Influence of estimated training status on anti and pro-oxidant activity, nitrite concentration, and blood pressure in middle-aged and older women

The purpose of this study was to compare the association between anti and pro-oxidant activity, nitrite concentration, and blood pressure (BP) in middle-aged and older women with different levels of estimated training status (TS). The sample consisted of 155 females (50-84 years) who were submitted to a physical examination to evaluate estimated TS through the "Functional Fitness Battery Test," BP measurements, and plasma blood samples to evaluate pro-oxidant and antioxidant activity and nitrite concentrations. Participants were separated by age into a middle-aged group (< 65 years) and an older (≥65 years) group and then subdivided in each group according to TS. Blood biochemistry was similar between groups. On the other hand, protein oxidation was lower in participants with higher TS, independent of age. Older females with higher TS presented higher nitrite concentrations, lower lipoperoxidation, and lower values of BP compared with those with lower TS. Lower GPx activity was observed in participants with higher TS compared with middle-aged with lower TS. Thus, our results suggest that good levels of TS may be associated with lower oxidative stress and higher nitrite concentration and may contribute to maintain normal or reduced blood pressure values.Fil: Jacomini, André M.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Dias, Danielle da Silva. Universidade Nove de Julho; BrasilFil: Brito, Janaina de Oliveira. Universidade Nove de Julho; BrasilFil: da Silva, Roberta F.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Monteiro, Henrique L.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Llesuy, Susana Francisca. Universidade Nove de Julho; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad Medicina. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular; ArgentinaFil: De Angelis, Kátia. Universidade Nove de Julho; BrasilFil: Amaral, Sandra L.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Zago, Anderson S.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasi

Relação entre a prática da caminhada não supervisionada e fatores de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares em adultos e idosos

Remain physically active through the practice of walking is highly recommended by health professionals in order to avoid, minimize or reverse various health disorders that can compromise a good quality of life for the population. Objective: To verify if the non supervised walk has enough stimulation to reduce risk factors of cardiovascular disease in adults and the elderly. Methods: This study included 225 healthy men and women who were divided in 4 groups: sedentary (G0), walk (G1), walk an extra activity (G2), and walk and 2 extra activities (G3). All participants performed the following assessments: questionnaire IPAQ, AAHPERD battery tests, blood pressure, lipid profile and body composition. Results: The results suggest that practice of non supervised walk (G1) promotes limited benefits to the health when compared to G3 (general functional fitness index = 273.4±111 vs 340.6±92; diastolic blood pressure = 80.0±8 vs 75.4±7 mmHg; HDL cholesterol = 44.3±10 vs 50.1±10 mg/dL respectively). Conclusions: The increased number of activities (G3) was considered beneficial to reduce the risk factors of cardiovascular disease compared to sedentary (G0) and walk (G1) groups.Introdução: A adoção de um estilo de vida ativo através da prática da caminhada é altamente recomendada pelos profissionais de saúde com o intuito de evitar, minimizar ou reverter diversos agravos de saúde que podem comprometer a qualidade de vida da população. Objetivo: Verificar se a prática da caminhada não supervisionada possui estímulo suficiente para a redução de fatores de risco de doenças  cardiovasculares em adultos e idosos. Métodos: Participaram deste estudo 225 homens e mulheres saudáveis que foram divididos em 4 grupos: sedentário (G0), caminhada (G1), caminhada e uma atividade extra (G2) e, caminhada e duas atividades extras (G3). Todos os participantes realizaram as seguintes avaliações: International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) - versão curta, bateria de testes de aptidão física (AAHPERD), pressão arterial, perfil lipídico e composição corporal. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram que a prática da caminhada não supervisionada (G1) promoveu benefícios limitados à saúde quando comparado ao grupo G3 (índice de aptidão funcional geral = 273,4±111 vs 340,6±92; pressão arterial diastólica = 80,0±8 vs 75,4±7 mmHg; HDL colesterol = 44,3±10 vs 50,1±10 mg/dL respectivamente).  Conclusão: Participar de maior número de atividades foi benéfico para diminuir os fatores de risco de doenças cardiovasculares quando comparados ao grupo sedentário e praticantes apenas de caminhadas

Physical fitness and habitual level of physical activity associated with cardiovascular health in adults and elderly

Modelo do Estudo: Transversal Fundamento: O nível habitual de atividade física (NHAF) vem sendo utilizado para estabelecer uma relação entre estilo de vida ativo e saúde cardiovascular. No entanto, a avaliação da aptidão física permitiria a avaliação real das condições físicas do indivíduo, podendo assim apresentar melhores relações com a saúde cardiovascular. Objetivos: Relacionar o NHAF e aptidão física com a saúde cardiovascular de adultos e idosos e verificar a associação da prática regular de exercícios físicos supervisionada com os diferentes níveis de aptidão física. Método: Foram avaliados 213 adultos e idosos (&gt; 50 anos) participantes de projetos comunitários. Os participantes realizaram as seguintes avaliações: NHAF por meio do questionário IPAQ, aptidão física por meio de uma bateria de testes motores que permitiu o cálculo do Índice de Aptidão Funcional Geral (IAFG), pressão arterial, perfil lipídico e índice de massa corporal. Resultados: O modelo linear generalizado evidenciou um maior número de diferenças com relação às variáveis relacionadas à saúde cardiovascular quando os participantes foram subdivididos em grupos tendo o IAFG como variável independente, comparado ao NHAF. O teste exato de Fisher evidenciou que os grupos de IAFG classificados como “bom” e “muito bom” apresentaram maior proporção de indivíduos com prática regular de exercícios físicos superior a 6 meses, com destaque para um maior número realizando a prática com supervisão (p &lt; 0,0001). Conclusão: O IAFG apresenta melhor associação com a saúde cardiovascular do que o NHAF e o tempo de prática e a supervisão estão associados ao nível de aptidão físicaStudy design: cross-sectional Background: The habitual level of physical activity (HLPA) has been used to establish the relation between active lifestyle and cardiovascular health. However, the assessment of physical fitness would review the actual physical condition of the individual, and thus can have better relations with cardiovascular health. Objectives: Relate HLPA and physical fitness with cardiovascular health of adults and elderly and to verify the association of supervised regular physical exercise with different levels of fitness. Method: 213 adults and elderly (&gt; 50 years) participating in community projects were evaluated. The HLPA were assessed by the IPAQ and physical fitness through a battery of motor tests that allowed the calculation of the General Functional Fitness Index (GFFI). Blood pressure, lipid profile and body mass index were considered as indicators of cardiovascular health. Results: The generalized linear model showed a greater number of differences with respect to variables related to cardiovascular health when participants were subdivided having GFFI as an independent variable, compared to HLPA. The Fisher exact test showed that the groups GFFI classified as “good” and “very good” showed a higher proportion of individuals with regular practice for more than 6 months exercise, especially for a larger number performing the practice under supervision (p &lt; 0,0001). Conclusion: The GFFI has better association with cardiovascular health than HLPA and time of practice and supervision are associated with the level of physical fitnes

CMS physics technical design report : Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

Peer reviewe

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

ATLANTIC-PRIMATES: a dataset of communities and occurrences of primates in the Atlantic Forests of South America

Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta. The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2 ± 1 species (range = 1–6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N = 2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N = 1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N = 35), Leontopithecus caissara (N = 38), and Sapajus libidinosus (N = 41) were the species with the least records. Recorded primate densities varied from 0.004 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta guariba at Fragmento do Bugre, Paraná, Brazil) to 400 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta caraya in Santiago, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Our dataset reflects disparity between the numerous primate census conducted in the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to the scarcity of estimates of population sizes and densities. With these data, researchers can develop different macroecological and regional level studies, focusing on communities, populations, species co-occurrence and distribution patterns. Moreover, the data can also be used to assess the consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and disease outbreaks on different ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, species invasion or extinction, and community dynamics. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this Data Paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data. © 2018 by the The Authors. Ecology © 2018 The Ecological Society of Americ

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Relação entre a prática da caminhada não supervisionada e fatores de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares em adultos e idosos

Introdução: A adoção de um estilo de vida ativo através da prática da caminhada é altamente recomen-dada pelos profissionais de saúde com o intuito de evitar, minimizar ou reverter diversos agravos desaúde que podem comprometer a qualidade de vida da população. Objetivo: Verificar se a prática dacaminhada não supervisionada possui estímulo suficiente para a redução de fatores de risco de doen-ças cardiovasculares em adultos e idosos. Métodos: Participaram deste estudo 225 homens e mulhe-res saudáveis que foram divididos em 4 grupos: sedentário (G0), caminhada (G1), caminhada e umaatividade extra (G2) e, caminhada e duas atividades extras (G3). Todos os participantes realizaram asseguintes avaliações: International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) - versão curta, bateria detestes de aptidão física (AAHPERD), pressão arterial, perfil lipídico e composição corporal. Resultados:Os resultados apontaram que a prática da caminhada não supervisionada (G1) promoveu benefícioslimitados à saúde quando comparado ao grupo G3 (índice de aptidão funcional geral = 273,4±111 vs340,6±92; pressão arterial diastólica = 80,0±8 vs 75,4±7 mmHg; HDL colesterol = 44,3±10 vs 50,1±10mg/dL respectivamente). Conclusão: Participar de maior número de atividades foi benéfico para dimi-nuir os fatores de risco de doenças cardiovasculares quando comparados ao grupo sedentário epraticantes apenas de caminhadas.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

High-intensity resistance training attenuates dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy

We investigated the effects of high-intensity resistance training (RT) on dexamethasone (DEX) induced muscle atrophy in flexor hallucis longus (FHL), tibialis anterior (TA), and soleus (SOL) muscles. Rats underwent either high-intensity RT or were kept sedentary. In the last 10 days they received either DEX (0.5 mg/kg/d, i.p.) or saline. DEX reduced body weight (-21%), food intake (-28%), FHL and TA muscle mass (-20% and -18%), and increased in muscle-specific ring finger 1 (MuRF-1) protein level (+37% and +45.5%). RT attenuated FHL muscle atrophy by a combination of a low increase in MuRF-1 protein level (-3.5%) and significant increases in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) (+63%) and p70S6K (+46% and +49% for Ctrl and DEX) protein levels. The data show that RT attenuated DEX-induced muscle atrophy by a combination of increases in mTOR and p70S6K protein level and a low increase in MuRF-1 protein level. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES