Kvantificiranje mikrovaskularnih promjena u kroničnih bubrežnih bolesnika

Introduction. Ocular microvascular changes can be related to kidney deterioration in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to identify the association between retino-choroidal parameters and kidney deterioration in diabetics and non-diabetics. Methods. The study group consisted of CKD patients (cross-sectional study) with arterial hypertension with different stages of CKD. Complete eye examination was completed with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) scans of the macular region. According to the value of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria, patients were divided into groups: low GFR (60ml/min) and CKD patients without albuminuria and CKD with micro or macroalbuminuria. Results. One hundred and six eyes of 106 chronic kidney disease patients were evaluated. The mean retinal thickness in GFR 60 ml/min group was 274,36±10,77 μ. OCTA showed lower deep vascular density (DVD ) in CKD with albuminuria versus CKD without albuminuria group (p < 0.001). Albuminuria was inversely related to choroidal and retinal thickness measures of superficial (SVD) and DVD . Conclusions. CKD is associated with retinal diluting and decreasing kidney function with reduction of retinal and choroidal vascular density.Uvod. Korioretinalne mikrovaskualrne promjene mogu biti povezane s bubrežnim oštećenjem u kroničnoj bubrežnoj bolesti (KBB). Rad istažuje udruženost korioretinalnih parametara i bubrežnog oštećenja u hipertoničara, dijabetičara i nedijabetičara s KBB. Metode. Presječna studija KBB pacijenata s arterijskom hipertenzijom različitog stupnja oštećenja funkcije u KBB. Skeniranje makularne regije na očima je izvedeno pomoću optičke koherentne tomografije angiografije (OCTA). Pacijenti su podijeljeni na grupe prema stopi glomerularne filtracije na GFR60ml/min, kao i na KBB pacijenti s albuminurijom i KBB pacijenti bez albuminurije. Rezultati. Evaluirano je 106 očiju KBB pacijenata. Srednja vrijednost retinalnog zadebljanja u grupi s GFR <60ml/min je 275,73±9,65 mikrona (μ), dok je u grupi s GFR>60ml/min 274,36±10,77μ. Pomoću OCTA skena prikazana je značajno niža duboka vaskularna gustoća (DVD ) retine u grupi KBB s albuminurijom u odnosu na grupu KBB bez albuminurije (p<0.001). Albuminurija je bila u negativnom odnosu s mjerama debljine koroida i retine, kao i indeksima površne vaskularne gustoće (SVD) i DVD -a. Zaključak. KBB je povezan s retinalnim zadebljanjima, a opadajuća funkcija bubrega s progresivnom redukcijom korioretinalnom vaskularnom gustoćom

Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level as a potential biomarker of cancer progression for patients with bladder cancer

Introduction. Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy involving the urinary system. Recent research tends to emphasize the role of oxidative stress products in the carcinogenesis of bladder cancer. The level of oxidative stress can be measured by assessing the MDA levels. This study aimed to evaluate serum MDA levels in patients with bladder cancer, as well as to determine its potential role as a biomarker in the diagnosis of the disease and progression risk considerations