5 research outputs found
Transmission Porosimetry Study on High-quality Zr-fum-MOF Thin Films
Crystalline Zr-fum-MOF (MOF-801) thin films of high quality are prepared on glass and silicon substrates by direct growth under solvothermal conditions. The synthesis is described in detail and the influence of different synthesis parameters such as temperature, precursor concentration, and the substrate type on the quality of the coatings is illustrated. Zr-fum-MOF thin films are characterized in terms of crystallinity, porosity, and homogeneity. Dense films of optical quality are obtained. The sorption behavior of the thin films is studied with various adsorptives. It can be easily monitored by measuring the transmission of the films in gas flows of different compositions. This simple transmission measurement at only one wavelength allows a very fast evaluation of the adsorption properties of thin films as compared to traditional sorption methods. The sorption behavior of the thin films is compared with the sorption properties of Zr-fum-MOF powder samples
Seeding Layer Approach for the Synthesis of Co-ZIF-90 Thin Films of Optical Quality
The growth of zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) thin films is an interesting topic, since ZIFs have a high thermal and chemical stability compared to many other MOFs. A variety of functionalities can be introduced via the imidazole linker molecule. Here, we report on a new approach for the preparation of thin films of a novel ZIF material: Co-ZIF-90. The preparation of thin films is possible on silicon or glass when ZIF-8 seeding layers are deposited first. The resulting constructions are effectively MOF-on-MOF layer systems. The synthesis procedure has been optimized with regard to obtaining high-quality thin films of Co-ZIF-90 on ZIF-8 for optical applications. Notably, the preparation of Co-ZIF-90 thin films is possible only by using a mixture of two different cobalt precursor salts (acetate and nitrate). The thin films are characterized in detail. With regard to the use as an optical material, UV-vis absorption spectra of the MOF-on-MOF constructs were measured and the refractive index of Co-ZIF-90 was determined using ellipsometry. Furthermore, the refractive index of the Co-ZIF-90 film can be modulated reversibly by the adsorption and desorption of water via the gas phase. The kinetics of this fast process are on the time scale of 1 s. In addition to the preparation of thin films, we obtained Co-ZIF-90 as a powder sample and basically characterized the powder. The approach to use an easy-to-crystallize ZIF-8 film as a seeding layer for the growth of films of other ZIFs may be extended as a general concept for the deposition of crystalline ZIF layers in such cases, where a direct deposition is difficult or not possible
Elektrochemisch generierte nanoporöse Beschichtungen zur kontrollierten Medikamenten-Freisetzung
Dentale Implantate sind eine gĂ€ngige Methode zur Behandlung von Zahnverlusten. Allein in Deutschland werden jĂ€hrlich ĂŒber 1.3 Millionen Implantate eingesetzt. Das Auftreten implantatassoziierter Infektionen, die noch Jahre nach der erfolgreichen Implantation zum Implantatverlust fĂŒhren können, stellt die Zahnmedizin jedoch weiterhin vor eine groĂe Herausforderung. Diese Infektionen sind auf bakterielle Biofilme aus pathogenen, SĂ€ure produzierenden Bakterien zurĂŒckzufĂŒhren. Da die Behandlung bakterieller Biofilme durch Antibiotika aufgrund der eingeschrĂ€nkten ZugĂ€nglichkeit erschwert ist, sollte bereits in einem frĂŒhen Stadium die Ausbildung des Biofilms unterbunden werden, um schweren Infektionen vorzubeugen. Dies ist auch eine Herausforderung an die Materialchemie. So können beispielsweise intelligente Medikamentenfreisetzungssysteme auf der ImplantatoberflĂ€che integriert werden, um nach der Implantation als Reaktion auf einen Ă€uĂeren Reiz hin einen Wirkstoff freizugeben, der die Bakterien eliminieren soll, bevor sie einen Biofilm ausbilden.
Die vorliegende Dissertation behandelt die Synthese nanopröser Titandioxidbeschichtungen auf elektrochemischem Wege sowie deren Charakterisierung. Aus den porösen Strukturen sollen durch eine anschlieĂende OberflĂ€chenmodifikation und Einlagerung des Wirkstoffes Chlorhexidin Stimulus-responsive Medikamentenfreisetzungssysteme generiert werden, die letztlich die Ausbildung bakterieller Biofilme auf der SubstratoberflĂ€che verhindern.
Durch kathodische Elektrodeposition konnten nanoporöse Titandioxidbeschichtungen synthetisiert werden, die anschlieĂend durch postsynthetische OberflĂ€chenmodifkationen mit unterschiedlichen funktionellen Gruppen ausgestattet wurden. Dadurch ergab sich eine Variation der freigesetzten Wirkstoffmengen. Mithilfe eines eigens synthetisierten LinkermolekĂŒls war es möglich eine Polymerschicht photochemisch anzubinden, durch die sich das Freisetzungsverhalten stark verĂ€nderte. Die kovalente Anbindung des Polymers war ein entscheidender Fortschritt fĂŒr die Entwicklung des Stimulus-responsiven Freisetzungssystems, was sich bei den mit Methylenblau als Modellsubstanz durchgefĂŒhrten Freisetzungsstudien bestĂ€tigte, da bei geringen pH-Werten mehr Farbstoff freigesetzt wurde als in Lösungen mit neutralem pH-Wert. Erste in vitro-Untersuchungen zeigten, dass die Kombination der eingebrachten Amino- bzw. SulfonsĂ€uregruppen mit dem Wirkstoff Chlorhexidin zu einer VerstĂ€rkung der antibakteriellen Wirkung fĂŒhrt und die Ausbildung eines dichten Biofilms verhindert wird. Die Synthesevariante des anodischen Eloxierens fĂŒhrte ebenfalls zu nanoporösen Titandioxidbeschichtungen, die anschlieĂend ebenfalls modifiziert werden konnten. Auch hier konnte durch die EinfĂŒhrung von Amino- und SulfonsĂ€uregruppen die freigesetzte Chlorhexidinmenge beeinflusst werden. Die Polymeranbindung konnte mit diesen Substraten ebenfalls erfolgreich durchgefĂŒhrt werden. Bei den in vitro-ZytokompatibilitĂ€tstests zeigten alle untersuchten Substrate beider Beschichtungen hohe ZellvitalitĂ€ten. Das weist auf eine moderate BiokompatibilitĂ€t hin
A LowâTemperature Approach for the PhaseâPure Synthesis of MILâ140 Structured MetalâOrganic Frameworks
In a systematic investigation, the synthesis of metalâorganic frameworks (MOFs) with MIL-140 structure was studied. The precursors of this family of MOFs are the same as for the formation of the well-known UiO-type MOFs although the synthesis temperature for MIL-140 is significantly higher. This study is focused on the formation of Zr-based MIL-140 MOFs with terephthalic acid (H2bdc), biphenyl-4,4âČ-dicarboxylic acid (H2bpdc), and 4,4âČ-stilbenedicarboxylic acid (H2sdc) and the introduction of synthesis field diagrams to discover parameters for phase-pure products. In this context, a MIL-140 network with H2sdc as linker molecule is first reported. Additionally, an important aspect is the reduction of the synthesis temperature to make MIL-140 MOFs more accessible even though linkers with a more delicate nature are used. The solvothermal syntheses were conducted in highly concentrated reaction mixtures whereby a targeted synthesis to yield the MIL-140 phase is possible. Furthermore, the effect of the often-used modulator approach is examined for these systems. Finally, the characteristics of the synthesized MOFs are compared with physisorption measurements, thermogravimetric analyses, and scanning electron microscopy
Graphene-like metal-organic frameworks: Morphology control, optimization of thin film electrical conductivity and fast sensing applications
The metal-organic framework Cu-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene (Cu3hhtp2-MOF), a copper-based graphene-like framework, is one of the few MOFs featuring inherent electrical conductivity. Here, we investigate the synthesis of this material with regard to the influence of different additives. It is shown that ammonia acts as a modulator leading to platelet-like particles in a water-based synthesis system. This material is thoroughly characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), physisorption, thermal behaviour, and electrical conductivity. The measured conductivity value of 0.045 S cm-1 surpasses all formerly reported measurements. The obtained platelets appear especially suitable for the preparation of different devices. As an example, we prepared thin and homogenous films by spray-coating water-based dispersions of this MOF on glass and on polymer substrates. In the films, the platelets are oriented parallel to the substrate and are in intimate contact. This leads to a high electrical conductivity combined with an easily accessible pore system. The applicability of such coatings is shown in a preliminary sensing test, showing quick and strong response and fast recovery. This work shows that control of the crystal morphology combined with suitable preparation procedures can enhance the performance of MOF-based devices