44 research outputs found
Diversity among Bi-ethnic students and differences in educational outcomes and social functioning
The number of bi-ethnic children is increasing. The focus of this study is on bi-ethnic students in the Netherlands with one parent with an ethnic majority background and one parent with an ethnic minority background. Most studies that have investigated educational outcomes and social functioning in school for bi-ethnic students have not focused on the diversity within this group. In this study, we described the demographic, social and cultural diversity among bi-ethnic students and examined whether, in particular, ethnic background and gender of the migrant parent were related to the educational outcomes and social functioning of bi-ethnic students. Data on a total of 653 sixth grade bi-ethnic students (age 11â12) in primary education of the national Dutch cohort study (COOL5â18) were used in this study. To analyse the relationship between the ethnic background and gender of the migrant parent and the educational outcomes and social functioning among bi-ethnic students, multivariate multilevel analyses were performed. The research findings indicate that bi-ethnic students differ demographically, socially and culturally in a manner dependent on ethnic background and gender of the migrant parent. We also found that the ethnic background and the gender of the migrant parent were related to cognitive outcomes, social-emotional functioning and citizenship competences. When trying to understand and support bi-ethnic students, we must consider the diversity among them
An fMRI dataset of social and nonsocial reward processing in young adults
Trait reward sensitivity, risk for developing substance use, and mood disorders have each been linked with altered striatal responses to reward. Moreover, striatal response to reward is sensitive to social context, such as the presence of a peer, and drugs are often sought out and consumed in social contexts or as a result of social experiences. Thus, mood disorder symptoms, striatal responses to social context and social reward may play a role in substance use. To investigate this possibility, this dataset was collected as part of a NIDA grant titled "Aberrant Reward Sensitivity: Mechanisms Underlying Substance Use." The overarching goal was to characterize the associations between neural responses to social and nonsocial rewards, trait reward sensitivity, substance use, and mood disorder symptoms. After obtaining questionnaire data quantifying reward sensitivity, substance use, and other psychosocial characteristics, young adults (N=59; mean age: 20.89 years ± 1.75 years) completed four fMRI tasks testing different features of social and reward processing. These included: 1) a strategic reward-based decision-making task with Ultimatum and Dictator Game conditions; 2) a task where participants shared rewards or losses with peers, strangers, or non-human partners; 3) a task in which participants received well-matched social and monetary rewards and punishment; and 4) a monetary incentive delay (MID) task in which participants tried to obtain or avoid rewards and losses of different magnitude. This dataset includes sociodemographic questionnaire data, anatomical, task-based fMRI, and corresponding behavioural task-based data. We outline several opportunities for extension and reuse, including exploration of individual differences, cross-task comparisons, and representational similarity analyses