An Attitudinal Study of English as a Foreign Language in Sukkur Sindh Pakistan

Foreign language learning is a complex process and is influenced by various factors. The attitude of students towards language learning is a major decisive factor in this process; therefore, the current study was carried out to explore this phenomenon. The students of English Works Program Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan were the target population for the current study. The said program was initiated by a Karachi based organization which enrolled fifty students for a 240 hours certificate course in English language. The students already had some formal education ranging from Intermediate to Masters level and belonged to different age groups. The aim of this quantitative study was to investigate their language learning attitudes from three aspects: behavioral, cognitive and emotional. For data collection purposes, a questionnaire comprising 30 closed-ended items was adapted from Eshghinejad, (2016), Boonrangsri, Chuaymankhong, Rermyindee, & Vongchittpinyo, (2004) and Gardner (1985). This was followed by descriptive and inferential statistical analysis by using independent sample t-test (SPSS-22). The results show that the students have positive attitudes towards learning English as a foreign language.

Effect of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on

Abstract The health impacts of Chromium Picolinate (CrP) have been searched by various researchers particularly focused on management of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) with the conflicting results. The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of CrP on management of T2DM. It was a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Two groups of newly diagnosed Type -2 diabetics between the age brackets of 40-65 years were randomly selected from diabetes clinic. One group was exposed to 200 μg of CrP per day and the other was given a capsule of inert material as placebo having no impact on diabetic profile. The intervention duration was 03 months followed by one month as washout period. The outcome variables were biochemistry related to diabetic profile, clinical signs symptoms and toxicity if any. Dietary profile and anthropometrics were used for nutritional assessment. The study revealed that 82.7% of the subjects had family history of diabetes among which 59.6% were close relative. 98.1% were suffering from some kind of stress. Diabetic profile such as FPG, HbA1c and insulin levels improved in terms of normality after three months in treatment group, but did not come to the normal acceptable range e.g. The FPG dropped from142.85±17.71 to 130.42±32.68 mg/dl with a significant P value of 0.003 within the phases. Other health indicators such as lipid profile, blood pressure and clinical signs symptoms also improved and more in treatment group. Dietary counseling showed positive effects on food intake. Renal and hepatic profile showed no signs of toxicity in treatment group. The study concluded that CrP combined with dietary counseling had positive effect on diabetic profile of the newly diagnosed T2DM patients. The clinical signs and symptoms were improved. No hepatic and renal toxicity was observed

In silico data mining of large-scale databases for the virtual screening of human interleukin-2 inhibitors

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is involved in the activation and differentiation of T-helper cells. Uncontrolled activated T cells play a key role in the pathophysiology by stimulating inflammation and autoimmune diseases like arthritis, psoriasis and Crohn’s disease. T cells activation can be suppressed either by preventing IL-2 production or blocking the IL-2 interaction with its receptor. Hence, IL-2 is now emerging as a target for novel therapeutic approaches in several autoimmune disorders. This study was carried out to set up an effective virtual screening (VS) pipeline for IL-2. Four docking/scoring approaches (FRED, MOE, GOLD and Surflex-Dock) were compared in the re-docking process to test their performance in producing correct binding modes of IL-2 inhibitors. Surflex-Dock and FRED were the best in predicting the native pose in its top-ranking position. Shapegauss and CGO scoring functions identified the known inhibitors of IL-2 in top 1, 5 and 10 % of library and differentiated binders from non-binders efficiently with average AUC of > 0.9 and > 0.7, resp. The applied docking protocol served as a basis for the VS of a large database that will lead to the identification of more active compounds against IL-2

Impact of Oppressors on Truthfulness: A Case Study on University of Karachi – Students (Under-Graduate & Graduate)

Under this truth model and research study, the truth is defined as a central fold, which is communicated of its surroundings. Truth is always there available to every person for being revealed but each type of personality is distracted, distressed, dominated or oppressed with an oppressor who is a hurdle in prevalence of truth to each personality. It might be a voice, noise, a physical barrier or distortion etc..The communication type between each and every elements of the model is extra personal in nature. The truth to any one type whether, through direct or indirect interaction. Therefore, the model responds for two-way communication process where, each entity or element act as sender and as well as receiver in the same discipline.The model and research study will further help in finding the core hypothesis i.e. to calculate when the ability of truthfulness in under-graduate, post-graduate and graduate standard students come into existence when dealing with various oppressive conditions and policies i.e. being unaware with the truth, and reacted when dealt with the situation of known about the truth, furthermore; what sources are acquired for prevalence of truth. Secondly, the inheritance element in the process of discovering truth from ancestral roots and the frequency of parent child interaction in investigating of disturbing conditions and matter. How both the ends respond i.e. positively or negatively? The truth model will also be assisting in understanding the scenarios of untruthfulness (social interaction) when opposite reactions insist students to act differently to prescribed criteria and standards. Various studies show that untruthfulness occur due to in hunger and starvation. Further, truthfulness is the adverse situation in anger or aggression (need to be checked). Some other factors such as social disorder, neglected by superior authorities (teachers or maestros) also result in provoking truthfulness in the students. The model will be quite helpful in checking of such disorders of truthfulness. Keywords: Two-way Communication process, Disorders of truthfulness, Hunger and Starvation DOI: 10.7176/JESD/10-6-14 Publication date:March 31st 201