Pre-shuttle lidar system research

Included are the results of the initial phase of a simulation study in connection with photomultiplier tubes (PMT) and associated networks and an analytical study of atmospheric physics (including multiscattering) leading to modeling studies in connection with differential absorption lidar (DIAL) observations. This effort was in support of the ER-2 aircraft DIAL projects

Ischémie aiguë non traumatique du membre inférieur chez un nourrisson de 1 an: cas clinique et revue de la littérature

L'ischémie aiguë non traumatique du membre inférieur du nourrisson est une affection rare mais aux conséquences graves. Les étiologies sont multiples, mais il existe des cas idiopathiques. Nous rapportons un cas d'ischémie aiguë idiopathique d'un nourrisson traité médicalement. Malgré le retard de consultation, l'évolution a été spectaculaire avec une régression complète des signes en trois jours

Neuronal Activity in the Human Subthalamic Nucleus Encodes Decision Conflict during Action Selection

The subthalamic nucleus (STN), which receives excitatory inputs from the cortex and has direct connections with the inhibitory pathways\ud of the basal ganglia, is well positioned to efficiently mediate action selection. Here, we use microelectrode recordings captured during\ud deep brain stimulation surgery as participants engage in a decision task to examine the role of the human STN in action selection. We\ud demonstrate that spiking activity in the STN increases when participants engage in a decision and that the level of spiking activity\ud increases with the degree of decision conflict. These data implicate the STN as an important mediator of action selection during decision\ud processes.\u

Reflecting on urban resilience based on analyses of al-Zaa’tari Camp for Syrian refugees in al-Mafraq, Jordan

Considering the unprecedented and ever-growing number of refugees in the twenty-first century and the issues related to spaces of refuge, now reaching 66 million people, and a roughly estimated seventeen years as the average length of refugees’ stay in a camp, can we still manage these populations from an emergency perspective? Shall we continue to use the city as a comparison-unit to explore these spaces? This research sheds the light on the urban practices that emerge within refugee camps. In doing so, it recognizes spaces of refuge as urban agglomerations. It also acknowledges the life-producing actions of refugees which challenge equating them as mere objects of humanitarian intervention, and the treatment of camps as spaces of “exception” and emergency. The case of al-Zaa’tari Camp for Syrian Refugees in al-Mafraq, Jordan will be used to argue for the importance of spaces of refuge in the planning thought and practice as it sets a profound example of urban resilience. The study concludes with a discussion on the planners’ expected role and intervention in the development of refugee settlements

Development of novel formulations to enhance in vivo transdermal permeation of tocopherol

Tocopherol represents a big challenge for transdermal permeation owing to its extreme hydrophobicity and large molecular mass. The aim of the present study was to develop alpha-tocopherol (T) topical formulations and evaluate the ex vivo and in vivo permeation. Franz diffusion cells were used for the ex vivo permeation, and neonatal rats were used for in vivo permeation. Seven gel formulations and 21 liquid formulations were investigated for physical stability, viscosity and permeation of T. Analysis of T was performed by a validated HPLC method using a UV detector.The ex vivo permeation from gel and emulsion formulations was very poor (0.001–0.015 %). The highest permeation was observed from monophasic liquid formulations containing dimethyl sulfuxide (DMSO), tocopheryl polyethylene glycols (TPGs), propylene glycol, ethanol, and 9.5 % T. The in vivo results demonstrated higher retention in the epidermis compared to subcutaneous tissues; 1377 and 1.13 µg g–1, respectively. Increasing T concentration from 4.8 to 9.5 % did not increase the amount permeated or % of T retained. It was concluded that simple solutions of T in presence of DMSO and TPGs are more promising systems for effective transdermal permeation; compared to gel, emulsion or oleaginous systems

Prise en charge des complications des fistules artério-veineuses pour hémodialyse chronique

La fistule artério-veineuse native est l'accès vasculaire de choix pour  l'hémodialyse chronique en raison de sa longévité, son taux faible de complication et de mortalité par rapport aux pontages artério-veineux et aux cathéters. Cependant, il arrive assez souvent que l'on assiste à des complications qui sont dominées par la sténose et la thrombose. C'est une étude rétrospective des complications ayants survenues pour 31 fistules artério-veineuses pour hémodialyse chronique des 200 fistules réalisées chez 200 patients au sein du service de chirurgie vasculaire du CHU Hassan II de Fès sur une période de trois ans, étendue de Janvier 2007 à  Décembre 2009. Ces complications ont été présentés par les thrombosesdans 14 cas soit 45,15% de l'ensemble des complications, les sténoses dans 4 cas (12,90%,) les anévrismes dans 4 cas (12,90%), les  complications ischémiques dans 3 cas (9,67%), l'infection dans 3 cas (9,67%), l'hémorragie dans 2 cas (6,45%) et l' hyperdébit dans un seul cas soit 3,22%. On a pu conserver 22 fistules soit 70,96% par traitement chirurgical ou endovasculaire, on a confectionné une nouvelle fistule dans 8cas soit 25,80%, et on a adressé une patiente (3,22%) pour pose d'un cathéter veineux tunnelisé permanent. Les complications des fistules artério-veineuses pour l'hémodialyse chronique sont la principale cause de morbidité chez les patients hémodialysés, il est donc important de s'impliquer lors de leur création, et de donner un maximum d'attention quand ils sont manipulés. Ceci suggère la mise en place d'un programme de surveillance de ces fistules en raison de l'impact des complications sur la morbi-mortalité du patient hémodialysé et sur le plan financier