikacija Ariscat i ITT ( r= 0,57, p=0,001) te prijeoperacijske ljestvice dispneje i ITT (r= 0,51, p=0,001). StatistiÄki je u bolesnika bila znaÄajna negativna povezanost skora za procjenu poslijeoperacijskih pluÄnih komplikacija Ariscat i prijeoperacijske saturacije krvi kisikom (r= -0,43, p= 0,001), a s druge
strane skor Ariskat je jako dobro pozitivno korelirao s prijeoperacijskim stupnjem dispneje (r=0,35, p=0,02). ZakljuÄak: Pretili oralnokirurÅ”ki bolesnici u opÄoj anesteziji nisu rijetkost. Pretilim bolesnicima potrebno je prijeoperacijsko procjenjivanje rizika PPK i prijeoperacijskog stupnja dispneje, buduÄi da su rezultati pokazali njihovu meÄuovisnost. Identifi ciranje anestezioloÅ”kog rizika važan je parametar prijeoperacijskog protokola oralnokirurÅ”kih zahvata posebice u jednodnevnoj kirurgiji, buduÄi da incidencija pretilih bolesnika raste, a zahtjevi za sedacijom tijekom oralnokirurÅ”kih zahvata se proÅ”iruju
Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia of the Facial Bones
Fibrozna displazija rijetka je bolest u kojoj fibrozno tkivo postupno zamjenjuje normalnu kost. Bolest je nepoznate etiologije i javlja se u tri oblika: kao monostotska, polistotska i Albrightov sindrom. Prikaz 11 bolesnika s monostotskom fibroznom displazijom (MFD) kostiju lica pokazuje ÄeÅ”Äu zahvaÄenost maksile (7) od mandibule (3) i gotovo podjednaku zastupljenost bolesti meÄu spolovima (6 žena i 5 muÅ”karaca). NaÅ”i bolesnici potvrÄuju da se bolest javlja u svakoj dobi, najÄeÅ”Äe ispod 20. godine. Rijetko je oteklina zahvaÄene kosti praÄena funkcionalnim poremeÄajima. LijeÄenje bolesti je kirurÅ”ko, a kirurÅ”ki pristup ovisi o veliÄini, ograniÄenosti i konzistenciji lezije i o godinama bolesnika. Premda monostotska fibrozna displazija rijetko maligno alterira, u jedne naÅ”e bolesnice naÄena je maligna transformacija bolesti.Fibrous dysplasia is a rare condition in which a normal medullary bone is replaced by fibro-osseous tissue. The disorder is of unknown etiology and three forms of the disease have been recognized: monostotic fibrous dysplasia (MFD), polys to tic fibrous dysplasia (PFD) and Albright\u27s syndrome (AS). A survey of 11 cases with monostotic fibrous dysplasia (MFD) of facial bones showed the maxilla to be more frequently affected (7) than the mandible (3), the sex ratio being approximately 1:1. Our patients confirmed that the disease to be encountered in all age groups, most often under the age o f 20. The swelling associated with functional disturbances is rare. The treatment of monostotic fibrous dysplasia is surgical and the procedure depends on the extent o f the lesion, limitation, consistency and age of the patient