Structuring and Electric Conductivity of Polymer Composites Pyrolysed at High Temperatures

The new conductive monolithic materials have been created on the basis of phenolformaldehyde mixtures and epoxy resins at the presence of some silicon organic compounds and fiber glasses annealed in vacuum and hydrogen media. The conductive, magnetic and some other properties of these materials were investigated. It is proved experimentally that the obtained products are characterized by semi-conductive properties, the level of conductivity and conductive type of which, are regulated by the selection of technological methods. The density and mobility of carriers can be increased by increasing the annealing temperature up to definite levels. The temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity and charge mobility are described by Mott formulas. The magnetic properties of the annealed materials are investigated by ESR method. It is established that in the annealing process free radicals and other paramagnetic centers are formed. On the basis of obtained results it is proposed to form the conducting clusters for transporting the charge between them

The Biological Activity of Citrus Pectin, Succinate of Chitosan, and Their Derivates as Film-Forming Components of the Composition for Seed Pre-Treatment

The article deals with the possibility of using pectin and chitosan, and their water-soluble derivatives as film-forming compositions for pre-treatment of seed crops. The authors of the present research investigate the different methods of destructing the watersoluble polysaccharides of natural origin – citrus pectin and succinate of chitosan – (by means of acid gydrolysis and radical-chain destruction) for receiving low-molecular homologues. It is revealed that the dynamic viscosity of the solutions of pectin and succinate of chitosan in case of acid hydrolysis, and in case of radical-chain degradation, is reduced drastically in the first 60-70 minutes of the process. It is shown that 0,001 % solutions of pectin and succinate of chitosan degradation products have a positive impact on the energy growth of Ekada-70 and Bashkirskaya wheat seed varieties. The optimum concentration of degradation products of citrus pectin and chitosan succinate as part of film-forming composition for seed pre-treatment is 0,001 %

Ozone Decomposition on the Surface of Metal Oxide Catalyst

The catalytic decomposition of ozone to molecular oxygen over catalytic mixture containing manganese, copper and nickel oxides was investigated in the present work. The catalytic activity was evaluated on the basis of the decomposition coefficient which is proportional to ozone decomposition rate, and it has been already used in other studies for catalytic activity estimation. The reaction was studied in the presence of thermally modified catalytic samples operating at different temperatures and ozone flow rates. The catalyst changes were followed by kinetic methods, surface measurements, temperature programmed reduction and IR-spectroscopy. The phase composition of the metal oxide catalyst was determined by X-ray diffraction. The catalyst mixture has shown high activity in ozone decomposition at wet and dry O3/O2 gas mixtures. The mechanism of catalytic ozone degradation was suggested